再生细骨料及矿物掺合料对再生砂浆强度及微观结构的影响

将不同来源的2种再生细骨料及矿物掺合料以不同的掺配方式掺入砂浆中,研究了再生砂浆强度及微观结构的变化。研究发现在水泥砂浆中掺入不同来源的再生细骨料后,随着取代率的变化再生砂浆强度表现出的变化趋势不同。在再生细骨料取代率为50%的情况下同时在水泥砂浆中掺加矿物掺合料,无论是单掺粉煤灰还是复掺粉煤灰和硅灰,再生砂浆在水化早期的强度均有明显下降,到了28d时强度均基本接近。从微观结构来看,掺加再生细骨料后,水泥石内部结构中有比较大的孔隙和微裂纹,但如果同时加入矿物掺合料,水泥凝胶体内部的孔隙减少,结构趋于致密。     

同掺再生粗细骨料混凝土的力学与耐久性能研究

为了探讨同时掺入大掺量再生粗骨料和细骨料制备C40及以上强度等级再生混凝土的可行性,在C45天然骨料混凝土配合比的基础上,采用II类再生粗骨料、I类再生细骨料,以同掺再生粗细骨料质量替代率为25%、50%、75%、100%配制了4组再生混凝土,研究了再生粗细骨料替代率对再生混凝土基本力学性能和耐久性能的影响规律。结果表明:当同掺再生粗细骨料的替代率为25%时,混凝土的力学性能下降很小,替代率为50%、75%的混凝土的抗压强度分别达到C45、C40等级,替代率100%的全再生粗细骨料混凝土的28 d抗压、劈拉、轴压强度和弹性模量等力学性能指标较天然骨料混凝土降低12.0%~23.2%,并达到C35抗压强度等级。增加再生粗细骨料的替代率会降低混凝土的耐久性,但即使是全再生粗细骨料混凝土仍可获得高的耐久性,其抗碳化性能、抗氯离子渗透性、抗冻性能分别达到T-IV、RCM-IV和F300等级,说明在混凝土中同时掺用50%及以上再生粗细骨料配制C40及以上强度等级的再生混凝土是可行的。     

废弃混凝土作为再生粗骨料对新拌混凝土性能的影响

废弃混凝土资源化再利用是绿色循环经济的重要方法,目前主要通过将其破碎制成再生粗骨料进行循环利用.主要研究了再生粗骨料的掺量、最大粒径、不同级配形式、间断级配再生粗骨料的掺量等因素对混凝土性能的影响.结果 表明:再生粗骨料的掺量越大,最大粒径越小,则混凝土的坍落度和抗压强度越小;掺入间断级配再生粗骨料的混凝土的坍落度和强度大于掺入连续级配再生粗骨料的混凝土;间断级配再生粗骨料的掺量对混凝土的性能影响与连续级配再生粗骨料的影响一致.与未掺加再生粗骨料的混凝土的强度增长率相比,掺加再生粗骨料的混凝土的强度增长较大.为了解释上述宏观性能变化,通过激光拉曼光谱法研究了废弃混凝土中未水化水泥的水化等对强度发展的影响.     

不同粒径建筑垃圾再生粉料性能研究

应用建筑垃圾生产再生骨料时会产生粒径小于0.075 mm的再生粉料。系统研究了粒径为0.045 mm、0.075mm的再生粉料对水泥净浆流动度、活性指数及制备混凝土性能的影响。结果表明:随着再生粉料掺量的增加,水泥净浆流动度、胶砂活性指数均呈现下降趋势;制备的混凝土抗压强度呈现先增后降的趋势。当再生粉料掺量为10%,混凝土抗压强度呈现最大值。     

矿物掺和料与再生骨料对水泥强度和收缩性能的影响

矿物掺和料与再生骨料应用于水泥制品中是废弃物资源化利用的重要途径。为了研究矿物掺和料与再生骨料对水泥强度和收缩性能的影响,设计不同掺和料掺合比例与再生骨料取代率,进行不同龄期的强度、干燥收缩和早期自收缩测试。结果表明,粉煤灰降低水泥强度,而矿粉可提高水泥后期强度;粉煤灰和矿粉对水泥的干燥收缩有抑制作用,但对水泥早期自收缩有促进作用;再生骨料能够提高水泥强度,而对水泥的收缩性能无明显影响。     

大流动性粉煤灰再生混凝土的力学性能

利用泵送混凝土的大流动性来指导再生骨料混凝土配合比设计,提高研究实用价值。试验表明,掺入再生骨料后有两种效应同时作用于混凝土,影响其力学性能,对于不同强度的混凝土,再生骨料的最佳掺量不同;“最佳掺量”范围（15%-30%）内提高粉煤灰掺量,不会明显降低再生骨料混凝土强度。     

再生细骨料混凝土的抗压强度试验

为研究再生细骨料和水灰比两种因素对混凝土抗压强度的影响,考虑再生细骨料掺入量0,25%,50%,75%和100%五个水平,水灰比0.43,0.49和0.55三个水平。试验结果表明,水灰比一定时,当再生细骨料掺入量约30%,再生混凝土抗压强度出现分界点;结合方差分析,得出水灰比及细骨料掺入量对再生混凝土抗压强度均有显著影响,从F值的大小次序来看,细骨料掺入量影响大于水灰比的影响。     

粉煤灰对再生骨料混凝土抗压性能影响研究*

研究用破碎、筛分处理后的建筑垃圾作为混凝土的粗骨料，代替天然粗骨料配制C20级再生混凝土，测试其抗压强度是否满足混凝土正常使用标准。再生骨料的取代率设计为0，35%，65%，100%，每个取代率做3组试件共24组试件，进行了混凝土的抗压强度试验，并探讨掺入粉煤灰对其抗压强度的影响。试验结果表明：C20级再生混凝土的抗压强度会随再生骨料取代率的增大而降低，粉煤灰可以减少水泥用量但对抗压强度影响不大。     

再生骨料取代率及矿物掺合料对混凝土力学性能的影响

试验研究了再生骨料取代率及矿物掺合料对混凝土力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：随着再生骨料取代率的增加,混凝土的和易性和强度呈下降趋势,当取代率超过60％时,混凝土的强度下降较快。再生骨料取代率为60％时,掺入适量矿物掺合料,使混凝土的和易性得以改善,强度影响不大。     

废旧玻璃及再生骨料对混凝土强度影响研究

废旧玻璃是广泛存在的固体废弃物,分别以质量分数为0、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%的废旧玻璃作为细骨料替代天然河砂制作再生混凝土试块,以质量分数为25%、50%、75%的再生骨料作为粗骨料替代天然石子制作再生混凝土试块,测试其3d、7d、14d和28d抗压强度。结果表明,废旧玻璃作为细骨料替代天然河砂是可行的,最佳替代率15%;再生骨料可以掺入水泥混凝土,最佳替代率50%。     

Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete

In this study recycled coarse aggregates obtained by crushed concrete were used for concrete production. Four different recycled aggregate concretes were produced; made with 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% of recycled coarse aggregates, respectively. The mix proportions of the four concretes were designed in order to achieve the same compressive strengths. Recycled aggregates were used in wet condition, but not saturated, to control their fresh concrete properties, effective w/c ratio and lower strength variability. The necessity to produce recycled aggregate concrete with low-medium compressive strength was verified due to the requirement of the volume of cement. The influence of the order of materials used in concrete production (made with recycled aggregates) with respect to improving its splitting tensile strength was analysed. The lower modulus of elasticity of recycled coarse aggregate concretes with respect to conventional concretes was measured verifying the numeral models proposed by several researchers.     

基于粒形分析的再生细骨料颗粒特性和制备砂浆性能研究

运用数字图像技术分析再生细骨料的颗粒形貌参数,以此为基础对再生细骨料的堆积密度、吸水率、压碎值等颗粒特性开展研究,并对再生细骨料制备水泥砂浆的工作性能和力学性能进行了分析。实验结果表明,再生细骨料与同级配的标准砂和天然河砂相比,钝度、长宽比、坚固度和球度等指标均相对较低,压碎值和吸水率显著增加;使用再生细骨料制备水泥砂浆时,质量替代量达到30%时流动度明显下降,质量替代量达到40%时抗压强度和峰值应力显著下降。     

Influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the slump and compressive strength of concrete

The influence of moisture states of natural and recycled aggregates on the properties of fresh and hardened concretes was investigated. Concrete mixes were prepared with natural and recycled aggregates at different proportions. The moisture states of the aggregates were controlled at air-dried (AD), oven-dried (OD) and saturated surface-dried (SSD) states prior to use. The ratio of cement to free water was kept constant for all of the mixes. At the fresh state, the slump loss for various concrete mixtures was determined, while the compressive strength was determined after curing for 3, 7 and 28 days. The test results showed that the initial slump values of the concrete mixtures were dependent on the initial free water contents, and the slump loss values of the mixtures were related to the moisture states of the aggregates. Slump loss was significant when 100% AD or OD recycled aggregate was used. The effect of the moisture states of the aggregates on the strength of the concretes prepared with OD and SSD state aggregates at early age (i.e., 3 and 7 days) was noticeable. The concrete prepared with the AD aggregates achieved the highest average strength values at 3, 7 and 28 days. However, at 28 days, the concrete strengths prepared with different types of aggregates were similar. The results suggested that an AD aggregate that contains not more than 50% recycled aggregate is optimum for producing normal strength recycled aggregate concrete.     

Breakage of waste concrete by free fall

For producing high-quality recycled aggregates from waste concrete, the characteristics of waste concrete when subjected to breakage by impact were investigated under free-fall conditions at various heights. In general, a lump of waste concrete did not disintegrate by a single impact, but underwent abrasion and occasional chipping before eventually breaking into several pieces. Further, when the sample was pretreated by heat, the number of free falls required for disintegrative fracture reduced markedly. Moreover, the resulting recycled aggregates had less adherent cement mortar due to weakening of the bonding strength between the aggregates and the cement mortar. Therefore, the energy penalty resulting from preheating the sample could be partially compensated for by the production of high-quality recycled aggregates. These results suggest that preheating followed by gentle breakage through free fall is an efficient technique to produce high-quality recycled aggregates from waste concrete.     

Properties of concrete made with recycled aggregate from partially hydrated old concrete

Concrete having a 28-day compressive strength of 28 MPa was crushed at ages 1, 3 and 28 days to serve as a source of aggregate for new concretes, simulating the situation prevailing in precast concrete plants. The properties of the recycled aggregate and of the new concrete made from it, with nearly 100% of aggregate replacement, were tested.Significant differences were observed between the properties of the recycled aggregates of various particle size groups, while the crushing age had almost no effect. The properties of the concrete made with recycled aggregates were inferior to those of concrete made with virgin aggregates. Effects of crushing age were moderate: concrete made with aggregates crushed at age 3 days exhibited better properties than those made with aggregates of the other crushing ages, when a strong cement matrix was used. An opposite trend was seen when a weaker cement matrix was used. Some latent cementing capacity was seen in the recycled aggregates crushed at an early age.     

再生混凝土基本性能的表征

测试再生粗骨料取代率分别为0、25%、50%、75%、100%的新拌再生混凝土的坍落度、表观密度及相应再生混凝土立方体抗压强度.结果表明:再生混凝土的坍落度和表观密度都随再生粗骨料取代率的增加而下降;立方体抗压强度变化相对较为复杂且具有一定的离散性,建议在拌制再生混凝土前要对骨料作适当处理以改善再生骨料的基本性能.     

对如何提高我国通用水泥质量的探讨(一)--我国水泥质量存在的主要问题

我国水泥质量民国际先进水平比较，主要关屡高标号水泥数量少，最高强度比较低；水泥早期强度相对值和绝对值都是低；没有控制水泥的及各组分的颗粒级配；还没能按混凝土工艺要求及时生产和供应最佳性能和足够数量的均质水泥。提高我国水泥质量的根本途径是产质量，耒泥性能，包括提高硅酸盐矿物总量和早强矿物含量，提高熟料率值，特别是提高ＳＭ，增加细粉含量，控制水泥颗粒级配，以及走掺矿渣和粉煤灰抑制碱集料反应的道路。     

Properties of HPC with recycled aggregates

The utilization of recycled aggregates can minimize environmental impact and slow the huge consumption of natural resources used for concrete applications. However, recycled aggregates are not suitable for use in the production of High Performance Concrete (HPC) due to their relatively high absorption capacity, unstable properties and recycled aggregates' weaker strength. Such inadequacies can be overcome through carefully examining the characteristics of recycled aggregates and then adopting proper mixture proportions. In this paper, recycled aggregates generated from demolished-construction wastes were examined and the Densified Mixture Design Algorithm (DMDA) was applied in the design of HPC. Results show that HPC specimens containing recycled aggregates can be designed to have a slump of more than 180 mm and a slump-flow larger than 550 mm. However, HPC specimens with high amounts of recycled aggregates and cement added lose their high-flowing and self-consolidating characteristics after 1 h due to their greater water absorption. Local standards of durability were satisfied at the age of 91 days both by concrete resistivity and chloride ion penetration.     

砖混类再生微粉泡沫胶凝材料力学性能研究

利用建筑垃圾制备的再生微粉,可以有效替代水泥,减少水泥资源的使用,提高建筑垃圾的资源利用率。本文通过气泡参数分析、力学性能测试等方法,研究了砖混类再生微粉和发泡剂掺量对低强度泡沫胶凝材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：再生微粉的掺入会导致胶凝材料抗压强度降低,微粉掺量大于水泥时,胶凝材料抗压强度随再生微粉掺量增加而小幅提高;浆体流动度随再生微粉掺量的增加先降低后增高;再生微粉掺量较小时,发泡剂掺量对浆体流动性影响较大,而当微粉掺量较大时,发泡剂掺量对浆体流动性无显著影响;不同批次再生微粉性能差异较小。通过调节再生微粉和发泡剂掺量可制备满足不同力学性能需求,同时具有良好流动性的泡沫胶凝材料。