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本文利用2000—2012年11个行业面板数据,对中国制造业技术创新与其国际竞争力进行实证分析。从制造业技术创新能力体系来看,创新投入能力、创新产出能力、引进与吸收消化再创新能力的提高均能够在一定程度上增强中国制造业国际竞争力,而适应创新竞争市场变化能力的效果不明显。从制造业技术创新支撑体系来看,政府和金融机构分别给予资金支持制造业进行技术创新时,对制造业国际竞争力提高具有促进作用,而同时给予支持时则存在着协调方面的问题。另外,制造业行业规模的扩大和市场的对外开放均有利于中国制造业国际竞争力的提高,而来自发达国家的RD外溢当期效果不明显。不同技术水平行业通过加强技术创新对其产品国际竞争力的带动作用存在显著的差异性。 相似文献
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循环经济的技术经济范式与政策研究 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
本文对循环经济技术经济范式的概念进行了定义,对其经济学特征进行了分析,并在此基础上指出,发展循环经济必须进行技术经济范式创新。通过对循环经济内涵的分析,提出了循环经济技术体系是传统技术范式的纵向延伸和横向拓展的观点,据此探讨了循环经济技术创新的内容。在对循环经济技术体系研究的基础上,提出了把循环经济技术开发与高技术研究开发一样纳入国家科技发展战略的观点,探讨了促进循环经济技术创新政策体系。 相似文献
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Reports on the effects of government's role in stimulating technological development provide a mixed picture. Some policies have had the expected, stimulating effect and other policies have not. We suggest that specific characteristics of technologies that government has sought to stimulate have not been taken into account when governments formulated and implemented innovation policies. While technologies can be characterized according to more dimensions, we focus on two highly relevant characteristics. Technologies either develop in a discrete manner, independent of what specific knowledge has been developed in the past, or develop cumulatively. In addition, network effects may be present or absent in the market anticipated for the products for which a technology is used. A 2×2 typology of technological development ensues. We suggest that governments should consider developing policies to stimulate technological change keeping these characteristics in mind. 相似文献
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技术跨越的两个基本模式 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
自主-技术跨越是指跨越主体基于自身的技术积累与技术创新能力,实现技术跨越。它不仅可以改变市场需求,改变市场竞争力量的对比,还有可能改写和塑造新的行业标准,创建新的“技术-经济的游戏”规则,从而占据技术与市场的主导权。自主跨越的显著优点是率先性,技术与市场开发上具有主动性。其主要风险是技术与市场的难以判定性。引进跨越是指技术跨越主体通过有选择、有步骤地引进技术,并通过反求工程而在消化-吸收之后,在引进技术的基础上实施更高层次的技术创新,而实现的技术跨越。从产业看,自主技术跨越比较适宜新兴技术产业,引进跨越模式更适合传统产业。 相似文献
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产业集群区域创新优势与广西北部湾经济区高新区的培育——以南宁高新区为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
高新区产业集群是培育高新技术企业创新能力的温床,产业集群是获得竞争优势的一种有效机制.本文拟从产业集群的角度分析南宁高新区发展中的现状与存在问题,最后从区域创新优势就高新区的竞争力健康发展提出建议. 相似文献
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基于绿色增长的我国各地区工业企业技术创新效率研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文基于绿色增长对技术创新的方向进行约束,将资源生产率和环境负荷视作产出,运用四阶段DEA模型对我国2009年各省份工业企业技术创新效率进行实证研究。结果表明:环境因素有利于各省份工业企业技术创新效率的提高;剔除环境因素影响后全国平均技术创新效率有所提高,纯技术创新效率上升,而规模效率下降;东部地区的平均纯技术创新效率最高,而中西部地区平均纯技术创新效率偏低,并且低于平均规模效率;经济越发达的省份越容易出现规模报酬递减现象,而经济欠发达的省份则呈现规模报酬递增现象。 相似文献
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WANG Huan-pei Luo Jian-hong 《事业财会》2008,(6)
湖南非公有制企业技术创新能力较弱。主要成因是技术创新动力不足、资金缺乏、人才匮乏、环境欠优等。要从拓宽融资渠道、完善财税政策、创新用人机制、加大对知识产权保护力度等方面来提高非公有制企业技术创新能力。 相似文献
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本文首先分析了企业核心能力的内涵,指出企业核心能力是使企业在特定经营环境中以独特方式获得竞争能力或竞争优势的能力.具体表现为组织的学习能力、协作能力以及技术创新能力.其次,在分析有关评价指标体系的基础上,围绕组织的学习能力、协作能力以及技术创新能力设计出一套评价企业核心能力的指标体系,相信其将会对培养和发展企业的核心能力有重要影响. 相似文献
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经济规模、技术创新与垂直专业化分工 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文东伟 《数量经济技术经济研究》2011,(8)
借鉴Hummels等(2001)的垂直专业化分析框架,本文比较了中国大陆等32个经济体1995年、2000年以及2005年制造业出口的垂直专业化水平。在此基础上,本文利用中国大陆等32个经济体18个制造业行业数据,进一步探讨了影响垂直专业化水平的主要因素。经验观察和计量分析结果发现,经济规模越大、技术创新能力越强的经济体,垂直专业化水平越低;技术复杂度越高的行业,垂直专业化水平也越高;技术越复杂的行业在经济规模越大、技术创新能力越强的经济体内,垂直专业化水平相对更低。本文的研究结论为我们评估中国当前的经济发展方式和国际竞争力提供了一个思路。 相似文献
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《Technovation》2015
The study of the contribution of incubators to economic growth started to gain momentum in the 1980s, following the growth of the incubation phenomenon. While acknowledging the challenge of evaluating incubators׳ outcomes, we shift the focus from incubators׳ performance to their internal processes, in particular, the interrelationships through which the incubator stakeholders share knowledge. The literature suggests that small new ventures tend to fail because they lack managerial experience and ability to raise capital in an early stage. Incubators are expected to overcome these obstacles by offering experienced monitoring skills and by enhancing access to capital at a firm׳s early stage. However, empirical results of incubators׳ ability to perform their role are often contradictory, making policy makers question their effectiveness. We provide evidence from Australian and Israeli incubators. Our findings suggest that collaborations between incubatees, graduated incubatees, and incubator management increase the incubatees׳ knowledge of technology and market in both countries. Collaboration between incubatees and incubator management also increase incubatees׳ financial knowledge and their likelihood of raising capital. We also found that universities played a modest role as a source of new ideas for incubatees, but a more important role in later stages of incubatees׳ new product development processes. 相似文献
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通过考察1996~2008年我国ICT行业内的外资企业的溢出效应,证实了FDI对我国企业的自主技术创新有促进作用,FDI和自主技术创新都促进了内资企业生产效率的提高,而且FDI对内资企业效率的促进作用有一部分是通过促进内资企业的自主技术创新实现的。 相似文献
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产业集群知识溢出效应下企业技术创新行为的博弈分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
知识经济时代,技术创新是企业的核心竞争力,知识溢出改变了集群企业技术创新的知识环境。从知识溢出的角度,运用演化博弈模型分析了不同知识环境对企业创新行为决策的影响,认为:知识保护、企业自律是集群可持续发展的必要条件,知识保护有度,创新有度是更好的集群创新理念。 相似文献
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The effect of technological innovation on employment is of major concern for workers and their unions, policy makers and academic researchers. We meta‐analyse 570 estimates from 35 primary studies that estimate a derived labour demand model. We contribute to existing attempts at evidence synthesis by addressing the risks of selection bias and that of data dependence in observational studies. Our findings indicate that: (i) hierarchical meta‐regression models are sufficiently versatile for addressing both selection bias and data dependence in observational data; (ii) innovation's effect on employment is positive but small and highly heterogeneous; (iii) only a small part of residual heterogeneity is explained by moderating factors; (iv) selection bias tends to reflect preference for upholding prevalent hypotheses on the employment effects of process and product innovations; (v) country‐specific effect‐size estimates are related to labour market and product market regulation in six OECD countries in a U‐shaped fashion; and (vi) OLS estimates reflect upward bias whereas those based on time‐differenced or within estimators reflect a downward bias. Our findings point out to a range of data quality and modelling issues that should be addressed in future research. 相似文献
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This paper develops a theory of the firm scope where not only research but also ordinary production employees can generate inventions. Separating research from production (“specialization”) solves the two-tier agency problem of inducing simultaneously research effort and managerial truthful-reporting but is costly when capital markets are imperfect. Improvements in capital markets, therefore, promote specialization, allowing a greater number of specialized firms to be established and also enabling them to undertake innovative projects with larger potential outcomes. Moreover, this capital market improvement effect is stronger for innovative activities that are less capital-intensive and that have weaker synergies with existing production activities. The model can help us understand the explosion of small company innovation in the U.S. since late 1970s and the contribution of venture capital to this change. 相似文献
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Adopting a transformational offshore outsourcing perspective, we examine empirically the relationship among the motive to acquire tacit knowledge from outsourcing partners, formal and social control mechanisms, and innovation outcomes among Sino-foreign as well as local alliances. We constructed our theoretical model incorporating knowledge management, social exchange, and alliance risk perspectives, and hypothesized that motives to acquire partners’ tacit knowledge through offshore outsourcing will affect firm innovation via two forms of control, namely social control and formal control. Our empirical testing, utilizing two sub-samples composed of Sino-foreign offshore outsourcing alliances and local outsourcing alliances, respectively, reveals that the motive to acquire outsourcing partner's tacit knowledge and different control mechanisms are significant predictors of incremental and radical innovation outcomes, and that there are some intriguing differences between the Sino-foreign alliances and local alliances. 相似文献
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This paper reviews the major finance-related causes of private under-investment in innovation and the consequent alternative choices for public policy. The focus is on (i) incentive-based arguments that address the problem of limited appropriability of new knowledge, and (ii) the lacking access to external sources of finance caused by imperfections in the capital market. Drawing a policy mind map, which aims to enhance the mutual awareness and coordination of policy makers at the crossroads of technology and corporate finance, the paper is organised along the following chain of thought: (i) causes and rationales, (ii) aims and targets, (iii) critical constraints, and (iv) the main finance-related instruments of innovation policy. 相似文献
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Technological synergy in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) is achieved when there is an increase in value generated by combining the stock of complementary technologies of acquirers and targets, as well as utilizing target’s patents to initiate or defend lawsuits against competitors. Using U.S. patent data, we provide quantitative measures of these two sources of technological synergy. We find that these measures of technological synergy are important considerations of acquiring firms and capital market in valuing target firms’ innovative assets, as the measures are positive determinants of merger premium and total synergy gain. The expected total gains of acquirers’ and targets’ shareholders from technological synergy decrease with the difficulties of post-merger integration as proxied by geographical distance between acquirer and target. Our technological synergy measures are also good predictors of post-merger realized synergy, i.e., increase in patent outputs in the overlapped technology classes and market share. 相似文献
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Suk Bong Choi Byung Il Park Paul Hong 《Corporate Governance: An International Review》2012,20(3):267-288
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我国技术创新活动的集聚效应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文使用超越对数生产函数—反要素需求函数分析框架,研究了集聚经济对于我国技术创新活动全要素生产率、单要素生产率、要素价格以及要素需求的影响。结果显示,无论是在全国层面还是在区域层面,集聚经济对于我国技术创新的全要素生产率均有显著的正向作用。同时,集聚经济对于技术创新活动劳动生产率以及资本生产率没有显著影响。在区域层面,集聚经济将降低科技劳动的边际成本,同时提高对于科技劳动的需求。 相似文献