云南老王寨金矿床合矿流体来源及其特性研究

云南老王寨金矿床合矿流体来源及其特性研究何明友，胡瑞忠（中国科学院地球化学研究所，贵阳５５０００２）关键词金矿床，含矿流体，来源，特性，老王寨云南老王寨金矿床含矿流体的来源，目前尚未取得共识，已有的观点归纳起来有：火山热液论、变质热液论、岩浆热液论及...     

幔源岩浆活动过程中的去气作用 ——以云南老王寨金矿煌斑岩为例

本文以云南老王寨金矿煌斑岩为例，从岩石产出的构造环境、源区地幔交代富集作用、岩浆演化中硅酸盐熔体-碳酸盐熔体液态不混熔作用、岩石中CO     

The Nature of Ore‐forming Fluids of the Carlin‐type Gold Deposit in Southwest China: A Case from the Zimudang Gold Deposit

The Zimudang gold deposit is a large Carlin‐type gold deposit in the Southwest Guizhou Province, China, with an average Au content of 6.2 g/t. Gold is mainly hosted in the fault zone and surrounding strata of the F1 fault and Permian Longtan Formation, and the ore bodies are strictly controlled by both the faults and strata. Detailed mineralogy and geochemistry studies are conducted to help judge the nature of ore‐forming fluids. The results indicate that the Au is generally rich in the sulfides of both ores and wall rocks in the deposit, and the arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite are the main gold‐bearing sulfides. Four subtypes of arsenian pyrite are found in the deposit, including the euhedral and subhedral pyrite, framboidal pyrite, pyrite aggregates and pyrite veins. The euhedral and subhedral pyrite, which can take up about 80% of total pyrite grains, is the dominant type. Au distributed unevenly in the euhedral and subhedral pyrite, and the content of the Au in the rim is relatively higher than in the core. Au in the pyrite veins and pyrite aggregates is lower than the euhedral and subhedral pyrite. No Au has been detected in the points of framboidal pyrites in this study. An obvious highly enriched As rim exists in the X‐ray images of euhedral pyrites, implying the ore‐forming fluids may be rich in As. The relationship between Au and As reveals that the Au may host as a solid solution (Au⁺) and nanoparticles of native gold (Au⁰) in the sulfides. The high Co/Ni ratio (>1) of sulfides and the enrichment of W in the ores all reflect that the gold‐bearing minerals and ore‐forming process were mainly related to the hydrothermal fluids, but the magmatic and volcanic activities cannot be neglected. The general existence of Au and As in the sulfides of both ores and wall rocks and the REE results suggest that the ore‐forming fluids may mainly be derived from the basin itself. The enrichment of Tl suggests that the ore‐forming fluids may be enriched in Cl. The Ce and Eu show slightly or apparently negative anomalies, which means the ore fluids were probably formed under reducing environment. The Y/Ho ratios of ore samples fluctuate around 28, implying the bicarbonate complexation and fluorine were both involved in the ore‐forming process. Combined with the previous studies and our results, we infer that the ore‐forming fluids enriched Au, As, HS^? and halogen (F, Cl) were derived from the mixture of reducing basinal fluids and magmatic or volcanic hydrothermal fluids.     

Ore‐Forming Fluids as Sampled by Sulfide‐ and Quartz‐Hosted Fluid Inclusions in the Jinwozi Lode Gold Deposit,Eastern Tianshan Mountains of China

The Jinwozi lode gold deposit in the eastern Tianshan Mountains of China includes auriferous quartz veins and network quartz veins that are exemplified by the Veins 3 and 210, respectively. This paper presents H‐, O‐isotope compositions and gas compositions of fluid inclusions hosted in sulfides and quartz, and S‐, Pb‐isotope compositions of sulfide separates collected from the principal Stage 2 ores in Veins 3 and 210. Fluid inclusions trapped in quartz and sphalerite are pseudo‐secondary and primary. They were trapped from the fluids during the successive or alternate precipitation of quartz with sulfides. H‐ and O‐isotope compositions of fluid inclusion of three pyrite and one quartz separates from Vein 210 plot within the field of degassed melt, which is evidence for the incorporation of magmatic fluid as well with some possibility of contribution of metamorphic water to the hydrothermal system since the two datasets show a higher oxygen isotopic ratio than those of degassed melt. However, δD and δ¹⁸O values of fluid inclusions hosted in sulfides and quartz from Vein 3 are distinctly lower than those from Vein 210. In addition, salinities of fluid inclusion from Vein 3, approximately 3 to 6 wt% NaCl equivalent, are considerably lower than those from Vein 210, which are approximately 8 to 14 wt% NaCl equivalent. Ore‐forming fluids of Veins 3 and 210 have migrated through the relatively high and low levels in the imbricate‐thrust column where rock deformation is characterized by dilatancy or ductile–brittle transition, respectively. Therefore, the ore‐forming fluid of Vein 3 is interpreted to have mixed with greater amounts of meteoric‐derived groundwater than that of Vein 210. Fluid inclusions hosted in sulfides contain considerably higher abundances of gaseous species of CO₂, N₂, H₂S, and so on, than those hosted in quartz. Many of these gaseous species exhibit linear correlations with H₂O. These linear trends are interpreted in terms of mixing between magmatic fluid and groundwater. The relative enrichment of gaseous species in fluid inclusions hosted in sulfides, coupled with the banded ore structure, suggests that the magmatic fluid was involved with the ore‐forming fluid in pulsation. Lead isotope compositions of 21 pyrite and galena separates form a linear trend, suggesting mixing of metallic materials from diverse reservoirs. The δ³⁴S values of pyrite and galena range from +5.6‰ to +7.9‰ and from +3.1‰ to +6.3‰, respectively, indicating sulfur of the Jinwozi deposit has been leached mainly from the granodiorite and partly from the Jinwozi Formation by the circulating ore‐forming fluid.     

Fluid Evolution and Ore‐forming Processes of the Jiama Cu Deposit,Tibet: Evidence from Fluid Inclusions

The Jiama deposit is a large copper deposit in Tibet. Mineralization occurs in three different host rocks: skarn, hornfels and porphyry. A detailed fluid inclusion study was conducted for veins in the different host rocks to investigate the relationship between fluid evolution and ore-forming processes. Based on examination of cores from 36 drill holes, three types of veins(A, B and D) were identified in the porphyries, four types(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ andⅣ) in the skarn, and three(a, b and c) in the hornfels. The crosscutting relationships of the veins and that of the host rocks suggest two hydrothermal stages, one early and one late stage. Fluid inclusions indicate that the Jiama hydrothermal fluid system underwent at least two episodes of fluid boiling. The first boiling event occurred during the early hydrothermal stage, as recorded by fluid inclusions hosted in type A veins in the porphyries, type a veins in the hornfels, and wollastonite in the skarns. This fluid boiling event was associated with relatively weak mineralization. The second boiling event occurred in the late hydrothermal stage, as determined from fluid inclusions hosted in type B and D veins in the porphyries, type Ⅰ to Ⅳ veins in the skarns, and type b and c veins in the hornfels. This late boiling event, together with mixing with meteoric water, was responsible for more than 90% of the metal accumulation in the deposit. The first boiling only occurred in the central part of the deposit and the second boiling event took place across an entire interlayered structural zone between hornfels and marble. A spatial zoning of ore-elements is evident, and appears to be related to different migration pathways and precipitation temperatures of Cu, Mo, Pb, Zn, Au and Ag.     

Mineral Paragenesis and Ore‐Forming Processes of the Dongping Gold Deposit,Hebei Province,China

The Dongping gold deposit is located near the center of the northern margin of the North China Craton. It is hosted in the Shuiquangou syenite and characterized by large amounts of tellurides. Numerous studies have addressed this deposit; the mineral paragenesis and ore‐forming processes, however, are still poorly studied. In this contribution, a new mineral paragenesis has been evaluated to further understand ore formation, including sulfides (pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, molybdenite, and bornite), tellurides (altaite, calaverite, hessite, muthmannite, petzite, rucklidgeite, sylvanite, tellurobismuthite, tetradymite, and volynskite), and native elements (tellurium and gold). Molybdenite, muthmannite, rucklidgeite, and volynskite are reported for the first time in this deposit. We consider the Dongping gold deposit mainly formed in the Devonian, and the ore‐forming processes and the physicochemical conditions for ore formation can be reconstructed based on our newly identified ore paragenesis, that is, iron oxides → (CO₂ effervescence) → sulfides → (fTe₂/fS₂ ratio increase) → Pb‐Bi‐tellurides → (condensation of H₂Te vapor) → Au‐Ag‐tellurides → (mixing with oxidizing water) → carbonate and microporous gold → secondary minerals → secondary minerals. The logfO₂ values increase from the early to late stages, while the fH₂S and logfS₂ values increase initially and then decrease. CO₂ effervescence is the main mechanism of sulfides precipitation; this sulfidation and condensation of H₂Te vapor lead to deposition of tellurides. The development of microporous gold indicates that the deposit might experience overprint after mineralization. The Dongping gold deposit has a close genetic relationship with the Shuiquangou syenite, and tellurium likely originated from Shuiquangou alkaline magmatic degassing.     

云南老王寨金矿煌斑岩蚀变、矿化过程中元素活动规律

广泛分布于云南老王寨金矿、与金矿化在时间上、空间上密切共生的煌斑岩普遍遭受不同程度的蚀变，部分经历了矿化作用，根据岩石的蚀变程度及是否矿化可将本区煌斑岩发成新鲜（弱蚀变）、蚀变、矿化三种。质量平衡方程对煌斑岩蚀变、矿化过程中元素活动规律的计算结果表明，引起本区煌斑岩蚀变的流体为一种含过渡元素、新石元素、挥发性元素和亲硫元素（或成矿元素）的富硅、铝碱性流体，这种流体可能是本区煌斑岩石浆演化到晚期分异出来的产物；引起本区煌斑岩矿化的为富含Ｋ２Ｏ、ＣａＯ、ＣＯ２、Ｆ、Ｃｌ、Ｓ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ａｕ、Ａｇ等元素的流体，这种流体具有多源性     

西藏扎西康多金属矿床成矿过程中的流体性质演化初探

扎西康铅锌银锑多金属矿床是北喜马拉雅成矿带中重要的铅锌锑多金属矿床,对其成矿过程的研究对其深部资源预测具有重要的指导意义。本文通过野外地质调查结合成矿流体包裹体研究,获得该矿床成矿前硅化、成矿早期铁锰碳酸盐化、中早期毒砂黄铁矿化、中期含铅锌硅化、晚期含锑硅化和成矿后硅化方解石化的流体温度分别为297、280、264、251、215~247和183~237℃,盐度分别为17.80%、8.39%、6.50%、5.98%、2.75%-5.29%和4.28%Na Cleq(wt)。研究表明,成矿流体为顺断裂运移的具有显著岩浆贡献的中高温、中等盐度、较高硫逸度含CO2、CH4和N2的热液与中温低盐度下渗大气降水在断裂中混合的产物。两者的混合改变了流体温度、盐度和硫逸度等进而沉淀金属矿物形成矿体。锑矿化温度低于铅锌矿化温度,下部~247℃锑矿化的发现暗示深部有进一步找矿的空间。     

新疆阿希低硫型金矿床流体地球化学特征与成矿机制

位于新疆西天山的阿希金矿为一赋存于古生代陆相火山岩中的冰长石—绢云母型（低硫型）浅成低温热液金矿床,其围岩为下石炭统安山质火山岩和火山碎屑岩。矿体呈脉状产出,严格受古火山机构外围的环形断裂带控制。成矿作用分为石英—玉髓状石英脉阶段、石英脉阶段、石英碳酸盐脉阶段、硫化物脉阶段、碳酸盐脉阶段,形成的矿石有石英脉型和蚀变岩型两类。成矿作用阶段形成的流体包裹体主要有三类：液相水溶液包裹体、富液相气液两相水溶液包裹体和富气相的气液两相水溶液包裹体,其中以前两类为主。三类流体包裹体在矿石中同时出现,说明它们形成于非均一的流体介质条件,矿床形成时流体发生了沸腾作用。成矿流体冰点温度一般为-0.3--2.3℃,相应盐度为0.48%-3.75%NaCleq,平均1.85%NaCleq;冰点峰值温度位于-0.4--1.6℃,相应盐度为0.66%-2.63%NaCleq。流体包裹体均一温度为121-335℃,平均209℃;均一温度峰值为140-240℃,计算得到流体密度为0.73-0.96,成矿深度小于700m。成矿流体的氢、氧同位素变化范围小,δDSMOW,H2O=-98‰--116‰,δ18OSMOW,H2O=-0.55‰-1.65‰;碳同位素δ13CPDB,方解石=2.6‰-4.9‰,δ34SCDT=-4.0‰-3.1‰,平均值为δ34SCDT=-0.45‰,表明成矿流体主要为循环的大气降水,成矿物质主要来自赋矿围岩火山岩及基底岩石。含金石英脉中冰长石、叶片状石英和硫化物集合体的出现,以及气相比例和均一温度变化很大的液相、富液相和富气相的水溶液包裹体的共生,说明流体的沸腾作用是引起成矿流体中矿质发生沉淀富集的主要成矿机制;对于蚀变岩型矿石,其成矿以水岩交代反应为主,成矿作用过程中流体处于近中性pH值环境。     

Structures and Implications for Fluid Migration in the Jiadi Carlin‐Type Gold Deposit,Guizhou Province,Southwest China

The Jiadi gold deposit is a newly discovered Carlin‐type gold deposit in the Guizhou Province, Southwest China. This deposit is structurally controlled by a shallow fold–fault superimposed system along the Lianhuashan trend. Field geological investigations, structural analysis, and mathematical research are conducted to study its structures and hydrothermal fluid flow process. Geological investigations (i.e. sections, stope, and drill hole) indicate that the structures are dominated by NE‐trending folds, NWW‐trending folds, and faults. A trend‐surface analysis of the low interformational fracture zone suggests that the overall distribution of the Lianhuashan trend is controlled by the NE‐trending Lianhuashan anticline. Nearly all primary Carlin‐type gold deposits are distributed along the southeastern flank where the fold axis changes from NE to EW. Gold orebodies are hosted by the interformational fracture zones and primarily situated at the transitions from the high‐value areas to the low‐value areas of the interformational fracture zones. A stress analysis on the hydrothermal veins indicates that they are of tenso‐shear properties. The ore‐forming elements (Au, As, Sb, Hg, and Tl) of the hydrothermal veins from the interformational fracture zones and intrusive breccia body present strong positive anomalies compared with those from the adjacent wall rocks. According to the development patterns of the ore‐forming elements and hydrothermal veins, a migration process of the ore‐forming fluids is proposed: the deeply sourced ore‐forming fluids migrated vertically to shallow crust along an intrusive breccia body, subsequently flowed horizontally along the interformational fracture zones accompanied by gold precipitation in the early stage, and finally migrated outward along steep micro‐fractures during following stages.     

康定县三碉金矿床流体包裹体研究

探讨康定县三碉金矿床的流体包裹体特征,分析成矿流体的性质,有助于该区成矿条件的认识.通过使用显微冷热台检测该矿床流体包裹体样本的温度,得到该矿床的均一温度、冰点数据,分析其成矿物理化学条件.结果显示,样品的均一温度集中在140～320℃之间,部分样品的均一温度接近500℃;盐度w(NaCl,eqv)集中于6.79％～3...     

新疆东准噶尔绿源金矿床成因研究：流体包裹体及氢、氧同位素制约

东准噶尔绿源金矿是近年来新发现的矿床,位于野马泉-琼河坝古生代岛弧带东段的琼河坝矿集区。矿体主要产于上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组中酸性火山岩中,呈似层状、条带状、透镜状,多受断裂构造控制。流体成矿作用可分为4个阶段:石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英(玉髓)-金-黄铁矿阶段、石英-金-多金属硫化物阶段、石英-碳酸盐阶段,其中阶段2和阶段3为金主要成矿阶段。金属硫化物组合主要为黄铁矿-毒砂-闪锌矿-黄铜矿±银金矿组合。文章从流体包裹体和H、O同位素研究入手,对该矿床成矿流体和矿床成因进行探讨。流体包裹体岩相学特征显示,本矿床热液矿物中流体包裹体存在3种类型:富液相气液两相水溶液包裹体(V+L型)、富气相气液两相水溶液包裹体(V型)和纯液相水溶液包裹体(L型)。其中,V+L型包裹体数量最多,各阶段热液矿物中均有发育;V型包裹体数量最少;L型包裹体数量较少。显微测温结果显示:绿源金矿床石英中流体包裹体均一温度介于115~349℃之间,盐度集中于0.7%~8.8%NaCl eqv.之间,密度介于0.66~0.98g/cm~3之间;从阶段2至阶段4,流体均一温度从268~322℃,经181~300℃,降为115~176℃。这些都表明绿源金矿床成矿流体具有低温、低盐度、低密度的特征,与典型浅成低温热液型金矿成矿流体特征相似。对成矿压力和深度的估算表明,其成矿压力为(73~335)×10~5Pa(均值203×10~5Pa),成矿深度为0.24~1.12km(均值0.68km),显示出浅成热液矿床的特征。流体包裹体激光拉曼探针分析显示,各阶段包裹体成分类似,气相成分和液相成分主要为H_2O。成矿流体氢、氧同位素组成分别为δD_(H_2O)=-108.8‰~-129.0‰、δ~(18) O_(H_2O)=-7.2‰~4.6‰,表明成矿流体具有多来源,以大气降水为主的特征。综合矿床地质特征和成矿流体研究,认为流体不混溶作用可能是绿源金矿床的重要成矿机制,该矿床应属浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

The Ore-forming Fluid of the Gold Deposits of Muru Gold Belt in Eastern Shandong, China - a Case Study of Denggezhuang Gold Deposit

Abstract. Denggezhuang gold deposit is an epithermal gold‐quartz vein deposit in northern Muru gold belt, eastern Shandong, China. The deposit occurs in the NNE‐striking faults within the Mesozoic granite. The deposit consists of four major veins with a general NNE‐strike. Based on crosscutting relationships and mineral parageneses, the veins appear to have been formed during the same mineralization epochs, and are further divided into three stages: (1) massive barren quartz veins; (2) quartz‐sulfides veins; (3) late, pure quartz or calcite veinlets. Most gold mineralization is associated with the second stage. The early stage is characterized by quartz, and small amounts of ore minerals (pyrite), the second stage is characterized by large amounts of ore minerals. Fluid inclusions in vein quartz contain C‐H‐O fluids of variable compositions. Three main types of fluid inclusions are recognized at room temperature: type I, two‐phase, aqueous vapor and an aqueous liquid phase (L+V); type II, aqueous‐carbonic inclusions, a CC₂‐liquid with/without vapor and aqueous liquid (LCO₂+VCC₂+Laq.); type III, mono‐phase aqueous liquid (Laq.). Data from fluid inclusion distribution, microthermometry, and gas analysis indicate that fluids associated with Au mineralized quartz veins (stage 2) have moderate salinity ranging from 1.91 to 16.43 wt% NaCl equivalent (modeled salinity around 8–10 wt% NaCl equiv.). These veins formatted at temperatures from 80d? to 280d?C. Fluids associated with barren quartz veins (stage 3) have a low salinity of about 1.91 to 2.57 wt% NaCl equivalent and lower temperature. There is evidence of fluid immiscibility and boiling in ore‐forming stages. Stable isotope analyses of quartz indicate that the veins were deposited by waters with δ^O and δD values ranging from those of magmatic water to typical meteoric water. The gold metallogenesis of Muru gold belt has no relationship with the granite, and formed during the late stage of the crust thinning of North China.     

胶东邓格庄金矿床流体包裹体氦、氩同位素组成及其成矿物质来源示踪

矿床成因和成矿物质来源一直是成矿理论研究和实际找矿中争论的焦点。选择了邓格庄金矿床5件不同成矿阶段的矿石样品,对黄铁矿流体包裹体氦、氩同位素进行了测试。研究结果表明：R/R_a值为0.008 33～3.612 00,平均为1.400 00;⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar值为465.7～4 674.7;⁴He/⁴⁰Ar^* 值为0.36～1.36,成矿流体中地幔端元流体的比例为3.73%～45.87%,平均为17.67%。结合氢氧同位素、岩浆岩、围岩蚀变和流体包裹体等证据,反映了成矿流体具地壳流体和地幔流体混合特征,主要来源于地壳,并有明显地幔流体混入,上升过程中可能还有少量大气降水的参与。     

广西平南新坪金矿成矿流体特征及矿床成因初探

广西新坪金矿地处大瑶山多金属成矿带六岑矿田,矿体主要受新坪复式背斜和近东西向的断裂破碎带控制,赋存于寒武系黄洞口组砂岩、砂泥岩中。石英流体包裹体数据显示,成矿流体为中温低盐度低密度含CO₂的流体;流体中阳离子以Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺为主,阴离子以Cl^-为主。氢氧同位素分析表明,成矿流体中水可能主要来源于岩浆,并叠加有变质水,且不排除有少量大气水加入的特征;矿石硫化物的硫同位素组成范围较窄,多为距离零轴很近的负值,推断可能是深源硫与地层硫的混合。根据本次分析及结合前人研究表明,Au来源具有多源性,主要来源于寒武系地层,但区内深源岩浆岩也有提供Au的可能性。据以上分析,结合前人对该地区矿床成因的研究,初步认为新坪金矿属于变质-岩浆热液叠加成矿。     

新疆西天山达巴特斑岩铜钼矿床成矿流体演化

新疆达巴特铜钼矿床位于天山造山带的北缘,赛里木地块的中部,成矿与晚石炭世-早二叠世浅成侵入体有关。对该矿床详细的矿石组构、流体包裹体显微测温和激光拉曼光谱分析揭示,其流体成矿先后经历了辉钼矿-黄铜矿-石英脉(Ⅰ)、无矿石英脉(Ⅱ)、辉钼矿-石英脉(Ⅲ)和方解石-石英脉(Ⅳ)等4个阶段。从早到晚不同阶段,包裹体均一温度集中分布在336~414℃、276~393℃、221~396℃、192~287℃,盐度为(4.5~9.9)%Na Cleq、(1.6~8.4)%Na Cleq、(1.2~45.6)%Na Cleq、(1.6~7.5)%Na Cleq,密度为0.57~0.76 g/cm3、0.54~0.80 g/cm3、0.51~1.11 g/cm3、0.76~0.91 g/cm3,随成矿流体温度、盐度降低,密度渐升,还原性增强。Ⅰ、Ⅲ阶段都发育矿化,包裹体具有明显的沸腾特征,且气相成分中均发现CO2,表明Ⅰ和Ⅲ阶段的流体沸腾可能导致金属沉淀,且CO2对金属运移可能具有重要作用。压力估算得到达巴特矿床Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ阶段脉体的成矿深度分别为0.5~1.1 km、0.3~1.0 km、0.5~1.0km、0.4~1.0km。矿体矿石、围岩蚀变和流体包裹体具有斑岩型矿床的特点。结合前人资料,认为达巴特为一典型斑岩型矿床。     

盆地流体动力学演化及其成矿效应——以广东富湾-长坑银金矿床为例

文章以广东富湾－长坑层控银金矿床为实例，基于各阶段盆地中温度场，压力场和流动场的动力学演化过程与成矿效应的研究，发现盆地流体转变为成矿流体具有漫长的演化与更迭历程；构造演化和盆地的沉积充填特征，不仅直接影响着流体在盆地中的流动样式，而且直接影响着成矿物质空间存在形式的变化以及“流体－岩石”体系中各要素间的再分配。流体的大规模活动及大型矿床的形成与大幅度的构造运动，沉积作用，岩浆活动，火山活动等宏观地球动力作用有关，盆地边缘沟通深部的垂向断裂与浅部不整合面－侧向断裂交汇地段是成矿物质堆积的最佳场所。     

Genesis of the Bangbu Orogenic Gold Deposit,Tibet: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion,Stable Isotopes,and Ar-Ar Geochronology

The Bangbu gold deposit is a large orogenic gold deposit in Tibet formed during the AlpineHimalayan collision. Ore bodies(auriferous quartz veins) are controlled by the E-W-trending Qusong-Cuogu-Zhemulang brittle-ductile shear zone. Quartz veins at the deposit can be divided into three types: pre-metallogenic hook-like quartz veins, metallogenic auriferous quartz veins, and postmetallogenic N-S quartz veins. Four stages of mineralization in the auriferous quartz veins have been identified:(1) Stage S1 quartz+coarse-grained sulfides,(2) Stage S2 gold+fine-grained sulfides,(3) Stage S3 quartz+carbonates, and(4) Stage S4 quartz+ greigite. Fluid inclusions indicate the oreforming fluid was CO_2-N_2-CH_4 rich with homogenization temperatures of 170–261°C, salinities 4.34–7.45 wt% Na Cl equivalent. δ~(18)Ofluid(3.98‰–7.18‰) and low δDV-SMOW(-90‰ to-44‰) for auriferous quartz veins suggest ore-forming fluids were mainly metamorphic in origin, with some addition of organic matter. Quartz vein pyrite has δ~(34)SV-CDT values of 1.2‰–3.6‰(an average of 2.2‰), whereas pyrite from phyllite has δ~(34)SV-CDT 5.7‰–9.9‰(an average of 7.4‰). Quartz vein pyrites yield 206Pb/204 Pb ratios of 18.662–18.764, 207Pb/204 Pb 15.650–15.683, and ~(208)Pb/204 Pb 38.901–39.079. These isotopic data indicate Bangbu ore-forming materials were probably derived from the Langjiexue accretionary wedge. 40Ar/39 Ar ages for sericite from auriferous sulfide-quartz veins yield a plateau age of 49.52 ± 0.52 Ma, an isochron age of 50.3 ± 0.31 Ma, suggesting that auriferous veins were formed during the main collisional period of the Tibet-Himalayan orogen(~65–41 Ma).     

河北省东坪碲化物金矿床流体包裹体研究：地幔流体与成矿关系

河北省东坪碲化物金矿床是我国迄今为止发现的一个比较典型的碲化物金矿床，矿化为含金石英大脉和含金钾长石脉，两者之间在空间上为过渡关系。为探讨成矿流体的来源，尤其是地幔流体参与成矿的程度，笔者从研究成矿流体入手，应用显微测温、激光拉曼光谱分析对矿区主矿脉进行了比较系统的流体包裹体均一温度、盐度、成分的测试，并测定了He-Ar同位素组成。结果显示，东坪碲化物金矿床中的流体包裹体主要为CO2－NaCl-H2O型和H2O－NaCl型，整体以CO2广泛发育为特征；矿区的成矿温度为250－400℃，集中于300－340℃，成矿压力为40－180MPa，主要为60－100MPa；流体成分主要为CO2和H2O，含少量H2S、N2、CH4、CO和C2H2；流体盐度w(NaCleq)为5％－7％；流体总密度为0．48－0．79g/cm^3；矿脉中石英的R／Ra比值高达0．3－5．2，明显高于地壳流体（0．001）。基于碲富集、高、R／Ra比值、成矿流体富CO2，笔者认为矿床成矿作用与地幔活动有着密切的关系。     

内蒙古苏尼特左旗地区韧性剪切带及其控矿作用研究——以巴彦温都尔金矿为例

对区域地质分析表明,在晚古生代,由于南北两大板块对接碰撞及其后持续挤压作用,致使区内韧性剪切带发育,由北至南形成3条大型韧性剪切带.它们对区内金矿床(点)的分布具有明显的控制作用.剪切带经历了自华力西晚期至燕山早期3个韧性变形时期,每个时期均伴随不同阶段金元素的活化、迁移以及富集成矿.深壳剪切活动为金成矿提供了热动力和容矿空间;同时剪切带活动过程中,伴随了区内多期次岩浆活动,也为金成矿提供热动力和成矿物质.通过对巴彦温都尔金矿剪切带内金矿脉特征分析表明:剪切带内裂隙是金元素富集成矿的有利部位;总结了苏尼特左旗地区与韧性剪切带有关的金矿床的成矿演化模式,并初步指出在区内金矿勘查中应注意的找矿方向.