Optimization of NRZ Data Transmission at 10 Gbit/s over G.652 Without In-Line DFAs

Performance limits of NRZ data transmission at 10 Gbit/s over standard single mode fiber (SSMF, G.652) without the deployment of in-line erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are evaluated by means of numerical simulation. The fiber system was modeled using the standard split-step Fourier algorithm for the solution of nonlinear Schroedinger equation. The effect of group velocity dispersion (GVD) compensation scheme, degree of GVD compensation of the SSMF, and input optical powers to SSMF and to the dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) have been investigated with the aim to maximize the distance between transmitter and receiver. We have found that a post-compensation scheme performs better than the pre-compensation scheme and that, by careful selection of input powers and degree of GVD compensation, it should be possible to keep the bit-error-ratio (BER) below 10 upper index = 15 for an SSMF length of 270 km.     

光载超宽带脉冲雷达信号传输性能研究

采用双并行马赫曾德尔调制器产生高斯脉冲一阶微分和二阶微分型超宽带脉冲雷达信号和光载无线电传输技术,通过仿真研究了两种超宽带脉冲雷达信号在标准单模光纤中的传输特性.结果表明,高斯脉冲一阶微分型脉冲随着传输距离的增大而不断展宽,而高斯脉冲二阶微分型脉冲则先压缩后展宽.经100km标准单模光纤传输之后,在传输终端采用色散补偿光纤对传输信号进行不同程度的色散补偿,可获得满足美国联邦通信委员会规范要求的不同宽度高斯脉冲一阶微分和二阶微分型脉冲信号.     

光载超宽带脉冲雷达信号传输性能研究

采用双并行马赫曾德尔调制器产生高斯脉冲一阶微分和二阶微分型超宽带脉冲雷达信号和光载无线电传输技术,通过仿真研究了两种超宽带脉冲雷达信号在标准单模光纤中的传输特性.结果表明,高斯脉冲一阶微分型脉冲随着传输距离的增大而不断展宽,而高斯脉冲二阶微分型脉冲则先压缩后展宽.经100km标准单模光纤传输之后,在传输终端采用色散补偿光纤对传输信号进行不同程度的色散补偿,可获得满足美国联邦通信委员会规范要求的不同宽度高斯脉冲一阶微分和二阶微分型脉冲信号.     

GVD compensation schemes with considering PMD

Three group velocity dispersion (GVD) compensation schemes, i.e., the post-compensation, pre-compensation and hybrid-compensation schemes, are discussed with considering polarization mode dispersion (PMD). In the 10- and 40-Gbit/s non-return-zero (NRZ) on-off-key (OOK) systems, three physical factors, Kerr effect, GVD and PMD are considered. The numerical results show that, when the impact of PMD is taken into account, the GVD pre-compensation scheme performs best with more than 1 dB better of average eye-opening penalty (EOP) when input power is up to 10 dBm in the 10-Gbit/s system. However the GVD post-compensation scheme performs best for the case of 40 Gbit/s with input power less than 13 dBm, and GVD pre-compensation will be better if the input power increased beyond this range. The results are different from those already reported under the assumption that the impact of PMD is neglected. Therefore, the research in this paper provide a different insight into the system optimization when PMD, Kerr e     

Electrical nonlinearity pre-compensation for CO-OFDM system

An electrical nonlinearity pre-compensation (ENPC) combined nonlinearity with chromatic dispersion method is introduced for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) system. Comparing with existed only nonlinearity pre-compensation (NL Pre-comp) method, ENPC method is not only suitable for low-dispersion fiber system, but also effective for high dispersion fiber transmission system without optical dispersion compensation. For 40 Gbit/s 20 × 80 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) system, ENPC method can improve the nonlinear threshold (NLT) (for Q > 10 dB) about 2.7, 1.2, and 1.0 dB, and the maximum Q factor about 1.2, 0.4, and 0.3 dB for 2, 8, and 16 ps/nm/km fiber systems, respectively. The method allow the CO-OFDM system can avoid using optical dispersion compensation even for high dispersion fiber system with higher input power, and the 2-step ENPC solution does not increase more computation complexity compared with NL pre-comp method.     

光纤色散对超连续谱产生的影响

对1550nm波长附近具有不同色散特性的光纤产生超连续谱进行了详细的计算和分析。结果表明，在反常色散区和零散区，由于内脉冲拉曼散射效应和三阶色散效应的影响，不能产生平坦、宽带的超连续谱。而在正常色散区，可以产生平坦光滑的超连续谱。进一步研究表明，具有较小正常色散的色散平坦光纤对于产生平坦、宽带的超连续谱极为有效。通过增强脉冲抽运功率，可以得到谱强起伏小于10dB、带宽达300nm以上的平坦超宽超连续谱。     

Experiment on 60-GHz MMW transmission performance in an optical fiber and wireless system

We experimentally investigate the transmission performance of 60-GHz signals over standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and wireless links at different bit rates. Experimental results show that in a transmission of over 10-km SSMF and 1.3-m wireless link, bit rate reaches up to 5 Gb/s and bit error rate (BER) is less than 10 4 . The main limiting factor in such radio-over-fiber (ROF) systems is intersymbol interferences caused by the so-called walk-off effect when BER is below 10 8 . In addition, a transmission of over 20-km SSMF without chromatic dispersion compensation is briefly investigated. For a BER of 10 8 , the optical penalty is 2 dB.     

基于光纤的光学频率传递研究

随着光钟研究的发展, 光钟的稳定度和不确定度均达到10^-18量级. 通过光纤可以实现光钟频率信号的高精度传输, 有望用于未来“秒”定义的复现. 演示了百公里级实验室光纤上的光学频率传递. 对于在实验室70 km光纤盘上实现的光频传递, 光纤相位噪声抑制在1-250 Hz傅里叶频率范围内均接近于光纤延时极限, 对应传输稳定度(Allan偏差)为秒级稳定度1.2×10^-15, 10000 s稳定度为1.4×10^-18. 实验室100 km光纤的光频传递秒级稳定度也达到了5×10^-15. 提出了光纤噪声用户端补偿的方案, 可以简化星形传递网络中心站的复杂度. 在25 km光纤上演示了该传递方案, 实现的传输稳定度接近传统前置补偿传递方案.     

On duty cycle selection of RZ optical pulse to optimize the performance of dispersion compensated 10 Gbps single channel optical communication system using dispersion compensating fibers

We present results for duty cycle selection of optical RZ pulse to optimize the performance in 10 Gbps single channel dispersion compensated optical communication system. The system has link length of 240 km with two spans. Each of the spans consists of 120 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) of 16 ps/nm/km, whose chromatic dispersion is compensated using pre-, post- and symmetrical-dispersion compensation schemes by 24 km dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) of −80 ps/nm/km. The performance of the three compensation schemes is compared by taking 8, 10, 12 and 14 dBm Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) power levels in the link with a duty cycle range (0.1-0.9) of RZ optical pulse. The graphical results obtained show a relationship among the duty cycle, EDFA power and dispersion compensation scheme which predicts the best performing duty cycle case. To optimize performance of the system, we recommend in general, duty cycle less than 0.3 and EDFA power below 8 dB irrespective of compensation scheme. However, with post compensation duty cycle less than 0.7 and EDFA power below 12 dBm give optimum performance. The results conclude that for the high value of duty cycle, post dispersion compensation scheme should be used.     

啁啾光纤光栅在光纤通信系统中的色散补偿

报道一个简单而新颖的、能将均匀光栅改变为线性啁啾光栅的方法,此方法可对光纤光栅的喃啾度和中心波长进行独立调节,实验表明,一长为１０ｃｍ的均匀光栅其啁啾度可增加至０．５ｎｍ／ｃｍ,而中心波长独立可调量达０．７ｎｍ利用这样的可调啁啾光栅在标准单模光纤（Ｇ６５２）中对一脉宽为２５ｐｓ的输入信号在１５５０ｎｍ窗口传输,成功地实现１００ｋｍ的色散补偿。     

Minimizing performance loss of MMSE algorithm for CDMA-based O-MIMO-OFDM

This paper presents an algorithm to minimize the performance loss (PL) of minimum mean square error (MMSE) in code division multiple access (CDMA) based optical multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (O-MIMO-OFDM) systems over 1200 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF). The performance of the system using proposed algorithm scheme is compared to MMSE scheme by simulation results. It shows the superior performance of proposed algorithm.     

Placement of optimized semiconductor optical amplifier in fiber optical communication systems

This paper deals with the placement of semiconductor optical amplifier for 10 Gb/s non-return to zero format in single mode and dispersion-compensated fiber link. We investigated post-, pre- and symmetrical power compensation methods for different positions of the SOA in fiber link. The effect of increase in signal input power for the three power compensation methods is compared in terms of eye diagram, bit error rate, eye closure penalty and output received power. It is found that the post-power compensation method is superior to pre- and symmetrical power compensation methods. Further, the effect of variation in length of the standard single mode fiber and dispersion-compensated fiber for three power compensation configurations has also been observed. The impact of eye closure penalty is observed for large transmission distances for different signal input powers.     

抽运方式对混合拉曼光纤放大器性能的影响

通过实验比较了前向抽运拉曼光纤放大器与掺铒光纤放大器组成的混合放大器、后向抽运拉曼光纤放大器与掺铒光纤放大器组成的混合放大器的性能。实验采用75km标准单模光纤作为增益介质。采用20信道(符合ITU-T建议的波分复用信号)，波长为1537．377～1560．605nm，作为混合放大器的测试信号。20信道总功率-2．86dBm，每一信道用2．5Gb／s、码长2^7-1的非归零码通过电吸收调制器(EA)进行外调制。实验结果表明，前向抽运方式混合放大器的性能优于后向抽运方式的混合放大器，其中噪声系数的改善值为2．28～6．55dB。采用前向抽运时，各信道的增益同后向抽运相比，增加值均大于5dB。但不论采取那种抽运方式，采用混合放大的形式，各信道的光信噪比均大于26．9dB。     

高速光纤通信系统中抑制偏振模色散的新机制

重点研究了偏振模色散、群速度色散、自相位调制三者之间在高速光纤通信系统中的相互作用，从时域角度分析脉冲的演变，从频域角度分析频谱的变化，提出一定条件下，啁啾、色散、自相位调制可以部分补偿偏振模色散的思想。通过对40Gbit／s系统进行偏振模色散、群速度色散和自相位调制共同作用的仿真，从统计意义上验证了它们之间的相互影响，并找到最佳传输方案，对系统设计提供了参考。     

42.8 Gbit/s DPSK信号的波分复用传输实验

实现了42.8 Gbit/s 差分相移键控调制信号的三信道波分复用传输实验.传输链路为410 km的标准单模光纤,分为四个放大段,采用色散补偿光纤进行色散补偿和掺铒光纤放大器/分布式喇曼放大器混合放大方式.给出了差分相移键控信号及其解调后的信号在背对背和传输后的光谱和眼图(中路波长信号).在接收端使用单端检测,给出中路波长的差分相移键控信号背对背情况和传输后的误码率曲线,并与单信道传输时进行比较.经过传输后的中路信号的误码率可维持在1.0E-3左右.     

Characteristics of Wavelength Tunable Femtosecond Soliton Pulse Generation Using Femtosecond Pump Laser and Polarization Maintaining Fiber

We have investigated both experimentally and numerically the characteristics of wavelength tunable femtosecond soliton pulse generation using a pulse width variable fiber laser and two different types of polarization maintaining fibers. The generated soliton shows the feature of the pulsewidth becoming almost constant at - 250 fs under any conditions of the pump pulse for 220m fiber. High conversion efficiency from pump pulse to a generated soliton pulse accounting for as much as 73% can be obtained. This efficiency decreases with increase in the input power or wavelength shift. A superior conversion efficiency and broad wavelength shift can be obtained by using a more shortened pump pulse. In the numerical calculations, it is predicted that under a condition of constant power of pump pulse, the maximum wavelength shift is achieved when the soliton number N is -1.4. The difference of mode field diameter and the group velocity dispersion (GVD) coefficient β₂ affect the wavelength shift and conversion efficiency. Using the fiber with small mode field diameter and small absolute value of GVD coefficient β₂, a high conversion efficiency and large wavelength shift can be obtained.     

Ultra-broadband OFDM signal generation for 1-Tb/s super-channel coherent optical OFDM transmission

A 320.6-GHz multi-band optical OFDM signal generation scheme consisting of continuous 4,104 subcarriers is demonstrated for 1-Tb/s coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) transmission. The 36 uncorrelated orthogonal bands are generated using a recirculating frequency shifter (RFS) with single laser by adjusting the loop delay of RFS to be an integer multiple of OFDM symbol period. The principle and performance of this generation scheme is studied theoretically and experimentally. The 1-Tb/s CO-OFDM signal is successfully received after 600-km SSMF fiber transmission without any dispersion compensation.     

42.8 Gbit/s DPSK信号的波分复用传输实验

实现了42.8 Gbit/s 差分相移键控调制信号的三信道波分复用传输实验.传输链路为410 km的标准单模光纤,分为四个放大段,采用色散补偿光纤进行色散补偿和掺铒光纤放大器/分布式喇曼放大器混合放大方式.给出了差分相移键控信号及其解调后的信号在背对背和传输后的光谱和眼图(中路波长信号).在接收端使用单端检测,给出中路波长的差分相移键控信号背对背情况和传输后的误码率曲线,并与单信道传输时进行比较.经过传输后的中路信号的误码率可维持在1.0E-3左右.     

普通单模光纤传输系统的光纤光栅色散补偿研究

通过系统分析光纤光栅的耦合模理论 ,探索、优化光纤光栅的制作过程 ,研制了满足ITU T建议波长的优质光纤光栅。用双透镜和扫描移动平台结合相位掩膜板研制的光纤光栅分别成功实现了 4× 10Gb/s 4 0 0km和4× 10Gb/s 80 0km普通单模光纤传输系统的色散补偿 ,功率代价均小于 2dB ,且最佳功率代价为负值。同时对4× 10Gb/s 80 0km普通单模光纤传输系统的偏振模色散实施长时间的监测 ,系统偏振模色散小于 10 ps,提出了发展 10Gb/s的光通信系统更符合目前我国国情的见解。     

A detailed analysis of cross-phase modulation effects on OOK and dpsk optical WDM transmission systems in the presence of GVD,SPM, and ASE noise

A performance analysis is carried out to evaluate the effect of cross-phase modulation (XPM) on a dispersion-managed 20 Gb/s optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission system using either the on-off keying (OOK) or the different-phase-shifting keying (DPSK) modulation, in the presence of the group-velocity dispersion (GVD), self-phase modulation (SPM), and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). It is found that to achieve a bit error rate (BER) of 10⁻⁹ at a distance of 160 km, a 1.0 dB XPM power penalty is incurred for input channel power of 3 dBm in the OOK transmission and 7 dBm in the DPSK transmission. The power penalty increases with input channel powers and is inversely proportional and exhibits oscillations with respect to the channel separation. The oscillation is evenly spaced for the DPSK but not for the OOK and suggests the presence of optimum separation values. The XPM penalty decreases when a high dispersion fiber is used and increases linearly with increasing dispersion slope. Small residual dispersion can reduce the penalty of nonlinear effects.