Modeling the unethical intention of software piracy: a qualitative integration of network externalities and information cascades

Information cascades and network externalities have been increasingly influential in explaining the many market outcomes of information technology (IT), but their application to ethical issues of IT has been limited. This study proposes a conceptual model of unethical intention of software piracy by integrating information cascades and network externalities in terms of a theoretical perspective from the literature of economics. In the conceptual model, unethical intention of software piracy is proposed to be influenced by the network benefits of using pirated software, while the network benefits are proposed to be affected by the overall adopter base of pirated software directly and indirectly through the availability of pirated complementary software. Accordingly, whereas the perception of others’ piracy is proposed to be influenced by the overall adopter base of pirated software, the unethical intention of software piracy is proposed to be influenced indirectly by the perception of others’ piracy through the perceived signal that piracy seems a good idea. Finally, this study also provides the conclusion and limitation.     

Social network influence and market instability

Models of social networks depict individuals’ dependency. They offer a systematic way to capture the connectedness and opinion formations in the complex web of interpersonal influences. This paper studies price stability of a capital market, where the dynamics of participants’ opinion formations is formalized using social network models. Stability condition is derived. It is also identified how network structures are important in communications and in determining market stability. It is found that factors of highly-connected networks and balanced weight allocation on information sources can in fact be stabilizing. In applications, this study supports the view that the key to reduce the volatility behaviour of emerging-market securities lies in the development of an efficient investor base. It is suggested that one way to achieve this is by broadening and diversifying both the international and domestic investor categories for the underlying market.     

Social innovation with open source software: User engagement and development challenges in India

A diverse range of innovative solutions based on Free-and-Open-Source Software (FOSS) have been developed for marginalized communities in developing countries. It has been suggested that such small-scale and home-grown solutions (e.g. mobile phone apps), usually championed by social enterprises (SEs), are more likely to introduce pro-poor change than infrastructure heavy ICT initiatives designed by state and other international actors. In the Indian context, FOSS-based social innovations (SIs) introduced by SEs are helping poor communities tackle previously thought-to-be unresolvable socio-economic problems. An interesting question, therefore, would be: in what ways is the SE model and approach uniquely equipped to develop FOSS-based SIs that deliver pro-poor change? The empirical component of the research attempts to shed light on this question by uncovering the nuts and bolts of the development methodology deployed by an SE during the coding and launch of an FOSS-based SI. Findings highlight the significant role of the founder's social vision; the challenges of accurately capturing and translating to software developers the nature and nuance of social problems; and, the incumbent issues in putting together a methodology that creates active user engagement throughout the software development process, overcoming difficult barriers such as language and culture.     

Social influence in technology adoption: taking stock and moving forward

Social influence has been shown to profoundly affect human behavior in general and technology adoption in particular. Over time, multiple definitions and measures of social influence have been introduced to the field of technology adoption research, contributing to an increasingly fragmented landscape of constructs that challenges the conceptual integrity of the field. Consequently, this paper sets out to review how social influence has been conceptualized in technology adoption research. In so doing, this paper attempts to inform researchers’ understanding of the construct, reconcile its myriad conceptualizations, constructively challenge extant approaches, and provide impulses for future research. A systematic review of the salient literature uncovers that extant interpretations of social influence are (1) predominantly compliance-based and as such risk overlooking identification- and internalization-based effects; (2) primarily targeted at the individual level and non-social technologies, thereby precluding the impact of socially enriched environments; and (3) heavily reliant on survey-based and US/China-centric samples, which jeopardizes the generalizability and predictive validity of the findings. Building upon these insights, this paper develops an integrated perspective on social influence in technology adoption research that encourages scholars to pursue a multi-theoretical understanding of social influence at the interface of users, social referents, and technology.     

软件水印研究述评

随着计算机技术和因特网技术的飞速发展,数字产品的传播、拷贝更容易,因而其版权保护已成为一个十分重要的问题。文章详细介绍了软件水印这种新兴的软件版权保护技术,深入分析了软件水印的现状、分类以及各类软件水印的基本思想,并分别讨论了这些方法的利弊,最后提出软件水印的下一步发展方向。     

中国软件业挥之不去的“印度之痒”

我国的软件产业正受着来自于印度的困扰:相对于在高科技领域具有优势的中国,印度的软件业却发展迅速,成了在中国软件业人士心头挥之不去的“印度之痒”。     

基于Surfer软件的高精度土方量计算

为了提高土方量计算的精度及效率,文章提出了基于Surfer的土方量计算方法,该方法是以surfer作为软件平台,基于已有数据建立数字高程模型,建立土方量计算原始表面与设计表面的精确地形模型,计算两个曲面之间的组合体积来实现土方量的计算方法。     

通过类的继承实现软件重用

文章通过介绍类的继承的部分理论知识以及在编程过程中怎样具体使用派生类,从而说明类的继承是一种软件开发的重用技术,并通过实例对该技术进行研究和实现。     

Why internet service provider and content provider do not collaborate via monitoring of digital piracy

Internet service providers (ISPs) and content providers (CPs) have a symbiosis relationship in the Internet business ecosystem. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of and the conditions for their revenue sharing by means of on-line content piracy monitoring. CPs can benefit from the efforts of ISPs to monitor illegal content consumers, and can have the incentives to collaborate with ISPs. We suggest that if the quality degradation of a pirated content is low as in real world, there may not be a successful collaboration because CPs have little incentives to share their revenues with ISPs. We also investigated the impacts of ISP's piracy monitoring cost level, the value of contents, and CP's access fee per traffic on the possibility of their collaboration.     

基于社会资本视角的物流企业社会责任研究

从社会资本的视角研究物流企业的社会责任.通过分析社会资本对物流企业战略发展的作用以及社会资本和社会责任之间的转化机制,探讨物流企业如何通过积极履行社会责任,积累社会资本,提高企业的竞争力和可持续发展能力.     

社会转型期社会治理创新研究

社会治理不仅限于政府的治理职能,还包括其它主体以及社会自身的治理。创新是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力,是一个民族进步的灵魂,在国家各个层面的创新中,社会治理创新显得尤其重要和紧迫,特别是我国正处于社会转型期,这既是重要的战略机遇期、发展的黄金期,又是社会矛盾凸显期、社会风险隐患期。社会治理是全社会的共同行为,要发挥政府主导作用,鼓励和支持社会各方参与,从传统的社会管理走向时代发展要求的社会治理。因此,社会治理创新势在必行,其研究迫在眉睫。文章从社会公正、社会关系和社会风险三个维度,分析了社会治理的本质,其目的是发现和化解各种社会矛盾和不安定因素,维护社会稳定,以达到构建社会治理的有效性。     

Survival analysis software on MS/PC-DOS computers

There exist more than a dozen MS/PC-DOS programs with the capability of performing some form of survival analysis. Most of these are reviewed here, with respect to (1) the survival analysis methods they cover, (2) their ease of use and flexibility, (3) their user interface, (4) their graphics capabilities, and (5) their computational accuracy.     

Social Capital and Social Influence on the Board of Directors

It is often assumed that directors with human capital such as prior management experience or independence from the company are the most influential board members. By contrast, in a survey of all the board members in 14 companies we found that ties to others in a network of strong ties among those who meet outside of board meetings were more important predictors of social influence than human capital or ties across boards. These ties within the board represent the social capital of members in the form of prior relationships with other directors, ties to others on the board, and membership in cliques within the board's network of ties. These results support a social capital perspective on influence that emphasizes relationships with others on the board as important factors in the social dynamics of board decision-making.     

面向行政单位的开发数据处理软件设计

文章论述了面向行政单位的开发数据软件系统的需求分析,数据库设计,软件体系结构,以及VFP作为客户端开发工具,ORACLE作为数据库服务器的物理实现。