800 MPa级高强钢焊接接头组织及力学性能

采用焊条电弧焊和气体保护焊两种方法,分别对具有良好抗焊接裂纹敏感性的800 MPa级船体用钢对接接头进行两种工艺的焊接,并对其焊接接头进行显微组织分析和力学性能试验. 结果表明,两种焊接方法焊缝组织主要为交织分布的板条马氏体、贝氏体,以及一定量的针状铁素体,板条间有残余奥氏体,SMAW(焊条电弧焊)焊缝宏观金相可见明显氧化夹杂;两种焊接方法所得焊接接头具有相似的硬度分布,抗拉强度相当,且均断在母材,但SMAW侧弯试验件出现0.5 mm裂纹;?50 ℃下SMAW接头冲击韧性低于GMAW(气体保护焊)接头,SMAW断口由河流花样的准解离小刻面和少量的韧窝组成的撕裂棱构成,属于韧-脆混合断裂,GMAW断口由小且深的韧窝构成,属于典型的韧性断裂.     

热输入对高强钢DB685焊接接头组织和力学性能的影响

以水陆工程车车体专用高强钢DB685的焊接性作为研究对象,为优化高强钢DB685焊接接头组织状态、提高焊接接头的力学性能,研究了热输入变化对接头组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:合适的热输入区间完全可以获得成形质量良好的焊接接头;横对接和立对接焊接接头的抗拉强度、侧弯性能、冲击性能等力学性能指标均能达到实际规范要求;立对接焊的热输入高于横对接焊的,立对接焊接头组织明显较横对接焊的粗大,焊缝韧性较横对接焊的差。     

BS600MCJ4低合金高强钢焊接接头组织与力学性能研究

通过拉伸、弯曲、冲击、硬度、金相分析等试验对BS600MCJ4低合金高强钢焊接接头的力学性能和组织形态进行了研究。结果表明,采用ER70-G焊丝焊接时,BS600MCJ4焊接接头具有良好的拉伸、弯曲和冲击性能;其焊缝组织为有少量先共析铁素体、少量无碳贝氏体从晶界伸向晶内,晶内为针状铁素体,个别部位有粒状贝氏体。熔合区及粗晶区组织为粒状贝氏体和少量针状铁素体。正火区组织为索氏体和粒状贝氏体。BS600MCJ4焊接接头的硬度值在243~330 HV之间,焊缝处硬度最高,但与热影响区和母材相差不大,热影响区软化不明显。     

高强钢Domex700MC焊接工艺及接头性能分析

采用不同的焊接方法对高强钢Domex700MC进行焊接，分析了焊接接头的力学性能和金相组织。结果表明：用CO2＋Ar气体保护焊和埋弧焊2种焊接方法对高强钢Domex700MC进行焊接，其接头性能都满足要求，但用CO2＋Ar气体保护焊得到的焊接接头性能更优良。     

屈服强度700MPa级低合金高强钢焊接接头的组织和性能研究

采用等强匹配设计原则,对屈服强度为700 MPa级的低合金高强钢进行了熔化极气体保护焊接,通过金相显微组织观察和力学性能测定对焊接接头的组织和性能进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,焊接接头的热影响区粗晶区组织为等轴铁素体和粒状贝氏体,焊缝区组织以针状铁素体为主,以及少量先共析铁素体与贝氏体;焊缝区的显微硬度与母材相当。在-40℃时AKV=38 J,焊接接头与母材的抗拉强度比为97.1%,断裂位置在热影响区粗晶区,裂纹源区断口形貌为韧窝和解理台阶的混合型断口。经等强匹配焊接的焊接接头表现为强韧性较高,综合力学性能良好。     

热处理对高强钢焊接接头力学性能的影响

对比了高强钢S500MC焊接接头在退火前、后的抗拉强度、硬度、冲击功的变化,结果表明后者的横向抗拉强度、硬度略有下降,而抗冲击能力有所提高,为今后高强钢在焊接后是否需要进行退火处理提供科学依据。     

高强钢激光复合焊接T型接头组织分析

采用15kW高功率激光复合焊接船用低合金高强钢T型接头构件.测定了接头截面的显微硬度,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了焊缝微观组织.结果表明:焊接接头没有气孔、裂纹等缺陷;焊缝和热影响区显微 硬度均高于母材,焊缝显微硬度最高为290HV;焊缝组织主要为细条状的粒状贝氏体和少量的M-A组元.贝氏体铁素体为细条状的铁索体,晶粒细小,晶界密度高.Cu、Ti等微合金元素形成的碳化物沉淀强化相分布于贝氏体铁素体内.细条状的粒状贝氏体组织的晶粒细化及其微合金碳化物(Cu,Ti)xCy的沉淀强化使得焊缝强度高于母材.     

低匹配接头法在高强钢转轮焊接上的应用

详细地介绍了低匹配接头法及０Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４ＭｏＲｅ马氏体不锈钢的性能与焊接特性，针对云南西洱河２．５万千瓦水轮发电机组０Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４ＭｏＲｅ高强钢转轮的设计要求，通过焊接试验与分析，指出采用低茶杯接头法是解决此转轮常温焊接的有效方法，并在该转轮的实际生产中应用成功，为高强度钢在大型水轮机转轮焊接生产上提供了一条简易可行、成本低的新路子。     

高强钢焊接接头扩散氢行为研究

针对900 MPa钢级高强钢,采用甘油法测试焊接接头中扩散氢含量,并研究焊后放置72 h内扩散氢的逸出规律.研究结果表明,试板装瓶后0.5～12 h时,扩散氢的逸出速度很快,逸出量比较大,可以达到总逸出量的90％;在12～24 h这一时间区间内,扩散氢逸出速度变慢;在24～72 h时间内,扩散氢逸出量基本维持不变.由此看出,在焊接后24 h内,熔敷金属中的扩散氢已经逸出怠尽.本研究结果也表明对高强钢焊接结构进行消氢处理时必须在焊后尽快进行,否则消氢处理的意义不大.     

异种奥氏体钢焊接接头显微组织结构分析

研究了高锰奥氏体钢焊接接头性能和显微组织结构,在熔合线上不同合金元素成线性过渡,其显微组织与母材和焊缝组织相同,均为奥氏体加铁素体,显微硬度分析也证实了这点。说明用Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ奥氏体钢焊接材料焊接高锰奥氏体钢,可获得性能优良的焊接接头。     

Investigation on process and microstructure of Ti/Ni/Cu joints by electron beam welding

In this article, the electron beam welding of the Cu alloy （ QCrO. 8） with Ti alloy （TC4） sheet was processed and the joint microstructure as well as the welding process were studied. The results show that brittle reaction layer which was mainly composed of TiCu, Ti2Cu, Ti2Cu3 and TiCu2formed at the weld fusion line, regardless of welding on the middle or on the Cu side. The mechanical properties of the joint were severely deteriorated by the layer that tensile strength was only 89. 4 MPa for welding on the Cu side. The microstructure of the joint was improved with pure nickel as filler metal for the electron beam welding. The weld was mainly composed of solid solution. Intermetallic compound phase decreased signifwantly in fusion line compared with the joint without filler metal. The mechanical properties of the joint were obviously improved that the average tensile strength was 205.2 MPa and the bending strength was 413.3 MPa with O. 5 mm offset of electron beam on the Cu side.     

TZM钼合金钨极氩弧焊工艺及焊接接头组织

针对TZM钼合金,研究了钨极氩弧(TIG)焊工艺中不同焊接电流对焊接品质的影响,分析了焊接接头的显微组织及性能。结果表明,当TIG焊焊接电流为210 A,焊接速度4 mm/s,氩气流量8～12 L/min时,可获得品质优良的焊缝。焊接接头组织主要由焊缝中心粗大的柱状晶及热影响区的等轴晶组成,取代了母材的片层状纤维织构,削弱了材料的强度,改善了材料的塑性。     

Technology of welding and properties of welded joints of new bainitic and martensitic steels with creep-resistant steels

This paper shows the results of welding tests used so far on high-temperature creep resistant steels and new bainitic and martensitic steels. The positive results of this research allowed the elaboration of a welding procedure specification that was ultimately approved by TÜV. This then allowed the SEFAKO Company to attempt welding of the latest generation boiler steels for use under heavy conditions.     

Investigation of the structure and mechanical properties of welded joints in steels of the K56 strength grade in different welding conditions

The results of investigations of the effect of the welding conditions of manual arc welding on the structure and mechanical properties of the welded joints in low-carbon, low-alloyed pipe steels of the K56 strength grade are presented. It is shown that in welding in different combinations of welding current and welding speed, the superheated zone of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is characterized by the formation of ferrite and pearlite in the form of grains and Widmanstätten structure. The experiment planning method is used to determine the regression dependences of the hardness and impact toughness of the metal of the superheated zone on the controllable welding parameters.     

Structural heredity in low-carbon martensitic steels

The reason for the development of low-carbon martensitic steels (LCMS) is the absence of universal and comparatively inexpensive structural iron alloys combining high mechanical properties with processibility. Hardening of LCMS commonly includes heating above Ac ₃ (930 – 950°C) and air-cooling. The present paper studies the possibility of heat hardening after heating in the intercritical temperature range, the role of special carbides in realization of structural heredity, the laws of formation of structure, and the properties of commercial LCMS of grades 10Kh3GNM and 12Kh2G2NMFT.     

不同组织超细化预处理下的异种钢超塑焊接

通过对40Cr/T10A钢试样及试样待焊面表层分别实施盐浴加热循环淬火、高频淬火及激光淬火的组织超细化预处理,探讨了钢待焊表面组织对40Cr/T10A异材恒温超塑焊(ISSW) 工艺及接头质量的影响.试验结果表明,钢待焊表面组织对ISSW接头的形成有重要影响.待焊面组织越细,ISSW所需焊接温度向低温区移动,初始应变速率向高应变速率区域移动,ISSW所需时间越短;即使待焊双方一方实施组织超细化,也可实现接头抗拉强度达到40Cr母材的强度,但ISSW所需压接时间稍长.ISSW属小变形焊接,接头变形主要集中在原界面附近的淬火区,且T10A侧的变形均大于40Cr侧.     

Structural heredity in low-carbon martensitic steels

The reason for the development of low-carbon martensitic steels (LCMS) is the absence of universal and comparatively inexpensive structural iron alloys combining high mechanical properties with processibility. Hardening of LCMS commonly includes heating above Ac₃ (930 – 950°C) and air-cooling. The present paper studies the possibility of heat hardening after heating in the intercritical temperature range, the role of special carbides in realization of structural heredity, the laws of formation of structure, and the properties of commercial LCMS of grades 10Kh3GNM and 12Kh2G2NMFT.     

Special features of the formation of welded joints in vertical laser-arc welding of low-alloy steels

ABSTRACT

Investigations were carried out into the special features of the technology of vertical laser-arc welding of large structures made of high-strength and low-alloy steels with a variable welding gap and a large root face.

The parameters of the conditions of vertical laser-arc welding of root passes in the low-alloy steel 30–40 mm thick with a root face of 10 mm (welding speed, the amplitude and frequency of transverse oscillations, the intensity of welding current, arc voltage, laser radiation power) resulting in the formation of high-quality welded joints are determined. The experimental results show that the laser radiation power, required for producing continuous penetration of the root face, depends on the thickness of the parent metal: for the metal thickness of 14–30 mm the sufficient laser radiation power is 3.8 kW, for a thickness of 40 mm it is no less than 4.6 kW to penetrate a depth of 5 mm.

The welded joints have a fine-dispersed acicular structure of the martensitic – bainitic type. The experimental results were used to develop a technology of welding of low-alloy steels of different thickness using robotic equipment.