填充吸波泡沫的碳纤维复合材料格栅结构吸波性能计算

采用空间回路网法计算得到填充吸波泡沫的碳纤维复合材料格栅结构的电磁散射性能。根据格栅结构的周期性排布特征,采用Floquet 定理分析结构的周期性边界条件,将计算模型简化为一个周期单元进行电磁场分布计算。通过计算结果分析结构在不同频率、不同单元体尺寸下的吸波性能。计算表明：对于含吸波泡沫的复合材料格栅结构,其吸波性能明显好于未填充结构;格栅单元中所填充的泡沫厚度以及泡沫体积分数是影响格栅结构吸波性能的2个主要因素。     

石墨泡沫混凝土的吸波性能研究

多功能化和低成本有利于建筑吸波材料的应用。在频率8～18GHz范围内,采用弓形反射法测试了掺加石墨的水泥基泡沫混凝土的吸波性能,研究了石墨掺量、发泡剂用量和试件厚度对石墨泡沫混凝土吸波性能的影响。结果表明,掺加石墨后,泡沫混凝土吸波性能逐渐增强,石墨泡沫混凝土吸波材料中石墨的逾渗阈值为水泥质量的15%;随着发泡剂用量增加,石墨泡沫混凝土反射率逐渐降低。厚度为30mm时,泡沫混凝土吸波性能最佳,当石墨掺量和发泡剂用量分别为水泥质量的15%和2.5%时,反射率降低至-15.64dB,<-10.0dB的带宽可达3.0GHz,导热系数低至0.083W/(m.K)。石墨泡沫混凝土具有良好的保温和吸波性能,可以浇注施工建筑物的屋面和墙体,同时实现建筑电磁辐射防护和建筑节能的目标。     

单向碳化硅纤维/环氧树脂复合材料吸波性能的研究

采用真空袋工艺制备了纤维体积分数为10%~40%的单向碳化硅纤维/环氧树脂复合材料,研究其力学性能和介电性能,计算其吸波性能和反射率。结果表明,在10%~25%范围内,随着碳化硅纤维体积分数的提高,复合材料的介电损耗实部、虚部及损耗角正切值均增大,反射率减少,即吸波能力增大;而在高于25%之后,就吸波能力而言,存在着最优纤维体积分数值;在纤维体积分数固定之后,就吸波能力而言,也存在着最佳的材料厚度;当复合材料的SiC纤维体积分数为25%、厚度为3 mm时,其在X波段内的反射率均低于-5dB,最低为-9.9dB,平均值为-7.8dB。     

羰基铁/三元乙丙橡胶复合材料的吸波性能

为了探明吸波材料的厚度、吸收剂的含量与吸波性能之间的关系,以羰基铁为吸收剂、三元乙丙橡胶为基体制备了复合橡胶吸波材料,采用矢量网络分析仪研究了在2.6~18 GHz范围内羰基铁含量和吸波材料厚度对吸波性能的影响,并利用电磁理论分析了吸波材料的吸波性能.对于3 mm吸波材料,当羰基铁体积分数为45%时,在3.5 GHz处其反射率的最小值达-21.7 dB;在羰基铁含量一定的条件下,微波吸收性能与吸波材料的厚度并不成正比关系,当厚度<2 mm时,吸波材料的吸波效果较差;当厚度>2 mm时,随着吸波材料厚度的增加,最大吸收峰的位置向低频移动,并且最大吸收峰的峰值和指定反射率的频率带宽也呈减小的趋势.在相同厚度下,随着羰基铁含量的增加,吸波材料在电磁波吸收峰处的反射率不断减小,而且吸波材料吸收峰的位置也向低频移动;输入阻抗与空气阻抗越接近,吸波材料的吸波性能越好.     

低电导率超材料的吸波性能研究

本文研究了由低电导率材料制备的超材料的吸波性能,通过仿真软件计算了不同电导率超材料吸波性能,研究了其变化规律,在复合材料基材上采用喷涂法制备了电导率为2.3×10~4 S/M的超材料结构,探究了不同基板厚度时超材料吸波体的吸波性能变化规律.仿真结果表明,低电导率材料在一定基材厚度下可以实现电磁波的高吸收,并且基材的厚度有最优值,这说明电导率也可以成为设计超材料的参数.制备的超材料基底材料厚度为2 mm时,其在7.8 GHz处实现了-23.2 dB的深吸收,实验规律与仿真结果相吻合.采用喷涂法有助于解决超材料在大曲率、复杂外形等部位难以应用的问题,为超材料的制备以及其大规模应用开辟了一个新的方向.     

双层结构碳团簇型微波隐身材料的吸波性能研究

通过微波隐身材料结构设计 ,采用密度较小的碳团簇型原料 ,制备得到了具有良好吸波性能的双层结构碳团簇型微波隐身涂层材料。该材料厚度为 (1.85± 0 .1)mm ,密度为 1.16g/cm3 ,在 8～ 12 .4GHz频率范围内 ,最小反射率达 -3 0dB ,其中反射率小于 -10dB的吸收带宽近 60 % ,且具有良好的吸波性能稳定性     

双层交换耦合电波吸收材料的研究

由永磁体和软磁性复合电波吸收材料制成双层交换耦合吸波材料，其吸波特性较两种单层吸波材料有较大提高：最大吸收量A从15－17dB提高到23．5dB，10dB带宽也由2．3－3．25GHz增加到3．75GHz，匹配厚度1．79mm。软磁层厚度的改变和两层间添加介质均对交换耦合效应有较大的影响，导电性能好的介质可大幅度提高双层交换耦合吸波材料的性能。     

复合非活性相的Li0.5La0.5TiO3固体电解质的制备和性能研究

采用高温固相法合成具有高离子电导率的固体电解质Li0.5La0.5TiO3（LLTO），并以LLTO为母体，通过复合非活性第二相SiO2制得一系列不同复合量的复合电解质。对样品进行XRD、SEM分析，并应用交流阻抗技术测试其电导率。母体LLTO为存在超结构的立方晶体，30℃时晶粒电导率为8．2×10^-4S／cm。两相复合后，SiO2以无定形相析出，样品中明显存在两相，在两相之间生成含有硅元素的新相，使晶界电导率明显提高，其中，在130℃时，LLTO复合15％（体积分数）SiO2样品的晶界电导率为5．02×10^-3S／cm，相对于纯LLTO样品提高了2．4倍。     

镍锌铁氧体的制备及其吸波性能的研究

利用溶胶直接自蔓延反应制备了镍锌铁氧体纳米粉末，采用XRD分析了其结构。以聚乙烯醇为基体（PVA）制备了炭黑，镍锌铁氧体复合材料吸波平板；采用矢量网络分析仪测量了其在2～18GHz频带上的吸波性能。结果表明：具有双层结构的炭黑，镍锌铁氧体复合材料具有较好的吸波效果，试样厚度为3mm；当面层镍锌铁氧体的质量分数为40％，底层炭粉的质量分数为20％时，在8～18GHz的测试频段范围内，复合材料最大吸收峰值为-15．7GHz，优于-6dB的有效带宽为6．4GHz；当底层炭粉的质量分数为15％时，复合材料最大吸收峰值为-13．6GHz，优于-6dB的有效带宽为8．2GHz。     

不同厚度的双层碳团簇型微波隐身材料性能研究

通过微波隐身材料结构设计,对不同厚度的双层碳团簇型微波隐身材料在8.2～12.4GHz频率范围内的吸波性能进行了研究.发现对于不同的厚度要求,要使材料具有良好的吸波性能,应选用具有不同电导率σ的碳团簇型材料.对于总厚度为4mm的材料,反射峰值-31.0dB,有效带宽为3.74GHz;对于变换层为1mm、吸收层为2mm、总厚度为3mm的材料,最小反射率为-40.0dB,有效带宽3.8GHz;对于变换层和吸收层分别为1mm的材料,最小反射率达-33dB,有效带宽为3.3GHz.同时发现,当变换层和吸收层厚度相等时,材料的排列顺序不同,所得的吸收效果会存在很大差异,即材料的方向性显著,而当两者厚度不等时,材料的吸波性能基本与其排列顺序无关,方向性不显著.     

短切中空多孔碳纤维复合材料的吸波性能

以中空多孔聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝为原料, 通过预氧化处理和碳化处理工艺制备了中空多孔碳纤维, 采用SEM和XRD对其微观结构和晶体结构进行了表征, 并对其吸波性能进行了分析. 研究结果表明, 中空多孔碳纤维是一种非石墨结构的电损耗型雷达波吸收剂; 随着短切中空多孔碳纤维体积分数的提高, 随机分布的纤维/石蜡复合吸波材料的介电常数随之增大; 用所得的电磁参数结果计算了不同厚度材料的反射率, 在2～18GHz频率范围内, 当体积分数为33.30%, 厚度为2mm时, 最低反射率为-21.36dB, 其中<-5dB的反射率带宽为5.17GHz, <-10dB的反射率带宽为2.88GHz.     

Microwave-absorbing properties of de-aggregated flake-shaped carbonyl-iron particle composites at 2-18 GHz

We have investigated the microwave-absorbing properties for different shapes and aggregated states of carbonyl-iron particles dispersed in epoxy resin matrix at various volume concentrations. Here, we discuss the requirements of lower reflection coefficient for the microwave permittivity /spl epsiv//sub r/=/spl epsiv/'-j/spl epsiv/' and permeability /spl mu//sub r/=/spl mu/'-j/spl mu/'. Compared to the aggregated sphere-shaped particles (SS), the de-aggregated flake-shaped carbonyl iron particles (FS) have higher permeability, lower permittivity, better filling characteristics in epoxy resin, and better absorbing properties in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz. For the FS composite with volume fraction of 0.60 at single-layer thickness of 1 mm, the calculated reflection loss at 2 GHz reaches -4.04 dB and the minimum reflection loss is -12.2 dB at 4.4 GHz, which indicates that the FS composite can be applied as a thinner microwave absorber in the S-band than if SS particles are used. The results also show that different volume concentrations can have high absorption at different wave bands, a fact on which the design of absorbing material can be based.     

Electromagnetic and absorption properties of carbonyl iron/rubber radar absorbing materials

We measured the effective complex magnetic permeability /spl mu//sub eff//sup */ and dielectric permittivity /spl epsiv//sub eff//sup */ spectra in rubber radar absorbing material (RAM) with various carbonyl iron volume fractions by using the transmission/reflection method with a vector network analyzer. We studied the effects of carbonyl iron content and rubber thickness on the microwave absorption properties in the frequency range of 2.6 to 18 GHz. Our mathematical analysis is based on electromagnetic theory. The results indicate that the effective complex magnetic permeability and dielectric permittivity values of the RAM increase as the carbonyl iron volume fraction increases. For sample thickness of 3.0 mm, an increase in carbonyl iron content reduces the minimum reflection loss from -1.3 to -23.9 dB and shifts the frequency of the minimum reflection loss from 15.5 to 3.5 GHz. For an equal volume fraction of carbonyl iron, the frequency of the minimum reflection loss decreases as the thickness is increased. However, the dip in the reflection loss plot (in decibels) initially decreases to a minimum value before it increases with a further increase in thickness. We determined the value of the reflection loss for the samples by the impedance matching degree (reflection coefficient), which depends on the thickness and composition of the RAM.     

镀镍碳纳米管的微波吸收性能研究

用竖式炉流动法制备了碳纳米管,碳纳米管的外径40nm～70nm,内径7nm～10nm,长度50μm～1000μm,呈直线型,用化学镀法在碳纳米管表面镀上了一层均匀的金属镍。碳纳米管吸波涂层在厚度为0.97mm时,在8GHz～18GHz,最大吸收峰在11.4GHz(R=-22.89dB),R<-10dB的频宽为3.0Hz,R<-5dB的频宽为4.7GHz。镀镍碳纳米管吸波涂层在相同厚度下,最大吸收峰在14GHz(R=-11.85dB),R<-10dB的频宽为2.23Hz,R<-5dB的频宽为4.6GHz。碳纳米管表面镀镍后虽然吸收峰值变小,但吸收峰有宽化的趋势,这种趋势对提高材料的吸波性能是有利的。碳纳米管作为偶极子在电磁场的作用下,会产生耗散电流,在周围基体作用下,耗散电流被衰减,从而雷达波能量被转换为其它形式的能量。     

Hierarchical composite of biomass derived magnetic carbon framework and phytic acid doped polyanilne with prominent electromagnetic wave absorption capacity

To solve the electromagnetic pollution,herein,a CoFe₂O₄/C/PANI composite was developed by a green route,which was constructed with spinel of metal oxide,graphitized carbon and conductive polymer composites.Benefiting from the designable interfaces and increased dipoles,the microwave dielectric response capability can be boosted significantly and resulted in the enhanced microwave absorbing performance.As revealed by the reflection loss curve,the minimum reflection loss(RLmin) reached-51.81 dB at 12.4 GHz under a matched thickness of 2.57 mm.At 2.5 mm,the effective absorbing band covered 8.88 GHz,suggesting the desirable wideband feature.In our case,the method of utilization of a novel green way to fabricate multiple-component EM absorber can be a promising candidate for high-performance EM absorber.     

Enhanced microwave absorption properties of polymer-derived SiC/SiCN composite ceramics modified by TiC

Porous SiCN(Ti) composite ceramics with good microwave absorbing performance were fabricated by pyrolysis of solid polysilazane modified by tetrabutyl titanate. The introduction of Ti not only acted as active filler to react with free carbon in the matrix to form TiC, but also played the role as catalyst to promote the formation of SiC nanowires. Finally, SiCN(Ti) composite ceramics formed a microstructure containing multi-nanophases and multi-nano heterogeneous interfaces when annealing temperature reached 1500 °C. The complex microstructure annealed at 1500 °C made composite ceramics have good matching impedance, as well as greatly increase the interfacial polarization loss and dipole polarization loss. As a result, the TiC/SiC/SiCN composite ceramics showed the excellent performance of electromagnetic wave absorption in X band. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of samples was ??17.1 dB at the thickness of 1.9 mm, and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of composite ceramics was 3.2 GHz when the thickness of sample was 2.1 mm, which exhibited a promising prospect as a structural and microwave absorbing integration material.

     

无反射层泡沫夹层结构设计及吸波性能研究EI北大核心CSCD

针对无反射层的电磁隐身需求,本工作对透波层/吸波泡沫/透波层的夹层结构的吸波性能进行仿真计算,据此制备不同电磁参数的吸波泡沫,对其进行电磁特性表征,并研究吸波泡沫夹层结构的雷达散射截面(RCS)性能。结果表明:在吸波泡沫介电常数为2.3~2.7,介电损耗为0.24~0.26时,无反射层的夹层结构在宽频范围内具有最优的吸波性能。加入炭黑吸收剂泡沫的介电常数和介电损耗具有明显的变化规律,吸波PMI泡沫的电磁特性与仿真计算最优吸波泡沫较接近。炭黑质量分数为8%时吸波PMI泡沫夹层结构在2~18 GHz频率范围内具有最优的隐身性能,与仿真计算结果相对应,其通过低频透波、高频吸波实现电磁波隐身。     

Investigation on the broadband electromagnetic wave absorption properties and mechanism of Co<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>-nanosheets/reduced-graphene-oxide composite

A cobaltosic-oxide-nanosheets/reduced-graphene-oxide composite (CoNSs@RGO) was successfully prepared as a light-weight broadband electromagnetic wave absorber.The effects of the sample thickness and amount of composite added to paraffin samples on the absorption properties were thoroughly investigated.Due to the nanosheet-like structure of Co3O4,the surface-to-volume ratio of the wave absorption material was very high,resulting in a large enhancement in the absorption properties.The maximum refection loss of the CoNSs@RGO composite was-45.15 dB for a thickness of 3.6 mm,and the best absorption bandwidth with a reflection loss below-10 dB was 7.14 GHz with a thickness of 2.9 mm.In addition,the peaks of microwave absorption shifted towards the low frequency region with increasing thickness of the absorbing coatings.The mechanism of electromagnetic wave absorption was attributed to impedance matching of CoNSs@RGO as well as the dielectric relaxation and polarization of RGO.Compared to previously reported absorbing materials,CoNSs@RGO showed better performance as a lightweight and highly efficient absorbing material for application in the high frequency band.