藏药麻花秦艽中苦苷类成分的含量测定及品质评价

建立了反相高效液相色谱检测藏药麻花秦艽药材中主要苦苷类成分龙胆苦苷与落干酸含量的分析方法,对栽培和野生藏药植物麻花秦艽中苦苷类成分进行了定性、定量分析,对栽培麻花秦艽代替野生麻花秦艽入药进行了品质评价,结果表明,栽培植物藏药麻花秦艽不仅可代替野生药材入药,并具有深度开发的前景。     

栽培藏药材麻花艽中四种苦苷类成分含量的季节性变化

采用高效液相色谱法,测定了栽培藏药材麻花艽根中龙胆苦苷、落干酸、獐牙菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷四种苦苷类成分的含量及其在不同生长期的动态变化。结果表明,四种苦苷类成分随植物的发育节律而波动。龙胆苦苷的含量是评价药材质量的重要指标。龙胆苦苷的含量虽然在7月有个积累的高峰期,但7月为花期,从资源可持续利用的角度考虑,不宜定为采收期,到9月含量又有所增加,故而确定栽培藏药麻花艽根的适宜采收期应在9~10月之间。     

4种秦艽属植物不同器官中4种环烯醚萜苷成分含量的比较分析

利用HPLC法测定了秦艽(Gentiana macrophylla Pall.)、粗茎秦艽(G.crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.)、麻花秦艽(G.straminea Maxim.)和小秦艽(G.dahurica Fisch.)根、茎、叶和花中4种环烯醚萜苷成分(包括马钱苷酸、獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷和獐牙菜苷)的含量,并对来源于不同产地秦艽和小秦艽不同器官4种环烯醚萜苷成分的含量进行了比较。结果显示:4种秦艽属植物不同器官4种环烯醚萜苷成分含量差异明显,来源于3个产地(陕西太白、甘肃西河乡和马狭)的秦艽和2个产地(青海互助和陕西麟游)的小秦艽不同器官中4种环烯醚萜苷含量也均具有明显差异。4种秦艽属植物根、茎、叶和花中龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸总量分别为质量分数5.996%～10.869%、0.310%～4.065%、0.235%～4.138%和0.545%～5.591%;根中獐牙菜苦苷和獐牙菜苷的质量分数分别为0.516%～0.953%和0.042%～0.210%,茎中分别为0.173%～0.383%和0.031%～1.700%,叶中分别为0.068%～0.684%和0.020%～3.208%,花中分别为0.460%～0.832%和0.138%～3.827%。粗茎秦艽各器官龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸总量均最高,小秦艽各器官龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸总量均最低,总体上,秦艽和粗茎秦艽中龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸总量高于小秦艽和麻花秦艽;小秦艽茎、叶和花中獐牙菜苷含量均最高,而秦艽茎和叶及粗茎秦艽花中獐牙菜苷含量均最低。4种秦艽属植物根部龙胆苦苷和马钱苷酸含量均明显高于茎、叶和花,獐牙菜苦苷在根和花中的积累较多,獐牙菜苷在花中的含量均相对最高。产自青海互助的小秦艽茎、叶和花中獐牙菜苷含量均最高,质量分数分别为2.884%、5.215%和7.321%。研究结果表明:4种环烯醚萜苷成分含量不但与植物种类和器官有关,而且与产地和采样时间也有关。     

栽培川西獐牙菜中6种药用成分的测定方法和动态积累研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法对川西獐牙菜中6种药用成分不同生长期的含量进行了测定.色谱柱为Kro-masilC18 250mm×4.60mm,5μm ,流动相为甲醇-0.02%的磷酸水溶液,检测波长260nm.该方法具有很好的线性关系和回收率.结果显示,川西獐牙菜全草的最佳采收期为9月中旬 花果期 .     

RP-HPLC法测定青海产四种秦艽中獐牙菜苦苷的含量

建立了秦艽中獐牙菜苦苷含量测定的RP-HPLC方法。色谱条件：采用ZorbaxEclipseXDB-C18柱（150mm×4.6mm,5μm）,流动相：甲醇-0.03%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱（0～25min：15%～23%;25～30min：23%～30%）,流速：1mL/min,柱温：25℃,检测波长240nm,獐牙菜苦苷在0.20～1.8μg范围内成良好的线性关系,r=0.9999,回收率RSD=1.32%。对青海产4种秦艽中獐牙菜苦苷的含量进行了定量分析,测定结果：小秦艽中獐牙菜苦苷的含量最高为：0.62%,麻花秦艽与管花秦艽的含量没有显著差异,分别为：0.43%,0.45%,簧管秦艽的含量最低为：0.32%。     

青海省不同产地秦艽花中獐牙菜苷和异荭草苷含量的HPLC分析

秦艽花为龙胆科(Gentianaceae)植物麻花秦艽(Gentiana straminea Maxim.)的干燥花,藏药名为"解吉嘎保",为常用藏药材之一,具有清热解毒的作用,可用于治疗胃肠炎、肝炎及胆囊炎等症[1].     

HPLC测定7种龙胆科植物花中龙胆苦苷与獐牙菜苦苷的含量

目的:建立7种龙胆花中龙胆苦苷和獐牙菜苦苷含量测定的HPLC方法。方法:采用微波辅助动态回流法进行提取,色谱条件:Fusion-RP 80 A C18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.2%磷酸溶液梯度洗脱(0~25 min:15%~30%);流速:1 mL/min;柱温:30℃;检测波长240 nm。结果:7种龙胆花中獐牙菜苦苷和龙胆苦苷的色谱峰与共存组分完全达到基线分离,线性范围分别为0.105~0.945μg(r=0.999 9),0.3~0.7μg(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率分别为97.8%(RSD=1.02%),98.9%(RSD=1.51%)。结论:所建立的方法测定快速,结果准确可靠。     

藏药提宗龙胆和线叶龙胆花中四种苦苷类成分的HPLC测定

应用HPLC分析方法同时测定藏药提宗龙胆和线叶龙胆两种植物花中落干酸、獐牙菜苦苷、龙胆苦苷、獐牙菜苷4种苦苷类成分的含量.采用Econosphere C18色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-0.5%乙酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为245 nm.结果表明,除提宗龙胆中未检出獐牙菜苦苷外,其它成分均在两种植物中存在,但含量存在一定的差异.     

15种獐牙菜属植物中主要药用成分的高效液相色谱测定

对青藏高原和云贵高原的15种獐牙菜属植物进行了3种苦味苷,即獐牙菜苦苷(swertiamarin)、龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside)、苦龙苷(amarogentin)、一种黄酮苷-当药黄素(swertisin)、及5种口山酮苷-芒果苷(mangiferin)、当药醇苷(swertianolin)、7-O-[a-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖]-1,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基口山酮(7-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone)、7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-1,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基口山酮(7-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone)、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1,8-二羟基-5-甲氧基口山酮(3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1,8-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanth-one)等9种主要药效成分同时进行了高效液相色谱的含量测定(Kromasil C18柱,甲醇一水梯度洗脱,二级管阵列检测);并对其主要药效成分的分布进行了比较。     

藏药提宗龙胆花的化学成分研究

从传统藏药提宗龙胆(Gentiana tizuensisFranch.)花的乙醇提取物中分离得到3个化合物,利用波谱方法鉴定为熊果酸(ursolic acid,1)、异荭草苷(isooreintin,2)、日本獐牙菜素(swertiajaponin,3).其中,化合物2为首次从该植物中发现,化合物3为龙胆属植物中首次发现.     

HPLC Determination of Contents of Four Active Constituents in Tibetan Medicine Gentiana straminea ( Gentianaceae) During Different Growing Period

Contents of four iridoid glycosides viz. gentiopicroside, longanic acid, swertiamarin and sweroside of wild and cultivated Gentiana straminea roots gathered in different seasons were analyzed by means of HPLC determination. The results indicated that contents of the four iridoid glycosides varied greatly with different seasons between wild and cultivated Gentiana straminea. And according to the criterion of pharmacopoeia of China, after cultivation content of gentiopicroside in Gentiana str aminea root had accorded with the regulation and can preliminarily replaced the wild species to use as a plant medicine. The mechanism causing the content changes of the four iridoid glycosides may be due to the integrated effects of many factors, such as the ecological factors, the genetic factors.     

Concentrations of the Active Constituents of the Tibetan Folk Medicine Qinjiao (Gentiana sect. Cruciata) within and between Taxonomic Species across the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

The Tibetan folk medicine Qinjiao is traditionally used to treat various conditions, and its main active constituents comprise four iridoid glycosides, i.e., loganic acid, swertiamarin, gentiopicroside, and sweroside. The traditional crude medicine Qinjiao is derived from the dried roots of three species belonging to Gentiana sect. Cruciata (Gentianaceae) growing in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP). In this study, we determined by HPLC the contents of the four main active constituents in the dried roots collected from 83 localities at different altitudes across the QTP. The material was classified under the seven taxonomic species G. straminea, G. dahurica, G. crassicaulis, G. waltonii, G. officinalis, G. ihassica, and G. macrophylla. Our results suggested that the four constituents were present in the roots of all seven species for all localities, but their concentrations varied greatly within and between species. The level of gentiopicroside revealed to be the most dominant for all examined localities (2.1–12.4 mg/g), and G. macrophylla Pall . contained the highest concentration of all the four constituents at the species level. Except for loganic acid in G. officinalis, there was no significant correlation between the contents of these constituents and the altitude of the sampling localities. These results suggest that all species of all origins can be used as reliable resource for the crude medicine Qinjiao. However, a few species contain higher concentrations of the main active constituents, irrespective of their origin.     

Use of DNA barcode sensu lato to identify traditional Tibetan medicinal plant Gentianopsis paludosa (Gentianaceae)

Gentianopsis paludosa (Hook. f.) Ma (Gentianaceae) is an important species in Tibetan folk medicine commonly used to clear away the "heat evils" and toxic materials. A survey of market samples revealed that nine adulterant species, Gentianopsis barbata, G. contorta, G. grandis, Halenia elliptica, Lomatogonium macranthum, L.rotatum, Swertia angustifolia, S. bifolia and S. erythrosticta, are often marketed as G. paludosa. Methods to distinguish G. paludosa from its adulterants are limited by current morphological and chemical methods. DNA sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) was used in the differentiation of G.paludosa from the adulterant species. The data showed that the internal transcribed spacer regions differ significantly between G. paludosa and all nine adulterant species, so that they could be easily distinguished at the DNA level.     

高效液相色谱法测定山楂叶中熊果酸含量的研究

本文建立了一种可靠性高、重现性好的高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定山楂叶中熊果酸含量的方法,在测定中采用富集和固相萃取组合纯化工艺去除干扰物质。高效液相色谱测定条件为Hypersil(ODS)色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:0.2%磷酸二氢钠(90∶10,V/V),检测波长210nm,流速0.8mL/min。熊果酸浓度在100~800μg/mL与峰面积存在良好线性关系(r2=0.9992),该方法准确可靠,日内稳定性标准偏差在0.6%~1.5%,日间稳定性标准偏差在0.7%~2.6%。为不同产地山楂叶中熊果酸含量建立有效的分析方法。     

HPLC法测定卷柏及其炮制品中穗花杉双黄酮的含量

采用HPLC方法测定卷柏及炮制品中穗花杉双黄酮的含量。方法:Shim-pack VP-ODS柱(4.6 mm×250mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸水(65∶35);流速:0.8 mL/min;检测波长:337 nm;柱温:25℃。实验结果表明,卷柏生品中穗花杉双黄酮的含量为0.84%,焦卷柏为1.07%,卷柏炭为0.53%。不同的炮制方法对穗花杉双黄酮的含量产生不同的影响。     

太行菊不同器官中绿原酸和4种黄酮类物质含量研究

为深入研究我国特有植物太行菊,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),以ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6×150 mm,5μm)为分析柱,甲醇-0.01%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长254 nm,柱温25℃;对太行菊和传统药用野菊不同器官的绿原酸、芦丁、槲皮素、木犀草素、芹菜素含量进行测定。此外,以芦丁为对照品,采用硝酸铝络合紫外分光光度法,以没食子酸为对照品,采用福林酚法,分别对太行菊和野菊不同器官中总黄酮和总多酚的含量进行研究。结果表明,基于上述HPLC检测方法,五种化合物的质量浓度在5.94～178.2、4.36～130.8、8.96～268.8、4.08～122.4、2.98～25.33 mg/L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数r均大于0.9993,方法的精密度、重复性、稳定性及平均加样回收率试验结果均满足分析要求。太行菊叶中五种化合物的总含量高于其花、茎和野菊对应器官,与太行菊和野菊不同器官中总黄酮和总多酚含量分析结果一致。因此,太行菊整个植株,尤其是叶和花的开发利用潜力显著。