巨噬细胞在种植体骨结合及早期失败的研究进展

随着现代化医疗技术的完善和发展,种植牙成功率已经越来越高.然而,种植失败仍有发生,早期失败则在其中占了很大的比重.异物反应是宿主识别外来植入物发生的免疫反应,然而过度异物反应引起的纤维包封以及种植体表面的腐蚀则会阻碍骨结合,导致种植体早期失败.作为参与异物反应的主要免疫细胞,巨噬细胞可以在不同的刺激下被诱导分化成M1型...     

咬合与种植体骨结合

种植体成功的前提，是形成骨结合，而种植体是要承担修复体的咬合力的。本文就咬合在骨结合形成和骨结合改建中的作用以及骨结合种植的咬合特征作一综述。     

Hippo⁃YAP信号轴介导骨免疫调节种植体骨结合的研究进展

理想的骨结合与种植体周围良好的骨免疫特性密切相关,越来越多的体内外研究发现Hippo?YAP信号通路参与了这一生物学进程。本文就Hippo?YAP信号轴介导的种植体周骨免疫效应作一综述。目前研究表明,Hippo?YAP信号轴可能通过调节成骨相关细胞的成骨分化和巨噬细胞的极化方向影响种植体周骨免疫微环境,从而在调控种植体骨结合进程中发挥作用。此外,笔者还对Hippo?YAP信号在调控成骨相关细胞成骨行为和巨噬细胞极化方向中的作用差异分别进行了分析,这种差异可能与成骨相关细胞成熟度和巨噬细胞的异质性等因素有关。未来的研究可以更关注Hippo?YAP促进成骨的条件和调控免疫微环境的内在规律。     

骨结合种植体骨界面组织学三维重建研究进展

种植与骨界面的骨结合被认为是骨内种植体成功的标志,而骨界面组织学的研究多为二维图像,计算机三维重建技术可以从立体角度多层次,多方位地进行研究,可以得到直观的种植与体骨界面各部位形态的计算机图像,同时获得种植周转各部位的骨结合楷。     

聚四氟乙烯膜在即时植入的种植体与骨结合过程中的作用

通过Ｘ线照片，光镜、电镜观察，对聚四氟乙烯膜在即时植入的种植体与骨界面结合中的作用进行了探讨，结果表明膜能促进即时植入的种植体周围骨生长，缩短种植周期，值得临床推广应用。     

Trausim种植体植入早期骨结合性能评价

目的:研究Trausim骨内种植体植入早期骨改建过程,检测该骨内种植体的骨结合性能,为其表面处理技术的改进及临床应用提供依据。方法:全麻下拔除14条成年Labrador犬双侧下颌第一前磨牙至第一磨牙(PM1-M1),待拔牙创愈合3个月后,每条犬双侧下颌骨植入6颗骨内种植体,其中一侧为实验组,植入Trausim种植体3颗;对侧为对照组,植入Straumann种植体3颗,非埋入式缝合。实验犬分别于2、4、8、12周处死,取含种植体的骨块,经处理后,行硬组织切片。染色后,行组织学检查,计算骨-种植体结合率(bone-implant contact,BIC%)。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果:84颗种植体在植入时都取得了良好的初期稳定性,愈合良好,无脱落。骨-种植体结合率在8周时达到最高值,Trausim种植体为71.64%±6.66%,Straumann种植体为72.98%±8.97%。第12周稍有降低,达到稳定。2种种植体在不同时期的骨结合率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:Trausim种植体在植入早期愈合过程与Straumann种植体骨结合率相似,为其临床应用奠定了坚实基础。     

脉冲电磁场与种植体的骨结合

口腔种植修复技术日益广泛应用于临床,如何进一步提高种植体的骨结合一直是国内外学者研究的主要课题.大量实验研究显示局部应用脉冲电磁场可促进种植体周围骨的重建,提高种植体的骨结合.本文通过细胞实验研究、动物实验研究和临床应用三个方面综述了脉冲电磁场促进种植体骨结合愈合的研究进展.     

骨康散对骨质疏松症种植体周围骨结合影响作用实验研究

目的：观察中药骨康散Ⅱ号对去势大鼠(骨质疏松模型)骨的代谢及种植体与骨结合情况。方法：制作去势大鼠(骨质疏松模型)模型，植入种植体，同时给予骨康散Ⅱ号灌胃，观察骨康散Ⅱ号对种植体周围骨代谢、骨微观结构的影响。结果：实验组去势大鼠较对照组血中骨钙素水平显著性下降；骨与种植体结合更连续，紧密，矿化程度更高。结论：骨康散Ⅱ号能有效抑制去势大鼠高转换型骨量丧失，促进种植体周围新骨的形成和矿化。缩短种植体与骨的愈合时间，提高骨结合的质量，对闭经期骨质疏松有一定的治疗作用。     

种植体骨结合中生物学过程与分子调控机制的研究进展

以骨结合为重要生物学基础的种植修复因其无损邻牙且功能和美学效果好等优点已逐渐成为越来越多失牙患者的选择.种植修复的成功在很大程度上依赖于牙槽骨内种植体的稳定结合,其中骨结合的早期阶段不仅具有活跃的分子事件而且对种植体的初期稳定性起着至关重要的作用,所以被广泛研究.这一阶段涉及的生物学过程直接受到种植体周围细胞、信号分子...     

Correlation between microtomography and histomorphometry for assessment of implant osseointegration

Microtomographic techniques are widely used for studying the trabecular architectures in the orthopedics and elucidation of tooth micromorphology in the field of dentistry. Its application to assess the osseointegration of dental implants has been studied as a non-invasive method, contrary to several conventional methods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of microtomography as a tool for assessing osseointegration. Twenty-four titanium dental implants (3.75 mm in diameter and 7 mm in total length) were installed in the tibia of New Zealand white rabbits, and retrieved with the surrounding bone after 3 months. The specimens were analyzed by three-dimensional microtomogram images (Skyscan 1074) and compared with the conventional histomorphography. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.855, which means the two data sources are significantly correlated statistically. To predict the histomorphometric data using microtomographic data, a linear regression model was applied. These results showed some promise of using microtomograms for non-invasive osseointegration assessment if the methods can be calibrated more precisely by further study.     

补肾中药合剂促进牙种植体骨结合体内试验

目的：用组织病理学、影像学方法评估补肾中药合剂对牙种植骨结合的效果。方法：12只兔子随机分成二组,均在其胫骨顶端植入纯钛种植体,一组饲料中加入补肾中药合剂,另一组饲料中没加入任何药物,30天、60天后处死免子,分别用组织病理学及影像学方法评估种植体骨结合的情况。结果：试验组的病理学及影像学结果明显优于对照组;结论：补肾中药合剂能促进种植体骨结合。     

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如何促进和加快骨结合的形成,确保种植体稳定而持久的功能一直是近年来学者研究的目标。为了使种植体获得更优异的性能,学者们在对种植体进行表面改性的基础上发现一些微量元素在骨结合中具有重要作用。本文就微量元素在种植体骨结合中作用机制、应用情况及研究现状做一综述。     

The effect of thread pattern upon implant osseointegration

Objectives: Implant design features such as macro‐ and micro‐design may influence overall implant success. Limited information is currently available. Therefore, it is the purpose of this paper to examine these factors such as thread pitch, thread geometry, helix angle, thread depth and width as well as implant crestal module may affect implant stability. Search Strategy: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE to identify studies, from simulated laboratory models, animal, to human, related to this topic using the keywords of implant thread, implant macrodesign, thread pitch, thread geometry, helix angle, thread depth, thread width and implant crestal module. Results: The results showed how thread geometry affects the distribution of stress forces around the implant. A decreased thread pitch may positively influence implant stability. Excess helix angles in spite of a faster insertion may jeopardize the ability of implants to sustain axial load. Deeper threads seem to have an important effect on the stabilization in poorer bone quality situations. The addition of threads or microthreads up to the crestal module of an implant might provide a potential positive contribution on bone‐to to‐implant contact as well as on the preservation of marginal bone; nonetheless this remains to be determined. Conclusions: Appraising the current literature on this subject and combining existing data to verify the presence of any association between the selected characteristics may be critical in the achievement of overall implant success. To cite this article:
Abuhussein H, Pagni G, Rebaudi A, Wang H‐L. The effect of thread pattern upon implant osseointegration.
Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21 , 2010; 129–136.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01800.x     

The effect of low-magnitude high-frequency loading on peri-implant bone healing and implant osseointegration in Beagle dogs

Purpose

Low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) loading plays an important role in bone healing. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of LMHF loading applied directly to titanium dental implants on peri-implant bone healing and implant osseointegration.

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种植体与骨形成良好的骨结合界面是种植义齿修复成功的重要标志之一,而动物实验是评价种植体与骨结合界面的重要手段,其中犬牙槽骨是研究牙种植体植入的理想部位之一。本文就犬牙槽骨内植入种植体的实验方法及种植体与骨结合情况的评价方法做一综述。