H2O2处理H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3光催化降解有机染料的研究

采用浸渍法将H3PW12O40负载在ZrO2-WO3上,通过H2O2溶液的敏化,制得H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3（x）光催化剂,明显提高了其在模拟自然光下的催化活性。然后以光降解甲基橙为探针反应,对各反应影响因素进行了探究。在甲基橙初始浓度为5mg/L,溶液pH为2.5,催化剂的用量为0.3 g的优化情况下,光降解2 h,甲基橙的降解率达到91.16%,H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3（x）光催化降解甲基橙溶液为一级动力学反应。且H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3（x）对甲基橙、罗丹明B、碱性品和和亚甲基蓝均具有较高的光催化活性,降解率达70%-91.16%。     

H2O2处理H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3光催化降解有机染料

采用浸渍法将H3PW12O40负载在ZrO2-WO3上,通过H2O2溶液的敏化,制得H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3(x)光催化剂。然后以光降解甲基橙为探针反应,对各反应影响因素进行了探究。在甲基橙初始质量浓度为5 mg/L,溶液pH=2.5,催化剂用量为0.3 g的优化条件下,光降解2 h,甲基橙的降解率达到91.2%,光催化降解甲基橙溶液为一级动力学反应。且H3PW12O40/ZrO2-WO3(x)对罗丹明B、碱性品红和和亚甲基蓝也具有较高的光催化活性,降解率分别为70.0%、73.0%和73.5%。     

Ce-ZnO@TiO2纳米薄膜的制备及其光催化性能研究

将低温常压水热法制备的ZnO纳米花通过稀土Ce掺杂和TiO_2纳米纤维原位固定,自组装形成ZnO@TiO_2和Ce-ZnO@TiO_2宏观薄膜,以罗丹明B和甲基橙为降解底物,搭建循环光催化反应装置,研究薄膜材料的光催化活性。实验结果表明,Ce-ZnO,ZnO@TiO_2和Ce-ZnO@TiO_2复合物的光催化活性分别是单纯ZnO的1.6倍,1.4倍和1.9倍。由此可见,Ce的掺杂和ZnO/TiO_2异质结的形成,都将提高材料的光催化活性,而且产品的宏观膜形态便于回收重复利用。     

可见光驱动AgCl/Ag3PO4复合材料的制备及活性评价

以AgNO3、Na2 HPO4和NaCl为原料,采用简易离子交换法制备可见光驱动AgCl/Ag3PO4复合材料,利用XRD、EDX、FESEM、UV-vis等测试手段对其进行表征.低能耗LED灯为可见光光源,阳离子染料罗丹明B和阴离子染料甲基橙为探针,评价AgCl/Ag3 PO4复合材料的光催化活性.调节NaCl加入量实现AgCl/Ag3PO4复合材料中AgCl含量的调控.AgCl/Ag3PO4复合材料可实现对水体中罗丹明B和甲基橙的降解,尤其是对罗丹明B的高效去除.NaCl用量为1 mmol时制备AgCl/Ag3PO4复合材料可见光催化降解罗丹明B和甲基橙的活性强于Ag3PO4,且循环使用效率高.AgCl/Ag3PO4可见光催化反应体系中的活性物种为超氧自由基和空穴,其中空穴占主导地位.     

CuS纳米材料的水热法制备及其光催化性质研究

以氯化铜和硫代乙酰胺为原料,聚乙二醇400(PEG400)为表面活性剂,采用水热法在160℃下反应10h成功制备了CuS纳米管和CuS纳米颗粒。用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N_2吸脱附和荧光光谱仪(PL)多种手段对产品进行表征。以罗丹明B、甲基橙为目标降解物,考察了CuS纳米管和纳米颗粒的光催化活性。结果表明:所制备的产品为六方相CuS;PEG400对产品的形貌有很大影响;CuS纳米管在紫外光照射140min后对罗丹明B和甲基橙的降解率达到81.5%和87.9%,CuS纳米颗粒对罗丹明B和甲基橙的降解率约为63.5%和66.6%。CuS纳米管的光催化活性明显优于CuS纳米颗粒。     

TiO_2/FeOOH/硅藻土纳米复合材料的制备和光催化性能研究

采用分子组装的方法,以硅藻土为基底制备TiO_2/硅藻土、TiO_2/FeOOH/硅藻土纳米复合材料,通过UV-Vis、TEM方法对材料进行表征,以甲基橙溶液为目标降解物探究纳米复合材料的光催化性能,结果表明,基底制备TiO_2/硅藻土、TiO_2/FeOOH/硅藻土纳米复合材料对甲基橙均有不错的降解率,其中TiO_2/FeOOH/硅藻土纳米复合材料降解率达到67.16%。     

Ag/ZnO复合材料的制备及其光催化研究

通过光还原沉积改性法制备了含不同含量Ag的Ag/ZnO复合材料(0.5%,1%,2%,5%,10%),对其进行了X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜表征,并利用光催化降解甲基橙溶液研究复合材料的光催化性能。结果表明:Ag仅负载在ZnO粒子表面上而未进入其晶格内。Ag/ZnO复合材料可以有效地降解甲基橙;适量的Ag修饰ZnO可大大提高Ag/ZnO复合材料的光催化活性。过大的沉积量会导致Ag的浪费,且会使Ag/ZnO原子簇增大,不利于光催化反应的效率提高。     

燃烧法制备纳米ZnO及光催化降解甲基橙的研究

分别以甘氨酸和柠檬酸为燃料,Zn（NO3）2为氧化剂,采用燃烧法制备纳米ZnO粉体并采用模拟太阳光进行甲基橙光催化降解研究。XRD和SEM表征样品表明,燃烧法能简单、快速制备纳米ZnO粉体。研究表明,燃烧剂和氧化剂的配比以及反应温度对制备的纳米ZnO降解甲基橙效果有较大影响。Zn（NO3）2与甘氨酸之比为0．2～0．5（物质的量比）,反应温度为5000C;Zn（NO3）2与柠檬酸之比为1．5,反应温度为600℃进行反应制备得到的纳米ZnO降解甲基橙效果较好。降解实验的结果表明,纳米ZnO能有效地光催化降解甲基橙染料。以柠檬酸为燃料制备的ZnO样品,在1h内对10mg·L^-1甲基橙溶液的降解率为90％。     

牡蛎壳粉为载体的纳米ZnO光催化降解甲基橙的研究

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和Na2CO3为原料,采用沉淀法制备了以牡蛎壳粉为载体的纳米ZnO催化剂. 以高压汞灯(主波长365 nm)为光源,以所制备纳米ZnO催化降解甲基橙溶液,研究了催化剂用量、甲基橙初始浓度、光照时间、光强度等对甲基橙光催化降解效果的影响.结果表明,ZnO用量为3 g·L-1时,甲基橙降解率最高.     

偏压对ZnO/WO3复合材料光电催化性能的影响

通过球磨法和丝网印刷技术,制备得到了WO3质量分数为50%的ZnO/WO3复合光催化电极。当偏压从0 V增加到3 V时,ZnO/WO3复合材料对甲基橙的降解率先增加后减小,在1 V时,降解率出现极大值。继续增加电压到4 V时,ZnO/WO3复合材料对甲基橙的降解率急剧增加。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.