含左氧氟沙星及卷曲霉素方案治疗耐多药肺结核近期疗效分析

目的　观察和评价含左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素联合化疗方案在耐多药肺结核 (MDR PTB)治疗中的疗效。方法　将 177例MDR PTB患者分为治疗组 88例和对照组 89例。化疗方案 :治疗组以左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素为主 ,联合利福喷汀、异烟肼、对氨基水杨酸钠、吡嗪酰胺 ;对照组用链霉素、乙胺丁醇 ,联用药物同治疗组 ,疗程均为 2 1个月。结果　共有 16 1例患者完成化疗疗程 ,治疗组 82例 ,痰菌阴转率 83% ;对照组 79例 ,痰菌阴转率 5 8% ;痰菌阴转率治疗组明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗组病灶显效率 5 0 % ,空洞闭合率 6 3% ,治疗组优于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗组的药物不良反应率为 31% ,对照组为 35 % ,两组比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　含左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素的方案治疗MDR PTB ,有助于痰菌阴转和病变吸收好转 ,药物不良反应低 ,值得在临床上推广应用     

含力克肺疾方案治疗耐多药结核病的疗效及评价

目的 观察和评价含力克肺疾方案在耐多药结核病（ＭＤＲ－ＴＢ）治疗中的疗效。方法 采用随机配地分组法将６２例ＭＤＲ－ＴＢ患者分为治疗组（Ｍ组,３１例）和对照组（Ｃ组,３１例）。化疗方案：Ｍ组以力克肺疾为主,另依据药敏试验选用３种以上敏感药或既往未用过的新药。Ｃ组不用力克肺疾,其它药物同Ｍ组。结果 治疗９个月后,Ｍ组涂层阴转率６５％,培阳阴转率６５％;Ｃ组涂阳阴转率２９％,培阳阴转率３２％。痰菌阴转率     

含力克肺疾方案治疗耐多药结核病的疗效及评价

目的　观察和评价含力克肺疾方案在耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)治疗中的疗效。方法 采用随机配对分组法将62例MDR-TB患者分为治疗组(M组,31例)和对照组(C组,31例)。化疗方案:M组以力克肺疾为主,另依据药敏试验选用3种以上敏感药或既往未用过的新药。C组不用力克肺疾,其它药物同M组。结果 治疗9个月后,M组涂阳阴转率61%,培阳阴转率65%;C组涂阳阴转率29%,培阳阴转率32%。痰菌阴转率M组显著高于C组(P<0.05)。M组病灶吸收及空洞关闭、缩小速度均显著高于C组(P<0.05)。2年复查,M组和C组痰菌复阳率分别为5%和20%。结论 含力克肺疾方案治疗MDR-TB,有助于痰菌阴转和病灶吸收好转,疗程结束后复发率低,疗效较为满意,值得临床上推广应用。     

含力克肺疾、左氧氟沙星加母牛分枝杆菌菌苗方案治疗耐多药肺结核的临床研究

目的 探讨耐多药肺结核患者采用力克肺疾、左氧氟沙星、吡嗪酰胺、丙硫异烟胺、丁胺卡那霉素、母牛分枝杆菌菌苗治疗疗效.方法 对2006年2月～2008年2片我所收治的耐多药肺结核患者63例进行分析.结果 临床症状明显改善,肺部病灶吸收率达93.65％;治疗三个月末痰菌阴转率为47.62％,满疗程痰菌阴转率73.02％,空洞闭合率66.67％;随访6～24个月痰菌复发率为4.76％.结论 本方案治疗耐多药肺结核效果满意,药物副作用小,可用于临床治疗耐多药肺结核患者.     

力克肺疾、氧氟沙星、卷曲霉素、丙硫异烟胺联合治疗耐多药肺结核的临床观察

目的：分析耐多药肺结核患者采用3LiOCTh/3LiThC3/6LiOTh方案治疗的临床效果。方法：1994年11月至1997年12月收治的54例同时耐INH、RFP的耐多药肺结核，采用3LiOCTh/3LiThC3/6LiOTh方案治疗，疗程中每月进行痰结核菌检查和肝功能检查，疗程的3、6、12个月摄胸片。结果：54例完成疗程时痰菌阴转率87％，随访24个月的痰菌复发率为12．8％，肝功能常率1．9％，无一例因副反应停药。结论：对耐多药肺结核采用3LiOCTh/3LiThC3/6LiOTh方案，治疗效果满意，药物副反应轻微，该方案值得在临床中推广应用。     

左氧氟沙星及卷曲霉素方案治疗耐多药肺结核疗效分析

目的评价含左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素联合化疗方案在耐多药肺结核(MDR-PTB)治疗中的疗效。方法将216例MDR-TB患者分为治疗组109例和对照组107例。化疗方案:治疗组以左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素为主,联合利福喷汀、异烟肼、对氨基水杨酸钠、吡嗪酰胺;对照组用链霉素、乙胺丁醇,联合用药同治疗组,疗程均为21个月。结果189例患者完成化疗疗程,治疗组94例,痰菌阴转率85.1%;对照组95例,痰菌阴转率57.8%,痰菌阴转率治疗组明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗组病灶显效率51%,空洞闭合率63.3%,治疗组优于对照组(P<0.01);治疗组的药物不良反应率为31%,对照组为35%,两组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素的方案治疗MDR-TB,痰菌阴转和病变吸收好转较优,药物不良反应低,值得在临床上推广应用。     

丁胺卡那、左氧氟沙星治疗耐多药肺结核临床观察

目的观察丁胺卡那,左氧氟沙星在耐多药肺结核（MDR-TB）治疗中的疗效。方法68例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为治疗组36例和对照组32例。治疗组采用3DZThVA／15DThV,对照组采用3DZThES／15DThE方案治疗。结果疗程结束后,治疗组痰菌阴转率,病灶吸收好转率分别为86．11％,88．39％,而对照组分别为59．38％,59．38％,两组比较,差异有显著性。结论对耐多药肺结核采用含丁胺卡那、左氧氟沙星的方案治疗MDR-TB效果肯定。     

左氧氟沙星治疗耐多药肺结核近期疗效观察

目的　观察左氧氟沙星对耐多药肺结核的近期疗效。方法 92例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为治疗组 50例和对照组 42例，化疗方案分别是 3HKZThV/18HZTh，3HKZTh/18HZTh，观察两组痰菌阴转、病变吸收和症状改善情况。结果 治疗组 3月和 6月的痰菌阴转率、病变吸收率、症状改善率分别是 40.0%，58.0%；54.0%，72.0%；66.0%，76.0%，对照组分别是 19.0%，35.7%；33.3%，42.9%；38.1%，45.2%，两组之间有显著性差异 (P＜0.05)。结论 左氧氟沙星联合其他化疗药物 3月强化治疗耐多药肺结核效果明显。     

含司帕沙星方案治疗耐多药肺结核病的疗效及评价

目的观察和评价含司帕沙星（SPLX）抗结核方案在治疗耐多药肺结核病（MDR-TB）中的效果。方法46例MDR-TB患者随机均分为3DKZTHES／15DZTHES治疗组和3DK硎EV／15DZTHEV对照组，观察两组的痰菌阴转、病变吸收和临床症状的好转情况。结果治疗组3月末痰菌阴转率50％，病变吸收好转率68％，临床症状好转率88％；6月末痰菌阴转率82％，病灶吸收好转率80％，临床症状好转率90％。对照组3月末痰菌阴转率30％，病灶吸收好转率45％，临床症状好转率78％；6月末痰菌阴转率为58％，病灶吸收好转率76％，临床症状好转率80％。两组相比有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论司帕沙星联用其它抗结核化疗药物治疗MDR-TB效果优于左氧氟沙星，是目前氟喹诺酮类药物中较为理想的一个药物，应作为治疗MDR-TB的首选药物。     

苏州市住院耐多药结核病患者的情况分析

目的了解我院近年来住院耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）的现状。方法通过对我院近五年来全部住院MDR-TB患者的一般情况、初治复治、耐药程度等进行统计分析。结果我院175例MDR-TB住院患者中，初发初治的有77例，复发复治的有94例。在94例复发复治患者中，首次经过规则治疗的有45例。结论新发原发耐多药患者增多，原发性耐多药已经成为本地区MDR-TB产生的最主要原因。     

氧氟沙星联合丁胺卡那霉素治疗耐多药肺结核的疗效分析

目的观察氧氟沙星联合丁胺卡那霉素在治疗耐多药肺结核治疗中的作用。方法将耐多药肺结核患者71例随机分为2组:治疗组(38例)采用卡那霉素联合利福平、结核清及吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇,疗程18个月。结果患者完成化疗疗程时;治疗组痰菌阴转率89.5%,优于对照组54.5%,(P<0.01);治疗组病灶吸收率94.7%,优于对照组57.5%,治疗组空洞闭合率71.9%,也优于对照组35.3%,(P<0.05)。结论氧氟沙星联合丁胺卡那霉素治疗耐多药肺结核痰阴转高,病变吸收好,药物不良反应低,值得在临床上推广应用。     

血清sIL-2R水平对MDR-TB的临床意义及IL-2治疗的研究

目的探讨血清sIL-2R水平对耐多药肺结核(MDR-TB)的临床意义及免疫增强剂的疗效.方法将130例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为2组,均以力克肺疾为基础并与临床上尚可供配伍的抗痨药物3种以上组成联合治疗方案,总疗程为18个月.Ⅰ组患者在抗痨基础上最初6个月加用白细胞介素-Ⅱ(IL-2).观察2组病例的血清白细胞介素-Ⅱ受体水平下降情况、痰菌阴转率、空洞好转率和远期复发率.结果疗程结束时,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组痰菌阴转率分别为87.5%、72.7%,2组比较P＜0.05.空洞缩小或闭合率分别为70.7%、44.4%(P＜0.05).治疗6个月时血清白细胞介素-Ⅱ受体Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组分别为321±38.4U/ml和382±61.5U/ml(P＜0.01).随访18个月痰菌复阳率Ⅰ组为11.1%,Ⅱ组为23.9%(P＜0.05).结论MDR-TB患者存在免疫功能低下,采用IL-2长程间歇治疗,不良反应较轻,可明显提高疗效,降低远期复发率.     

纤维支气管镜介入治疗耐多药肺结核40例报道

目的探讨纤维支气管镜在C型臂或X线定位下经导管介入治疗,配合全身化疗对耐多药肺结核的治疗效果。方法将80例耐多药肺结核患者随机分为治疗组(40例)和对照组(40例),两组均采用6个月乳酸左氧氟沙星、丙硫异烟胺、力克肺疾、丁胺卡那霉素(或卷曲霉素)或者通过药敏选择个体化治疗方案。治疗组强化期每月经纤维支气管镜注药一次,共计8次。然后比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗6个月时,痰菌阴转率、病灶显效率、空洞闭合率方面两组统计学意义(P0.01),未发生相关的毒副反应。结论经纤维支气管镜介入给药治疗耐多药肺结核,疗效明显优于单纯全身化疗,值得在临床推广。     

A study of clinical profile of cases of MDR-TB and evaluation of challenges faced in initiation of second line Anti tuberculosis treatment for MDR-TB cases admitted in drug resistance tuberculosis center

ObjectivesTo study the clinical profile of cases, evaluation of comorbidities and problems encountered in initiation of second-line drugs for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients.MethodologyA prospective observational study was conducted on MDR patients admitted in drug resistance tuberculosis (DRTB) center of RDGMC Surasa Ujjain, a rural medical college, over a span of one year.ResultsOut of 130 admitted cases, majority (30%) were between 31 and 40 years of age. Males were predominant (70%). Females were significantly younger compared to males (p = 0.00308). Most patients (83.8%) were underweight (body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m²). According to MDR-TB suspect criteria, majority were defaulter cases (39.23%). The anemia was the most common comorbidity (73.84%) among the study group followed by diabetes mellitus (9.23%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (9.23%), 10 (7.69) asthma, 10 (7.69%) thyroid disease 9 (6.92%) followed by respiratory insufficiency 4 (3%), HIV 2 (1.5%), deep venous thrombosis (DVT) 2 (1.5%), renal failure 2 (1.5%), and hepatic failure 1 (0.76%). Majority had minimal lesion – 57 (43.8%), moderate – 38 (29.2%), and moderate advanced – 23 (17.7%) while far advanced was noted on X-rays in 12 (9.2%). A total of 91 (70%) cases had non-cavitary lesions and 39 (30%) had cavitary lesions, of which 27 were unilateral and 12 were bilateral.ConclusionThe males were predominant in our study however females were affected at a younger age compared to the males. Most of the patients had taken Anti tuberculosis treatment (ATT) from Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) in which defaulter and relapse were the major contributors of MDR-TB cases in our study. Radiological extent of lesions of these patients was less than expectation. Management of comorbidities is essential for compliance to treatment. It necessitates prolonged hospitalization and requires frequent follow-up in the DRTB center.     

对氨基水杨酸钠/力克肺疾治疗耐药肺结核之评价

目的 评价对氨基水杨酸钠和力克肺疾序贯疗法治疗复治耐药肺结核的疗效。方法 59例复发和耐药结核病人（男性30名，女性29名）在起初3个月内两组均给予AKHP静脉滴注和VTh(z）口服治疗；序贯治疗组的30名病人在6个月的巩固期内给予DVTh(Z）口服，而对照则给予EVTh(Z)。结果 治疗9个月后，序贯治疗组痰菌涂片、培养阴转率明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）；其病灶吸收率、空洞闭合和缩小率也均高于对照组。结论 对氨基水杨酸钠／力克肺疾序贯疗法治疗复治耐药肺结核是较理想的方案之一。     

A study of multidrug resistant tuberculosis among symptomatic household contacts of MDR-TB patients

BackgroundDiagnosis and management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a global challenge and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Burden of TB among symptomatic household contacts of MDR-TB is not extensively studied and screening of symptomatic contacts may provide a better opportunity for optimum management and effective TB control.MethodsThis prospective observational study was conducted in the department of Tuberculosis & Chest diseases, S.N. Medical College, Agra from February 2016 to January 2018. The study recruited 271 symptomatic household contacts of 87 index MDR-TB cases. Symptomatic contacts were screened for active disease and latent TB infection. Risk factors for the spread of disease were also looked for.ResultsOut of 271 symptomatic household contacts, 97 (35.79%) had active TB. Among 97 diseased, 62 (22.87%) had MDR-TB and 35 (12.91%) had drug-susceptible TB. 124 contacts (45%) had latent TB infection. Risk factors associated with occurrence of TB included age less than 18 years (OR = 7160, p = 0.1908, RR = 0.8082, p = 0.1887), male sex (OR = 2.3108, p = 0.0021, RR = 1.7444, p = 0.0034), Sibling as index case (OR = 0.6404, p = 0.0804, RR = 0.7520, p = 0.0806), lack of BCG vaccination (OR = 1.7763, p = 0.0271, RR = 1.4338, p = 0.0247) malnutrition (OR = 1.8980, p = 0.0138, RR = 1.5166, p = 0.0159) and lower socioeconomic status (OR = 3.2399, p < 0.0001, RR = 2.1524, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe high case detection rate by screening symptomatic household contacts shows MDR-TB is highly transmissible and household contacts are at a higher risk of developing active disease. It provides an opportunity for early diagnosis, adequate treatment, and interrupt the chain of transmission. Identifying risk factors help prevent the progression of latent TB infection to active disease.