可重构制造系统的可重构控制器

可重构控制器是可重构制造系统的重要组成部分之一。该文提出了可重构控制器的体系结构。分析了实现可重构制造系统的可重构控制的方法。仿真研究表明可重构控制是实现可重构制造系统控制系统可重构的有效方法。     

A systematic approach for product families formation in Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems

The aim of this work is to establish a methodology for an effective working of Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMSs). These systems are the next step in manufacturing, allowing the production of any quantity of highly customised and complex products together with the benefits of mass production. In RMSs, products are grouped into families, each of which requires a system configuration. The system is configured to produce the first family of products. Once it is finished, the system is reconfigured in order to produce the second family, and so forth. Therefore, the effectiveness of a RMS depends on the formation of the best set of product families. Therefore, a methodology for grouping products into families, which takes into account the requirements of products in RMSs, is an issue of core importance. These requirements are modularity, commonality, compatibility, reusability, and product demand. The methodology starts by calculating, for each product requirement, a matrix that summarises the similarity between pairs of products. Then, through the use of the AHP methodology, a unique matrix that comprises the similarity values between products is obtained. The Average Linkage Clustering algorithm is applied to this matrix in order to obtain a dendogram that shows the diverse sets of product families that may be formed.     

A Framework for Run-time Reconfigurable Systems

We present a framework for run-time reconfigurable systems. The framework provides a methodology and a design representation which allow to plug in different design and implementation tools. Front-end tools cover design capture, temporal partitioning and scheduling; back-end tools provide reconfiguration control, communication channel generation, estimation, and the final code composition. This paper elaborates on two of the framework's main issues: First, we discuss the design representation comprising aspects of the problem, the target architecture, and the communication channels. Second, we present a hierarchical approach to reconfiguration control in multi-FPGA systems.     

一种多核动态可重配置处理器设计

动态可重配置技术因其所具有的高性能，低功耗和高度灵活性等特点，已经成为研究的热点。本文从动态可重配置处理器技术的基本概念，产生背景，实现方案分类等方面进行了介绍。提出了一种多核动态可重配置处理器设计方案。并简述了该技术目前存在的问题，展望了未来的研究方向。     

计算机体系结构的新发展：通用重构计算技术

重构计算技术在众多的专用应用领域具有通用计算机技术所无法比拟的性能。现在，通过将通用计算机与重构计算硬件结合，可以进行有效的通用重构计算。     

基于中间件的动态重配置容错对象管理框架

该文从容错QoS角度出发,为现有的基于中间件的容错对象管理框架增加自适应特性．首先把动态童配置定义成容错属性集（及其实现）、计算环境和资源变化描述、动态调整算法三者之间的互动关系,然后采用反射模型和发布／订阅模型建立了一个动态重配置管理框架,可以使系统在发现计算环境的变化、定制动态调整算法等多方面得到有力的支持,为系统有效实施动态重配置奠定了基础．     

A Dynamic Integrated Framework for Software Process Improvement

Current software process models (CMM, SPICE, etc.) strongly recommend the application of statistical control and measure guides to define, implement, and evaluate the effects of different process improvements. However, whilst quantitative modeling has been widely used in other fields, it has not been considered enough in the field of software process improvement. During the last decade software process simulation has been used to address a wide diversity of management problems. Some of these problems are related to strategic management, technology adoption, understanding, training and learning, and risk management, among others. In this work a dynamic integrated framework for software process improvement is presented. This framework combines traditional estimation models with an intensive utilization of dynamic simulation models of the software process. The aim of this framework is to support a qualitative and quantitative assessment for software process improvement and decision making to achieve a higher software development process capability according to the Capability Maturity Model. The concepts underlying this framework have been implemented in a software process improvement tool that has been used in a local software organization. The results obtained and the lessons learned are also presented in this paper.     

一种基于过程级编程模型的可重构片上系统设计方法

可重构片上系统是一种兼具功能灵活性与高运算速度的新型计算平台,是面向未来嵌入式应用市场复杂需求的技术解决方案,但复杂、困难的设计过程必将阻碍它的广泛应用与进一步发展.针对当前可重构片上系统设计过程中编程不透明、可重构资源难以有效利用等问题,结合可编程器件能够根据应用特性动态配置芯片体系结构的特点,提出并实现了一套基于过程级透明编程模型的软硬件协同设计方法.在编程模型框架内,系统设计人员通过调用已根据应用特性进行优化的软硬件协同函数库,即可利用高级语言完成系统功能描述;动态软硬件划分算法在程序运行时对其进行划分,选择、调度需要转换到软件或硬件实现的库函数,并通过动态链接器实时切换函数的运行方式,从而形成一个由功能描述到系统实现的自动化流程.实验及测试结果验证了该方法的可行性和高效性.     

Reconfigurable Control Structure for Robots in Assembly

The increased use of changeable characteristics in modern manufacturing and robotic systems and applications call for improved system control design that offers some degree of reconfigurability. The need for control reconfiguration of robotic systems arises due to some inherent characteristics of the robotic system, variations of robot parameters due to environmental changes, major task changes typical in production changeover or manufacturing system reconfiguration, or geometry changes due to the reconfiguration of modular manipulators. In this paper, a reconfigurable controller, the Supervisory Control Switching System (SCSS), is proposed to meet the new on-line demands for changeability in robotic systems. The SCSS is capable of selecting the most suitable controller for a particular task or situation, from separate controllers designed a priori. The applicability and effectiveness of the developed switching control scheme have been illustrated through computer simulations of an AdeptOne SCARA manipulators carrying out assembly tasks.     

可重构指令集计算机综述

简要介绍了可重构指令集计算机的体系结构、特征、以及发展状况,并在指令重构的基础上对目前可重构指令集计算机面临的问题作了一些讨论。     

Reconfigurable processing for satellite on-board automatic cloud cover assessment

Clouds have a critical role in many studies such as weather- and climate-related investigations. However, they represent a source of errors in many applications, and the presence of cloud contamination can hinder the use of satellite data. In addition, sending cloudy data to ground stations can result in an inefficient utilization of the communication bandwidth. This requires satellite on-board cloud detection capability to mask out cloudy pixels from further processing. Remote sensing satellite missions have always required smaller size, lower cost, more flexibility, and higher computational power. Reconfigurable Computers (RCs) combine the flexibility of traditional microprocessors with the power of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Therefore, RCs are a promising candidate for on-board preprocessing. This paper presents the design and implementation of an RC-based real-time cloud detection system. We investigate the potential of using RCs for on-board preprocessing by prototyping the Landsat 7 ETM+ ACCA algorithm on one of the state-of-the-art reconfigurable platforms, SRC-6. It will be shown that our work provides higher detection accuracy and over one order of magnitude improvement in performance when compared to previously reported investigations.

A process-driven computing model for reconfigurable semiconductor manufacturing

Reconfigurability is essential for semiconductor manufacturing systems to remain competitive. Reconfigurable systems avoid costly modifications required to change and adapt to changes in product, production and services. A fully automated, collaborative, and integrated while reconfigurable manufacturing system proves cost-effective in the long term and is a promising strategy for the semiconductor manufacturing industry. However, there is a lack of computing models to facilitate the design and development of control and management systems in a truly reconfigurable manner. This paper presents an innovative computing model for reconfigurable systems and controlled manufacturing processes while allowing for the integration of modern technologies to facilitate reconfiguration, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) and reconfigurable field programmable gate array (FPGA). Shop floor manufacturing activities are modeled as processes from a business perspective. A process-driven formal method that builds on prior research on virtual production lines is proposed for the formation of a reconfigurable cross-facility manufacturing system. The trajectory of the controlled manufacturing systems is optimized for on-demand production services. Reconfigurable process controllers are introduced in support of the essential system reconfigurability of future semiconductor manufacturing systems. Implementation of this approach is also presented.     

大规模动态发布/订阅系统中的重配置管理

重配置特性使得发布/订阅P/S(Publish/Subscribe)系统适应高度动态的环境,现有的P/S系统通常不能动态地改变既定的操作,适应影响事件代理框架的拓扑结构的变化。提出了一种大规模动态P/S系统中重配置管理的新途径——RS3DS(reconfigurable sparse 3dimensional space)模型。基于RS3DS中代理拆分和合并过程,分析了RS3DS中订阅表的重配置策略。结果表明RS3DS具有低的重配置开销和高的事件交付率。     

一种基于可重构理论的智能仪器设计方案

随着在系统可编程技术的发展,本文对一种基于在系统可编程器件的新型智能仪器结构进行了研究和设计。介绍了一种基于可重构理论的智能仪器的设计思想,将可重构技术引入仪器设计中,使仪器功能实现重构。重点讨论了可重构硬件控制系统的实现,包括可重构智能仪器的系统架构以及多任务的调用,并给出了试验方案和实验结果。     

Vforce: An Extensible Framework for Reconfigurable Supercomputing

Reconfigurable supercomputer architectures require new programming tools that support application portability. The Vforce framework, based on the object-oriented VSIPL++ standard, encapsulates hardware-specific implementations behind a standard API, thus insulating application-level code from hardware-specific details     

Reconfigurable predictive control for redundantly actuated systems with parameterised input constraints

A method is proposed for on-line reconfiguration of the terminal constraint used to provide theoretical nominal stability guarantees in linear model predictive control (MPC). By parameterising the terminal constraint, its complete reconstruction is avoided when input constraints are modified to accommodate faults. To enlarge the region of feasibility of the terminal control law for a certain class of input faults with redundantly actuated plants, the linear terminal controller is defined in terms of virtual commands. A suitable terminal cost weighting for the reconfigurable MPC is obtained by means of an upper bound on the cost for all feasible realisations of the virtual commands from the terminal controller. Conditions are proposed that guarantee feasibility recovery for a defined subset of faults. The proposed method is demonstrated by means of a numerical example.     

IMECO: A Reconfigurable FPGA-based Image Enhancement Co-Processor Framework

In this paper, we present a way to improve the computational speed of image contrast enhancement using low-cost FPGA-based hardware primarily targeted to X-ray images. In particular, we consider an enhancement method that consists of filtering followed by histogram modification. Filtering is done via the high boost filter (HBF) which is based on unsharp masking, and the histogram modification which is based on global histogram equalization (GHE). An image enhancement co-processor, IMECO, concept is proposed that enables efficient hardware implementation of enhancement procedures and hardware/software co-design to achieve high-performance low-cost solutions. The co-processor runs on an FPGA prototyping ISA-bus board. At this stage it consists of two hardware functional units that implement HBF and GHE and can be downloaded onto the board sequentially or reside on the board at the same time. These units represent an embryo of virtual hardware units that form a library of image enhancement algorithms. These algorithms can be easily integrated into software templates. In our trials with chest X-ray images, performance improvement over software-only implementations is more than two orders of magnitude, thus providing real-time or near-real-time image enhancement as required in target applications.     

基于自适应动态规划的矿渣微粉生产过程跟踪控制

矿渣微粉是一种新型绿色环保型建材,可以大大提高水泥混凝土的力学性能.本文以矿渣微粉生产过程为研究对象,针对该过程难以通过机理建模进行辨识和控制的特点,利用数据驱动的思想,建立矿渣微粉生产过程的递归神经网络模型.在此基础上,利用自适应动态规划,设计具有控制约束的跟踪控制器,并将其应用到矿渣微粉生产过程中.仿真分析表明,建立的数据驱动模型能够有效地辨识矿渣微粉生产过程,同时,本文提出的控制方法能够实现输入受限的微粉比表面积及磨内压差的最优跟踪控制.