5A90铝锂合金激光填丝焊焊缝金属组织特征分析

采用激光填丝焊进行了5A90铝锂合金薄板的焊接试验,对填丝焊及激光焊接头的表面形貌、横断面、显微组织和硬度进行了研究.并通过透射电镜(TEM)分析了焊缝的析出相.结果表明,激光填丝焊可以改善激光焊焊缝表面的凹陷,有效改善焊缝成形;填丝焊与激光焊焊缝的显微组织差别不大,主要的析出相为δ'相(Li3Al),析出相种类一致,仅尺寸和数量不同;填丝焊与激光焊的接头硬度低于母材,但填丝焊的平均硬度值高于激光焊.     

焊后热处理对铝锂合金激光焊接头微观组织的影响

采用Nd:YAG激光对3 mm厚5A90铝锂合金薄板进行激光焊接,焊后对接头进行了固溶-时效处理,对热处理前后接头微观组织和显微硬度的分布进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,焊态5A90铝锂合金激光焊焊缝组织晶粒形态为等轴枝晶,未观察到强化相;经过焊后处理后,接头不同区域组织均呈现明显的晶界,焊缝金属晶粒形态转变为等轴晶,焊缝组织均匀性得到改善,并且焊缝金属晶粒内部弥散析出较多的δ'强化相。焊态下5A90铝锂合金激光焊焊缝的显微硬度低于母材,焊后热处理使焊缝金属中δ'强化相析出从而使焊缝的硬度显著提高。     

5A90铝锂合金T形接头激光填丝焊接头组织性能分析

对2.5 mm厚5A90铝锂合金T形接头激光焊和激光填丝焊接头组织与性能进行了研究.结果表明,与不填丝相比,焊接过程中填充焊丝有效减少角焊缝咬边、下塌等缺陷,明显改善焊缝表面成形,同时增大了接头熔化区面积,提高了激光的吸收率;填丝还使得T形接头两侧角焊缝组织大小趋于相同,但组织相对粗大;接头抗拉强度接近提高20%,拉伸断口呈韧性断裂.     

激光焊接工艺对铝锂合金T形接头微观组织的影响

以5A90铝锂合金T形接头为研究对象,在两侧分别进行激光焊,对焊后接头进行金相、SEM以及显微硬度测试,目的是为了探讨激光焊接工艺对5A90铝锂合金T形接头微观组织的影响。结果表明,5A90铝锂合金激光焊T形接头焊缝边缘存在狭窄的等轴细晶区(EQZ),向焊缝中心依次为柱状枝晶和等轴枝晶;焊缝金属中的析出相数量少于母材,且T形接头先施焊的一侧焊缝析出相数量高于后施焊侧的焊缝;合金元素Al、Mg含量在焊缝中心区从底部到顶部呈现先高后低的变化;焊缝中心硬度值由顶部到底部有所增加,由于后施焊焊缝的热处理作用,后施焊焊缝金属的硬度值高于先施焊焊缝。     

1420铝锂合金双光点激光焊接头组织性能

在2mm厚1420铝锂合金双光点激光焊接试验的基础上,研究接头的组织与性能。对比分析单、双光点激光焊接头各区域的组织、显微硬度及室温拉伸力学性能,并观察断口形貌。结果表明:1420铝锂合金双光点激光焊接头组织与单光点激光焊接头组织分布类似,从熔合区至焊缝中心依次是等轴细晶、柱状晶和等轴树枝晶,但较单光点接头细化;双光点激光焊接头各区域硬度低于母材,但高于单光点激光焊接头;双光点激光焊接头焊态抗拉强度较母材下降,但略高于单激光焊接头,可达母材的86%。     

不同激光焊方法对5A06铝合金中厚板组织及性能的影响

采用单激光焊和激光填丝焊研究了6 mm厚5A06铝合金中厚板的焊接性,分析了焊缝的形貌、力学性能和显微组织。结果表明：2种激光焊方法的焊缝形貌存在一定差异,激光填丝焊的焊缝鱼鳞纹更加均匀,单激光焊时的飞溅较多,焊缝熔宽更小且有咬边的现象;焊接接头的抗拉强度和显微硬度均低于母材的抗拉强度和显微硬度,激光填丝焊的抗拉强度能达到母材的80%以上,且其抗拉强度、伸长率和显微硬度均值均优于单激光焊的;焊缝区组织、熔合区和热影响区组织均分别为等轴枝晶、柱状晶和纤维状组织,熔合区与热影响区的界限明显,激光填丝焊焊缝区的等轴枝晶晶粒更细,熔合区的柱状晶数量占比更小。     

金属的焊接性

5A90铝锂合金激光填丝焊焊缝金属组织特征分析,中国低活马氏体钢熔化焊接头硬度与微观组织,TiAl／Ti60电子束焊接接头组织及性能,镀锌薄板TIG拼焊的焊缝组织及成形性能,AZ31B镁合金氩弧焊接头性能分析……     

金属的焊接性

5A90铝锂合金激光填丝焊焊缝金属组织特征分析,中国低活马氏体钢熔化焊接头硬度与微观组织,TiAl／Ti60电子束焊接接头组织及性能,镀锌薄板TIG拼焊的焊缝组织及成形性能,AZ31B镁合金氩弧焊接头性能分析……     

激光填丝焊接铝锂合金T型接头的组织和力学性能

以铝锂合金2A97(底板)/2099(筋板)T型接头为研究对象,采用ER5356铝镁焊丝进行激光填丝焊接,分析了焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:接头的平均抗拉强度为425 MPa,达到2A97-T3母材抗拉强度的93%。T型接头首先在焊趾起裂,然后沿熔合线扩展,最终断在底板,呈穿晶断裂的特征。焊缝区硬度值在70~90 HV之间,比母材硬度低。焊缝区域晶粒形态主要有细等轴晶、柱状晶和等轴晶,其中细等轴晶主要在在熔合区靠近焊缝侧形成;焊缝中心等轴晶区的第二相粒子分别在晶间和晶内出现,并伴随明显的铜偏析现象。     

薄板铝合金激光填丝焊组织性能分析

实现了薄板5A06铝合金的激光填丝焊.并采用扫描电镜和能谱分析仪对比分析了激光填丝焊和非填丝焊接头的显微组织及其成分分布,对比分析了这两种接头显微硬度和拉伸性能.结果表明,薄板5A06铝合金的激光填丝焊焊缝的成分主要取决于焊丝成分,由于激光焊冷却速度快,焊缝的成分和组织均匀性均较激光焊未填丝的低.其激光填丝焊接头的抗拉强度和断后伸长率均高于激光焊的接头,可以达到与母材等强,焊缝硬度低于激光焊焊缝.     

Characteristics of Joint Welded by Laser Welding of Aluminium-Lithium Alloy with Filler Wire

The characteristics of weld shape,microstructure,mechanical properties and defects of 5A90 Al-Li alloy joint by laser welding (LBW) and laser welding with filler wire (LWFW) were studied and analyzed.The results indicated that the microstructure of joint by LWFW was fine-grained layer and the equiaxed grain in most of seams,which were similar to the joint by LBW.Compared with the joint by LBW,the microstructure of joint by LWFW tended to fine,and the range of the columnar crystals zone was prone to decrease.The Microhardness of the joint by LWFW (92.57HV0.2) was lower than that by LBW (95.65HV0.2),but the uniformity was better.The ultimate tensile strength of the joint by LWFW was lower than that by LBW slightly,which reached to 73.03% and 79.22% of the base metal respectively.However,the elongation of the LWFW joint was higher than that of the LBW joint significantly,which reached to 38.65% and 20.38% of the base metal respectively.The microstructure and mechanical properties of 5A90 Al-Li alloy by LWFW were better than that by LBW.The defects of joint were mainly forming defects which were caused by improper parameters and porosity inside the joint,which was caused by uncleaned surface and incomplete penetration.     

填充焊丝对6A02铝合金光纤激光焊接接头组织性能的影响

采用ER4043焊丝开展了1.0 mm厚6A02铝合金的光纤激光填丝焊接,对比分析了是否填丝对焊缝横截面形貌、接头组织、显微硬度分布和拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,激光填丝焊缝成形饱满,能够显著提高焊前装配的最大间隙容忍裕度.与自熔激光焊接接头相比,激光填丝焊接接头熔合区附近的柱状晶组织和焊缝中心的混合组织（柱状晶+等轴晶）均相对粗化,接头软化现象更加明显,焊态时接头抗拉强度基本相当,仅达到母材水平的83.2%,但经历固溶时效热处理后,接头强度得以恢复,并高于母材水平,断后伸长率获得显著改善,可以达到21.29%,远高于前者的8.13%.     

Characteristics of 5A90 Aluminum-lithium Alloy by YAG-MIG Hybrid Welding

The characteristics of 5A90 Aluminum-Lithium alloy by YAG laser and MIG arc hybrid welding (Hybrid welding) were studied.Compared with the laser beam welding (LBW),the hybrid welding could not only improve the weld appearance significantly,but also have better engineering compatibility.The obvious microstructure characteristics of joint by the hybrid welding are fine-grained layer near fusion-line and the equiaxed grain in most area of welded seam.The subgrains of the equiaxed grains,located in the weld center,tend to coarse from bottom to top of weld joint.The microhardness of welded seam by the hybrid welding (83.57HV0.2) is lower than that by LBW (95.65HV0.2),but the uniformity of the former is better than that of the latter.The ultimate strength and the elongations after fracture of the joint by the hybrid welding are lower than that by LBW.The tensile fracture always occurs in HAZ or weld centerline,and the fractography presents mixture rupture.Therefore,if the combined mechanical properties of joint by the hybrid welding meet the operation requirements,it should be improved by reasonable artificial aging or heat treatment after welding,and it also should develop a better filler wire matched with the base metal.     

130mm铝合金扫描激光填丝焊接头微区组织和性能

针对船用130 mm 5A06铝合金厚壁结构件的扫描激光填丝焊接头,对其焊缝（weld metal,WM）、热影响区（heat affected zone,HAZ）及母材（base metal,BM）的显微组织进行研究,并通过维氏硬度和微型剪切试验研究了接头各区力学性能差异.结果表明,5A06铝合金单激光焊缝以等轴晶为主,填丝焊焊缝以柱状晶为主,HAZ和BM晶粒比WM粗,母材及热影响区为轧制的纤维状组织;由于焊接热循环作用,接头热影响区硬度略高于母材,抗剪强度二者差别不大,单激光焊缝硬度和抗剪强度略高于填丝层.总体而言,焊缝区强度低塑性好,母材及热影响区强度高塑性低.     

Joint performance of CO2 laser beam welding 5083,H321 aluminum alloy

Laser beam welding of aluminum alloys is expected to offer good mechanical properties of welded joints. In this experimental work reported, CO2 laser beam autogenoas welding and wire feed welding are conducted on 4 mm thick 5083- H321 aluminum alloy sheets at different welding variables. The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the welds are evaluated through tensile tests, micro-hardness tests, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Experimental results indicate that both the tensile strength and hardness of laser beam welds are affected by the constitution of filler material, except the yield strength. The soften region of laser beam welds is not in the heat-affected zone （ HAZ ）. The tensile fracture of laser beam welded specimens takes place in the weld zone and close to the weld boundary because of different filler materials. Some pores are found on the fracture face, including hydrogen porosities and blow holes, but these pores have no influence on the tensile strength of laser beam welds. Tensile strength values of laser beam welds with filler wire are up to 345.57 MPa, 93% of base material values, and yield strengths of laser beam welds are equivalent to those of base metal （264. 50 MPa）.     

2060铝锂合金电流辅助激光填丝焊接工艺分析

为了改善2060铝锂合金激光填丝焊接的焊缝组织并进一步提高接头力学性能,使用了辅助激光填丝焊接的新方法.文中采用光纤激光器焊接2 mm厚2060-T8铝锂合金薄板,通过填充焊丝引入直流电流,研究电流对焊缝成形、焊缝结晶组织和接头力学性能的影响.结果表明,施加电流后,焊缝表面鱼鳞纹变得细密均匀,表明焊接过程更加稳定.同时,焊缝上、下熔宽趋于一致,焊缝结晶组织细化,熔合线附近等轴细晶区宽度减小.与无辅助电流相比,接头抗拉强度提高约5.8%.     

Research on CMT welding of nickel-based alloy with stainless steel

Cold Metal Transfer （CMT） welding technique is a new welding technique introduced by Fronins company. CMT welding of nickel-based alloy with stainless steel was carried out using CuSi3 filler wire in this paper. Effects of welding parameters, including welding current, welding speed, etc, on weld surface appearance were tested. Microstructure and mechanical properties of CMT weld were studied. The results shaw that the thickness of interface reaction layer of the nickel- based alloy is 14. 3 μm, which is only 4. 33% of base material. The weld is made up of two phases, α-copper and iron-based solid solution. Rupture occurs initially at the welded seam near the edge of stainless steel in shear test. The maximum shear strength of the CuSi3 welded joint is 184. 9 MPa.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint of 6061 aluminum alloy by plasma-MIG hybrid welding

Plasma-MIG (metal inert gas arc welding) hybrid welding of 6061 aluminum alloy with 6 mm thickness using ER5356 welding wire was carried out.The microstructures and mechanical properties of the welded joint were investigated by optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction (XRD),energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS),tensile test,hardness test and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to judge the type of tensile fracture.The results showed that the tensile strength of welded joint was 142 MPa which was 53.6％ of the strength of the base metal.The welding seam zone was characterized by dendritic structure.In the fusion zone,the columnar grains existed at one side of the welding seam.The fibrous organization was found in the base metal,and also in the heat affected zone (HAZ) where the recrystallization occurred.The HAZ was the weakest position of the welded joint due to the coarsening of Mg2Si phase.The type of tensile fracture was ductile fracture.     

基于Incoloy800H钨极氩弧焊接头组织及其性能分析

在2 mm厚800H合金钨极氩弧焊试验的基础上,研究焊接接头的微观组织和析出相成分,并分析焊接接头的力学性能和抗晶间腐蚀性能,观察拉伸断口和晶间腐蚀试样的形貌。结果表明:焊缝组织为柱状晶和等轴晶,热影响区晶粒明显长大,焊接接头中有少量的TiN和富Cr相(Fe,Cr)_(23)C_6析出相存在;母材、热影响区和焊缝的HV硬度分别为1730、1526和1590 MPa;室温抗拉强度和延伸率分别为565.0 MPa、31.8%,均超过ASME标准关于800H合金规定值(450.0 MPa和30.0%),拉伸断裂为韧性断裂;焊接接头高温(650℃)抗拉强度和延伸率分别为394.5 MPa、15.5%,其断口是混合型断口;较接头组织,母材腐蚀更为严重,表面晶界开裂并伴有少量且尺寸较小的腐蚀坑,基体中TiN缺陷处易引起点蚀。