天然气冷油吸收法轻烃回收工艺

以较贫天然气轻烃回收为研究对象,在P-R方程的基础上建立相应的数学模型。利用Hysys对轻烃回收进行模拟,采用部分回流并换热以吸收天然气中的重烃组分的方法,探讨了影响冷油轻烃回收的主要因数如冷油回流量、冷油回流温度以及精馏塔塔板数等,并对这些参数进行了适当的优化得出比较恰当的数据。     

浅析冷油吸收工艺在轻烃回收工艺中的应用

本文主要介绍冷油吸收在神华煤直接液化项目轻烃回收工艺中的应用,并对应用中的一系列问题进行了优化,本装置所采取的的优化措施可为类似装置提供借鉴。结果表明,该工艺下的C3、C4组分回收率可达75%,吸收效果较好。     

轻烃回收低温分离单元的提量优化模拟分析

针对中海石油湛江分公司涠洲终端处理厂轻烃回收装置因处理量增加导致干气产品烃的露点偏高的问题,借助ASPENPLUS软件模拟工艺流程,分析了低温分离单元的敏感性因素,确定了丙烷蒸发器的制冷能力不足和丙烷压缩机水冷器的运行不佳,是导致低温分离系统分离效果差的主要原因。将比热高的原油稳定气经预冷后直接送入脱乙烷塔进行气液分离,并改善循环冷却水水质后,有效改善了丙烷制冷系统的制冷效果,降低了干气温度,提高了膨胀机的J-T效率,降低了分离系统的整体温度,分离效果有明显改善,外输干气烃的露点由-65℃降至-80℃。     

变温吸收法回收装车挥发气工艺研究及应用

对如何回收装车挥发气的方法进行了对比研究,着重介绍了变温吸收法在实际生产中的应用发挥的作用,确定了现有敞口装车挥发气的变温吸收法的回收工艺流程,同时还对轻烃装车部分工艺进行了改造,密闭装车系统和油气回收装置的投用,降低了装车过程中油气的挥发损耗,确保了油气回收率达到95％以上,经济效益十分明显。     

尾气循环的费托反应固定床模拟及分析

费托合成的工业生产过程一般采用尾气循环操作以提高合成气的转化率。文章通过建立尾气循环的固定床二维非均相模型,对不同入口温度、压力、冷却水温度等操作情况进行了模拟计算;同时,详细分析了循环比、循环气和原料气组成等对反应过程CO转化率和热点温度等的影响。结果表明:在反应过程中的CH4等惰性气体体积分数对尾气循环操作下的CO转化率及反应器温度分布有显著影响。     

费托合成工艺油水分离器的工艺设计

根据卧式油水分离器的特点,分析影响油水分离效果的因素。介绍油水分离器的工艺设计,并讨论其操作。     

苯烃回收工艺及设备的改进

苯烃是有机合成工业最重要的化学产品。在所有工业发达的国家,对苯、甲苯和二甲苯这些粗苯主要成分的需求量都在急剧增长。     

费托合成油和石油基油加工产品对比分析

费托合成及煤化工的发展能够有效缓解我国对石油资源的依赖。本文针对低温煤基合成油与传统石油基石脑油、煤油、柴油、润滑油和蜡产品性能进行对比。文章指出与传统石油基产品对比,费托合成油产品具有蜡含量高、无硫、无氮、少芳烃的特性,满足清洁油品的环保要求,同时在高档润滑油基础油和高熔点石蜡等高附加值产品生产方面更具竞争优势。但费托合成油加工的油品普遍存在凝点、冰点、密度等相关关键指标不合格问题,不同油品的生产,均需要通过异构、精制、裂化、重整等技术改善油品的低温流动性,并通过切割、掺炼等工艺改进才能生产符合标准的油品。文章提出结合我国清洁燃料消费及能源结构调整的变化,费托合成工艺和煤制油应发挥高端产品优势,延伸加工产业链,实现粗放型加工向产业链高端迈进。     

液化天然气冷能用于商品天然气轻烃分离回收工艺及过程分析

开发了液化天然气(LNG)冷能用于商品天然气轻烃回收工艺,其乙烷的回收率为96.6%.该工艺的能量利用率分析及分析结果表明,系统的能量利用率为58.7%,效率为91.0%;与电压缩制冷工艺相比,节电效率为90.5%.此外,采用图像分析方法对本工艺进行流分析,诊断出了该系统中损较大的操作单元,为提高该操作单元的利用率及整个工艺系统的优化奠定了理论基础.     

Simulation and energy consumption analysis of a propane plus recovery plant from natural gas

This paper deals with the investigation of a cryogenic plant for the recovery of propane plus compounds from natural gas. The commercially available software ASPEN Plus® has been used to simulate the process, and to investigate the effect of the main operating variables on the efficiency of propane plus recovery and on the energy required by the various pieces of equipment of the plant. With respect to the base case considered, the optimized plant allows to reduce the heat required up to 25%; besides, the refrigeration required can be reduced up to 60%, without significantly affecting the propane plus recovery.     

油吸收法回收干气中乙烯新工艺的开发与模拟

炼厂干气中含有乙烯等有价值的气体,目前多以燃烧为主,造成资源浪费。现有的油吸收法获得的C2产品纯度低,应用范围受到限制。为了获得高纯度的C2产品,文章开发了一种以C5作为吸收剂回收干气中高纯度C2的三塔流程。通过单因素分析研究了吸收压力、吸收温度、吸收剂流量、各塔理论板数等对C2回收率、能耗的影响。结果表明:单位能耗较低时的吸收压力为3—3.2 MPa,吸收温度为-20—-10℃,吸收剂流量为15—20 t/h,吸收塔、解吸塔、精馏塔理论板数分别为20,14,20。通过多因素正交模拟分析发现,对C2回收率影响的因素大小顺序为吸收剂流量吸收温度吸收压力;对能耗影响的因素大小为吸收压力吸收温度吸收剂流量。     

原油蒸馏过程的模拟与分析

采用ASPENPLUS软件的PetroFRAC模块对原油蒸馏过程进行模拟,模拟得到的总物料平衡、操作条件和产品质量等结果与工厂生产装置数据较为一致。通过灵敏度分析发现初馏塔和常压塔塔顶馏出量、常压塔塔底蒸汽量和侧线汽提蒸汽量这几个显著影响拔出率的因素,为原油蒸馏操作优化方案的制定奠定基础。     

油页岩低温干馏过程的Aspen Plus模拟

利用Aspen Plus系统流程模拟软件模拟油页岩的低温干馏,并按照含油率测定实验工况来设置系统流程,以探讨将Aspen Plus应用于油页岩热解领域的可行性。针对吉林地区桦甸一矿4层和二矿11层的油页岩试样进行模拟,并将所得的含油率、含水率、半焦产率、干馏气体产率及半焦中各元素含量等模拟数据与实验值进行对比分析,模拟结果与实测值间的误差均控制在合理范围之内。对比结果表明,系统流程的建模及物性参数设置是正确合理的,可为后期构建完整的油页岩综合利用系统提供参考。     

基于Aspen Plus的原油常减压蒸馏装置的模拟

在Aspen Plus软件平台上,以标定数据为主要输入数据,以产品控制指标为主要约束条件,建立了某厂原油常减压蒸馏装置的稳态模拟流程。在建立过程中,采取对装置流程进行简化处理、将总板效率作为调节变量等方法,使模拟流程的工艺参数、物料平衡和产品恩氏蒸馏数据与生产基本相符。     

酯交换法合成碳酸二甲酯工艺模拟与分析

通过化工流程模拟软件Aspen Plus对酯交换法合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)流程中的反应精馏塔、萃取精馏塔及萃取剂回收塔的主要操作参数进行了优化分析,得到了精馏的最佳操作条件:原料碳酸乙烯酯和甲醇的进料位置分别为第7块、第26块塔板,回流比约0.58;萃取精馏塔中萃取剂和DMC-甲醇二元共沸混合物的进料位置分别为第5块、第27块塔板,回流比约1.0;萃取剂回收塔只有一股进料,进料位置为第6块塔板,回流比约1.7。     

煤制天然气过程模拟与?分析

煤制天然气过程具有设备流程简单、技术成熟可靠、单位热值投资成本低等优点。本文运用Aspen Plus软件建立煤制天然气流程的过程模型,并采用?分析法对系统主要单元进行计算分析,得出系统的?分布状况及各单元的?损失量。结果表明,低温甲醇洗单元的?效率最高,为98.22%,煤气化单元的?效率最低,为58.99%。同时,系统的?损失也主要发生在煤气化单元,占系统总?损失的72.69%。煤气化单元中主要的?损失是由于传热不可逆和化学反应的不可逆性引起的内部?损失,通过优化气化温度、汽氧摩尔比等方式改善气化炉的气化条件是提高气化?效率、降低系统?损失的关键。     

Analysis and optimization of two-column cryogenic process for argon recovery from hydrogen-depleted ammonia purge gas

Traditionally, high-purity argon recovery from air is considerably difficult owing to the boiling point of argon close to that of oxygen. Recently with the increasing demands for argon, another attractive source of ammonia purge gas has been paid more attention. In this paper with an objective of minimizing energy consumption per argon product, the two-column process for recovering argon from hydrogen-depleted ammonia purge gas is analyzed and optimized in detail on the ASPEN PLUS platform. Firstly, the model of two-column process is set up using the standard unit operation blocks and PENG-ROB property method of ASPEN PLUS, in which validation of PENG-ROB property method is carried out by comparison with a total 623 experimental data from three aspects: vapor-liquid equilibrium, liquid phase density, and enthalpy. It is followed by the thermodynamic and simulation and sensitivity analysis, which on the one hand can reduce the number of decision variables related to optimization problem, and on the other hand can obtain reasonable parameter specification, variables initial values and ranges, thus effectively ensuring the later optimization algorithm converges quickly and accurately. Finally the built-in sequential quadratic programming (SQP) solver of ASPEN PLUS is adopted to solve the minimum energy consumption optimization problem of two-column process. On the processor of 2.66 GHz Intel(R) Core (TM)2 Duo CPU with 4 GB RAM, the whole optimization only takes CPU times 10 s or so to accomplish. The optimal results show that thermal state of feed to demethanizer is a very efficient and valuable means to reduce system energy consumption which at T_C05 = 103 K is only 87.4% of that at T_C05 = 109 K where T_C05 is the temperature of feed to demethanizer directly reflecting its thermal state. The condensing pressure of hydrogen-depleted ammonia purge gas also plays a vital role in reducing system energy consumption which is less at higher condensing pressure, whereas it almost has no influence on the yield and purity of argon recovery. The optimal operating pressure of flash separator used to remove the residual hydrogen in the feed hydrogen-depleted ammonia purge gas is 0.4-0.6 MPa (A); the most economical reflux ratio of argon distillation column is 1.15, and that of demethanizer varies from 0.33 to 0.45 depending on thermal state of feed to demethanizer.     

Sensitivity analysis of a light gas oil deep hydrodesulfurization process via catalytic distillation

In this work, a sensitivity analysis of a light gas oil deep hydrodesulfurization catalytic distillation column is presented. The aim is to evaluate the effects of various parameters and operating conditions on the organic sulfur compound elimination by using a realistic light gas oil fraction. The hydrocarbons are modeled using pseudocompounds, while the organic sulfur compounds are modeled using model compounds, i.e., dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT). These are among the most refractive sulfur compounds present in the oil fractions. A sensitivity analysis is discussed for the reflux ratio, bottom flow rate, condenser temperature, hydrogen and gas oil feed stages, catalyst loading, the reactive, stripping, and rectifying stages, feed disturbances, and multiple feeds. The results give insight into the qualitative effect of some of the operating variables and disturbances on organic sulfur elimination. In addition, they show that special attention must be given to the bottom flow rate and LGO feed rate control.     

液化天然气冷量利用与轻烃分离集成优化

为充分利用进口液化天然气(LNG)湿气中的C2+轻烃资源,以流程模拟软件为工具,通过对现有轻烃分离流程的换热网络进行优化设计,开发出了一种LNG冷量利用与轻烃分离相集成的优化工艺流程。此流程轻烃回收率高达95%以上,而且能够将质量分数25%左右的液体甲烷进行低压储存,大大提升了轻烃分离装置的调峰能力;同时通过回收LNG的冷量将分离获得的C2+轻烃液体过冷,使之能够保持低压液相,有利于轻烃的储存、运输和销售。