BEPCⅡ直线加速器相控系统PAD的研制

相位和幅度测量是BEPCⅡ直线加速器相控系统中最重要的部分之一. 基于模拟和 数字I/Q解调器, 构建了两种PAD, 并分别在实验室和速调管长廊进行了测试. 基于LMS方法的校准算法用于补偿模拟I/Q解调器的各种不匹配误差. 实验 证明, 两种PAD都能正常稳定地运行, 可以满足相控系统对相位和幅度测量的要求.     

I/Q方法用于高频信号鉴相

在加速器高频相位控制环路中, 相位检测是影响控制精度的关键环节. 讨论了两种将I/Q技术用于高频信号鉴相的方法. 具体内容包括数学算法的研究和硬件系统的搭建. 两种方法分别是: 1) 利用I/Q解调模块、AD采集卡和数字处理技术进行鉴相; 2) 直接数字I/Q方法. 在第一种方法中, 提出了一种可行的、针对I/Q模块固有误差的修正算法. 第二种方法, 通过对参考相位进行(2π/N)步进调制, 获得I, Q分量. 两种鉴相方法都达到了误差<0.5°.     

相位敏感光时域反射系统的时钟同源I/Q解调方法

提出一种基于时钟同源I/Q解调的相位敏感光时域反射系统解调方法.分析了调制信号与混频信号非同源不一致对解调结果的影响,采用声光调制器调制信号、斩波信号与I/Q混频信号时钟同源的方法以消除残余频率的影响.实验采用双压电陶瓷作为扰动源,通过I/Q解调实时获得后向瑞利散射光幅值和相位,进而实现扰动的定位和还原.实验结果表明,该系统能有效地探测到5km和9km处的正弦扰动,定位信号信噪比分别达17.8dB和16dB,相位解调结果准确还原正弦扰动,与正弦曲线的拟合系数分别为0.994和0.991,均方根误差分别为0.116和0.141.实验进一步验证了该方法能够测得不同扰动幅度下的相位正弦变化曲线,并能准确得到不同扰动频率,且扰动位置处相位变化幅度与扰动强度具有良好的线性关系,线性拟合系数达0.992,均方根误差为0.499,均优于非同源解调结果.     

用3×3耦合器的干涉仪直接解调光纤光栅传感器的信号

为了简单直接地解调出光纤光栅的波长移动 ,提出了另外一种非平衡马赫曾德尔干涉仪的直接解调技术。用一只 2× 2耦合器和一只 3× 3耦合器组成非平衡的马赫曾德尔光纤干涉仪 ,作为光纤光栅的波长移动解调器。解调器输出的 3路信号 ,互成 12 0°相位差。通过对 3路输出信号计算的方法 ,就可以直接解调出光纤光栅的波长移动。将 3路信号采集送入计算机 ,用软件实现了信号的解调。测量结果表明 ,在干涉仪两臂长度相关 5mm时 ,测量动态应变的分辨率达到了 0 5 1nε/Hz1/2 。还得到了输出信号的频谱和输入输出信号的关系。     

双调制深度大线性动态范围自适应PDH稳频方法

针对Pound-Drever-Hall(PDH)技术存在的线性动态范围窄、抗干扰能力弱的问题,提出一种基于双调制深度+双误差信号的PDH稳频方法。首先采用数字正交解调技术精确提取干涉信号相位以实现本振信号相位和干涉信号相位的自动匹配;然后利用透射功率信号P_tran和传统误差信号S_PDH构建一个新误差信号S_pre,以扩大PDH稳频系统的线性动态范围;接着,采用大调制深度对应的新误差信号S_pre实现快速捕获和预锁定;最后,采用小调制深度对应的误差信号S_PDH实现精确锁定。锁定后,可根据P_tran幅值变化自动切换调制深度和误差信号,实现大线性动态范围和高灵敏度的PDH稳频。研制了基于现场可编辑逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的稳频控制系统,对法布里-珀罗腔进行了锁定测试。实验结果表明,双调制深度+双误差信号的自适应锁定机制可极大地提高锁定系统的抗干扰能力,且锁定精度高,3小时腔长相对稳定度达5.72×10^-9,所提方法可以广泛应用于激光频率/谐振腔锁...     

强流质子RFQ加速器高频数字低电平控制系统

强流质子RFQ加速器加速场的频率为352.2 MHz,加速场幅度和相位的精度分别要求控制在±1%和±1°的范围,为了达到这一要求,设计了一套数字低电平控制系统,该系统包括加速场的幅度和相位控制、腔体的谐振频率控制和高功率射频连锁保护3个部分。腔体采样信号的下变频及反馈激励信号的上变频由模拟器件来完成。幅相实时反馈处理过程采用数字I/Q解调的方法,在1块stratixⅡ的FPGA板上实现,板上另有3块DSP用于通信和协助FPGA进行数据处理。系统完成后与RFQ加速器进行联机调试,测试结果基本满足控制精度的要求。     

100.8 km大动态零差相干微波光子传输链路

针对微波通信、超视距雷达和有线电视系统等军民应用需求,为了实现光载射频信号的大动态远距离传输,提出了基于光学锁相环与粒子群算法的零差相干微波光子传输链路技术。该链路前端采用零差光锁相环实现了本振光对信号光的相位跟踪锁定,抑制了锁相带宽内的激光器频率漂移和相位噪声以及长距离光纤导致的相噪恶化,同时平衡探测方式消除了直流分量相关相对强度噪声;通过分析链路前端非线性失真来源,在后端数字处理单元利用粒子群算法寻找最佳非线性失真纠正系数,并对I/Q两路数字信号进行延时匹配、幅相均衡以及线性相位解调,实现了100 MHz频段内射频信号的大动态远距离(≥120 dB·Hz^2/3和100.8 km)传输。     

激光动态角度测量系统研究

本文介绍了-种可以动态测量角度的激光测试系统。其测角分辨率为0.0025°;测角范围为±45°;测角速度为100°/s.     

用于PZT调制干涉仪的外触发式差动数字鉴相技术

基于相位测量的外差干涉系统以其信号处理方面的优势在光学计量领域得到了广泛的应用。介绍了采用机械调制方法的差动单频干涉系统的干涉信号小数级次的相位测量实现方法。针对机械调制干涉系统的信号有相位跃变点且周期不均匀的特点 ,提出了利用外触发信号对干涉信号进行整周期截取而后再鉴相的方法。研制了基于 FPGA的外触发式差动数字鉴相系统。实验测试表明 ,该鉴相系统在信号频率为 30 0 Hz～ 10 k Hz范围内达到的指标为 :示值稳定性优于± 0 .0 15°,极限偏差小于± 0 .0 7°     

载波相位偏差对光纤检波器解调的影响

在基于外差方案的干涉型光纤检波器中,正交载波的获取是其中的一个重要环节。谐波失真和相对幅度误差是评价解调信号质量的重要指标,正交载波之间存在的相位偏差会导致解调信号的谐波失真和相对幅度误差增大。分析了正交载波的相位偏差与解调结果的谐波失真、相对幅度误差之间的关系,运用级数分解和贝塞尔函数展开式进行数学推导,并进行了仿真验证。分析结果表明,正交载波的相位偏差与谐波失真/相对幅度误差呈正相关,当要求谐波失真优于-40dB、相对幅度误差小于1%时,需要控制相位偏差在1.6×10-2 rad以下。最后搭建了实验测试系统,实验结果验证了理论的正确性。     

PAD Design for the Phasing System of BEPCⅡ Linac

Phase and amplitude measurement is one of the most important issues for the phasing system of BEPCⅡ linac. Two kinds of PAD, based on analog and digital I/Q demodulator respectively, have been constructed and tested in both laboratory and the klystron gallery of BEPCⅡ linac. A calibration algorithm based on LMS method is used to compensate the mismatches of the analog I/Q demodulator. Experiments show that both kinds of PAD run stably and can meet the requirements of the phasing system.     

Instantaneous frequency measurement using two parallel I/Q modulators based on optical power monitoring

A scheme for instantaneous frequency measurement(IFM)using two parallel I/Q modulators based on optical power monitoring is proposed.The amplitude comparison function(ACF)can be constructed to establish the relationship between the frequency of radio frequency(RF)signal and the power ratio of two optical signals output by two I/Q modulators.The frequency of RF signal can be derived by measuring the optical power of the optical signals output by two I/Q modulators.The measurement range and measurement error can be adjusted by controlling the delay amount of the electrical delay line.The feasibility of the scheme is verified,and the corresponding measurement range and measurement error of the system under different delay amounts of the electrical delay line are given.Compared with previous IFM schemes,the structure of this scheme is simple.Polarization devices,a photodetector and an electrical power meter are not used,which reduces the impact of the environmental disturbance on the system and the cost of the system.In simulation,the measurement range can reach 0 GHz-24.5 GHz by adjusting the delay amount of the electrical delay lineτ=20 ps.The measurement error of the scheme is better at low frequency,and the measurement error of low frequency 0 GHz-9.6 GHz can reach-0.1 GHz to+0.05 GHz.     

像面数字全息的重建相位误差分析和改善

像面数字全息是数字全息技术中常用的测量和成像方式,它通常采用离散傅里叶变换和频率滤波的方法进行物光波的重建.本文讨论了这些算法对重建相位的影响.首先分析了频谱泄露对于相位误差的影响,结果表明当采样周期为整数时,重建相位误差很小,因此具有极高的相位重建精度;而当不满足整周期采样时,相位重建误差有了明显的增加.为了改善频谱泄露所引起的相位误差,采用Hanning函数对数字全息图进行了预处理,结果表明Hanning窗的加入能够有效地提高重建相位的准确程度.     

Full-band direct-conversion receiver with enhanced port isolation and I/Q phase balance using microwave photonic I/Q mixer

A full-band direct-conversion receiver using a microwave photonic in-phase and quadrature(I/Q) mixer is proposed and experimentally evaluated in terms of radio frequency(RF) range, port isolation, phase imbalance,conversion gain, noise figure, spurious-free dynamic range, and error vector magnitude. The proposed microwave photonic I/Q mixer shows significant advantages in local oscillator leakage and I/Q phase imbalance over entire RF bands, which are recognized as major drawbacks of conventional direct-conversion receivers.     

A novel interferometric vibration measurement sensor with quadrature detection based on 1/8 wave plate

In-phase and quadrature-phase (I/Q) signals often need to be formed in the laser interferometric vibration measurement technique. To avoid the disadvantages of traditional I/Q signals forming methods such as effect of piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) for generating high frequency carrier, or optical configuration with complicated structure, a novel interferometric vibration measurement sensor with quadrature detection is proposed. The sensor utilizes simple optical configuration which contains 1/8 wave plate to generate two I/Q signals, then the signals were processed by arctangent algorithm which is compiled by Labview software through data acquisition card. Theoretical analysis and experimental Lissajous figures synthesis prove the phase orthogonality of the two signals. The experimental results indicate that the system can measure the vibration displacement accurately.     

Novel high-sensitivity coherent transceiver for optical DPSK/DQPSK signals based on heterodyne detection and electrical delay interferometer

We present a novel coherent transceiver for optical differential phase-shift keying/differential quadrature phase-shift keying （DPSK/DQPSK） signals based on heterodyne detection and electrical delay interferometer. A simulation framework is provided to predict a theoretical sensitivity level for the reported scheme. High sensitivity of -45.18 dBm is achieved for 2.5-Gb/s return-to-zero （RZ）-DPSK signal, and high sensitivities of -36.83 dBm （I tributary） and -35.90 dBm （Q tributary） are observed for 2.5-GBaud/s RZ-DQPSK signal in back-to-back configuration. Transmission for both signals over 100 km is also investigated. Experimental results are discussed and analyzed.     

基于可调光延迟线的光子学微波频率测量

提出了一种基于可调光延迟线的光子学微波频率测量方法.经同一微波信号调制的两个不同波长光载波在经过一段可调色散介质传输后,解调输出两路具有不同相位的微波信号,得到的相干微波功率随着色散量的改变出现周期性变化,由此周期可得到输入微波频率值.采用由8个磁光开关和1.6 km单模光纤构成的7-bit光纤延迟线实现色散量的调节....     

ADC border effect and suppression of quantization error in the digital dynamic measurement

The digital measurement and processing is an important direction in the measurement and control field. The quantization error widely existing in the digital processing is always the decisive factor that restricts the development and applications of the digital technology. In this paper, we find that the stability of the digital quantization system is obviously better than the quantization resolution. The application of a border effect in the digital quantization can greatly improve the accuracy of digital processing. Its effective precision has nothing to do with the number of quantization bits, which is only related to the stability of the quantization system. The high precision measurement results obtained in the low level quantization system with high sampling rate have an important application value for the progress in the digital measurement and processing field.     

Heterodyne interferometer scheme using a double pass in an acousto-optic modulator

We introduce a heterodyne interferometer scheme utilizing the double-pass arrangement of the deflected beams of an acousto-optic modulator. To prove our new idea, the interferometer has been applied for measuring small amplitude vibrations. The output intermediate frequency signal from the interferometer is processed by using an I/Q demodulator. In theory, it can provide the quantum noise limited sensitivity, whereas, in our present Letter, the sensitivity of the phase measurement is limited by the resolution of the 16?bit A/D converter used for processing the I/Q signals. Details of our interferometer scheme are discussed.