Mg-9Gd-2Y-Sm-0.5Zr合金组织和耐蚀性能研究

通过OM、SEM和XRD实验观察并研究了Mg-9Gd-2Y-Sm-0.5Zr(%质量分数)合金的微观组织和析出相,并采用腐蚀失重实验对合金的耐蚀性能进行了测试。结果表明,Mg-9Gd-2Y-Sm-0.5Zr合金微观组织主要由沿晶界分布的枝状共晶相和少量分布在晶内的小颗粒状相组成;析出相有α-Mg,Mg5Gd和Mg24Y5相。实验研究了该合金在不同浓度的NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能,结果表明该合金腐蚀程度随着NaCl浓度的增加而增加,腐蚀产物以Mg(OH)2为主,腐蚀速率较低,耐蚀性能较好。     

Sn对铸态Mg-5Gd-3Y-0.5Zr合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪和电子拉伸试验机,研究了不同Sn含量对Mg-5Gd-3Y-0.5Zr合金显微组织、力学性能以及拉伸断口形貌的影响。结果表明,铸态Mg-5Gd-3Y-0.5Zr合金主要由基体α-Mg、Mg₅Gd和Mg₂₄Y₅相组成,Sn的添加能够细化合金组织,在合金中生成新相Sn₃Y₅,促进合金中第二相的析出。Mg-5Gd-3Y-0.5Zr-0.5Sn合金中第二相呈现出分布均匀的颗粒状,Mg-5Gd-3Y-0.5Zr-1.0Sn合金中部分区域出现了长条状第二相,Mg-5Gd-3Y-0.5Zr-1.5Sn合金中部分区域出现了方块状第二相。在本文研究范围内,随着Sn含量的增加,合金的抗拉强度、伸长率以及布氏硬度都呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。Sn含量为0.5%时,铸态合金综合性能最好,此时合金的抗拉强度、伸长率以及布氏硬度分别为177 MPa、6.87%和57.47 HBW,与无Sn合金相比分别提高了5.36%、12.25%和11.96%。     

时效态Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金的拉伸断裂行为

研究了时效显微组织对Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金断裂行为的影响.结果表明:473K低温时效时,析出相小而密,由晶界析出相(GBP)引发的微裂纹在晶界处产生并沿晶内的择优取向扩展;温度达到523K时,GBP长大,应力集中仅在某些大尺寸GBP处出现,并引发GBP与基体分离,而产生微孔,微孔的聚集与长大导致了合金的断裂.微裂纹沿着孪晶与基体的界面扩展,在断口形成平滑刻面,而GBP的存在会加剧这一趋势.时效温度升高后,孪晶与GBP数量减少,滑移变形加剧,导致平滑刻面数量减少.

     

挤压态Mg-13Gd-4Y-0.4Zr合金高温时效析出机制

利用扫描电镜和能谱仪对挤压态Mg-13Gd-4Y-0.4Zr合金在300℃/2～32h的时效析出相进行研究。结果表明,经300℃/2～4h时效后合金中有大量白色块状相析出,它是由大量的合金元素组成;经300℃/8～32h时效后,合金中析出两种相,一种是白色块状相,另一种是在晶内析出的片状相,它含有的溶质元素略高于基体。晶内析出的片状相沿3个方向排列析出,3个方向之间互成120℃夹角,呈现出严格的位向关系。析出物的形态和分布取决于溶质元素的浓度。在溶质元素浓度高的区域先析出含有大量溶质元素白色块状相;随后析出的片状相的疏密程度也取决于溶质元素的浓度。     

固溶参数对Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.6Zr合金组织及性能的影响

以高稀土含量Mg-13Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.6Zr合金为研究对象,通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和维氏硬度(HV)等测试方法,研究了固溶参数对该合金微观组织及显微硬度演变的影响规律.结果 表明:周溶态组织中主要存在有沿晶界分布的块状14H-LPSO相和随机分布于基体上的方块状富(G...     

Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr合金在520℃下的固溶处理行为

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、显微硬度测试、热分析、能谱分析以及X射线衍射(XRD)等手段,研究Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr合金铸态和520℃固溶处理不同时间后的显微组织以及显微硬度分布.结果表明:Mg-10Gd-4.8Y-0.6Zr合金经520℃/16 h固溶处理后,铸态时的...     

拉伸速率对Mg-12Gd-2Y-Sm-0.5Zr合金强度的影响

研究了250℃时不同拉伸速率对高强耐热镁稀土合金Mg-12Gd-2Y-Sm-0.5Zr强度的影响,对时效态合金的显微组织进行了观察分析。结果发现:在研究范围内,拉伸速率对合金力学性能有一定影响,在250℃条件下,随着随拉伸速率从0.5 mm/min升高到4 mm/min,屈服强度有所提高,合金抗拉强度先升高后降低,拉伸速率为2 mm/min时抗拉强度达到最大值314.6 MPa。研究认为,拉伸速率通过改变合金的形变强化及裂纹扩展行为对合金的力学性能产生影响。     

时效对Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr挤压合金组织与性能的影响

文章研究了对Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr合金在时效过程中的微观组织.在225℃时效初期硬度缓慢上升,之后硬度急剧上升,24 h出现了明显的时效硬化峰,然后硬度开始下降.微观结构的分析结果表明,在初期(2 h)产生了大量弥散分布的具有DO19结构的β",而在峰值时(24 h)出现具有bco的β',在持续时效(384 h)时出现亚稳相β1,而在后来的长时间时效(1 000 h)时出现β1在原位转变的平衡相β.     

Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金的热处理工艺优化

通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和维氏硬度计等仪器观察和分析了不同热处理工艺对Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,铸态Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金的组织主要由α-Mg基体和第二相(Mg₁₂Nd相和Mg₅Gd相)组成,经过热处理后合金组织中的相没有发生改变。铸态合金中的第二相主要以沿晶界分布的不连续网状和在晶粒内部的颗粒状形式存在,经固溶处理大部分第二相融入基体,后经时效处理又重新析出,此时合金中的析出相细小且弥散分布。Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr合金的最佳热处理工艺为525℃固溶8 h,然后在225℃时效8 h,此时,合金的硬度达到峰值,为42.9 HV。     

Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.3Zr合金的蠕变行为

研究Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.3Zr合金在不同温度(200~300℃)和应力(30~110MPa)条件下的蠕变行为,利用金相显微镜、透射电镜等分析蠕变过程中合金组织的演变。结果表明:温度较低时(200~250℃),蠕变曲线分为瞬时和稳态蠕变两部分,利用Arrhenius公式计算出合金的平均应力指数n=2,由此判断蠕变机制是晶界滑移机制,平均蠕变激活能Q=85.6kJ/mol;当温度为300℃时,合金经过短暂的瞬时蠕变和稳态蠕变阶段后,很快进入断裂阶段。n=4.2,蠕变机制为位错攀移机制,Q=145.5 kJ/mol。在温度较低时,稀土元素所形成的析出相β￠相阻碍位错的运动,从而提高合金的抗蠕变能力;随蠕变温度升高,析出相转变为β相,在晶界处聚集长大,使晶界处易产生应力集中,促使孔洞的形成,导致合金发生蠕变断裂。     

Effects of heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-15Gd-5Y-0.5Zr alloy

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-15wt.%Gd-5 wt.%Y-0.5wt.% Zr alloy were investigated in a series of conditions. The eutectic was dissolved into the matrix and there was no evident grain growth after solntionized at 525 ℃ for 12 h. The evolution of the phase constituents from as-cast to cast-T4 was as follows： α-Mg solid solution＋Mg5（Gd,Y） entectic compound→α-Mg solid solution＋ spheroidized Mg5（Gd, Y） phase→α-Mg supersaturated solid solution＋cuboid-shaped compound （Mg2Y3Gd2）. And the precipitation sequences of Mg-15Gd-5Y-0.5Zr alloy were observed, according to the hardness response to isothermal ageing at 225-300 ℃ for 0-128 h.     

Microstructure and creep behaviour of Mg-12Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.4Zr alloy

Microstructure and creep behaviour of Mg-12Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.4Zr alloy prepared by squeeze casting were investigated. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation revealed that a kind of lamellar-shaped morphologies 14h long-period stacking order structure (LPSO) and dense β’-phase precipitates were formed by heat treatment. The alloy exhibited good creep resistance. It was shown that the creep-resistant performance kept stable because of the restriction of dense β’-phase precipitates and LPSO phases to the movement of dislocations, and the formation of β-phase plates took responsibility for the softening of material during creep. Stress and temperature dependence of the steady-state creep rate were studied over stress range of 50-100 MPa and a temperature range of 250-300 oC, and a dislocation creep mechanism was proposed for the alloy.     

热处理工艺对挤压态Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线衍射分析、析氢法及动电位极化曲线,研究了不同热处理工艺对挤压态Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.6Zr镁合金显微组织和腐蚀性能的影响。实验结果表明合金T4态耐蚀性最好,经T5、T6处理耐蚀性变差。     

Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金的二次挤压热变形行为

采用Gleeble-1500型热模拟机在变形温度为360~480℃、应变速率为0.01~10 s-1、真应变为0~0.7的条件下,研究Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.6Zr合金二次挤压过程的热变形行为,获得其热变形工艺参数,并分析热变形后的显微组织。结果表明:合金的峰值应力随应变速率的增大而提高,随应变温度的升高而降低;在变形温度、应变速率相同的情况下,一次热模拟的峰值应力均大于二次热模拟(450℃,10 s~(-1)除外);合金二次挤压过程的流变应力可以采用含Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数形式来描述;由于二次热模拟试样中位错及晶界运动增强,使二次热模拟的激活能(Q)、应力指数(n)均小于一次热模拟的相应参数,导致二次挤压较一次挤压容易发生再结晶。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructures And Properties of Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.3Zr Cast Alloy

Microstructures, aging hardness and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.3Zr alloy were investigated. The microstructure is a typical dendritic structure of as-cast sample. The aging test was carried at 250℃ and at a different aging time. The aging peak hardness is about 110HV of as-cast T6 alloy and higher than that of as-cast T5 alloy, tensile test result showed that tensile strength of as-cast T6 is higher than as-cast T5 but the elongation of as-cast T5 is higher than as-cast T6. The fracture mode of as-cast T6 is intergranular and transgranular cleavage fracture, but as-cast T5 is mainly microvoid coalescence fracture combination the brittle cleavage fracture.     

Characterization of p precipitate phase in Mg-7Gd-5Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy

As reported in our previous works,a Mg-7Gd-5Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy recently developed exhibited remarkable age-hardening responses and excellent mechanical properties at both room and elevated temperatures.In Mg-7Gd-5Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy,the β precipitate phase was assumed to be one of the main strengthening phases in peak-aged samples.This study aimed to determine the crystal structure and orientation relationship of the β precipitate phase in Mg-7Gd-5Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy using transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy.The results indicated that the β precipitate had a face-centered cubic structure with a lattice parameter of a=2.22 nm.The orientation relationship between the β precipitate phase and the α-Mg matrix was(12)β$$$$(100)α,[110] β/[0001] α.The β plates formed on prismatic planes could play an important role in alloy strengthening by proving effective barriers to gliding dislocations.A single β plate often contained several domains of(11)β twin-related variants.A composition of Mg 5(Y0.4Gd0.4Nd0.2) was suggested for the β phase in Mg-7Gd-5Y-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-10Y-2.5Sm alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of aged Mg-10Y-2.5Sm alloy were investigated.The results showed that the microstructure of the alloy consisted of α-Mg matrix and Mg24Y5 phase,and fine Mg24Y5 particles distributed in α-Mg matrix uniformly and dispersedly.Sm enhanced α-Mg matrix and Mg24Y5 phase by solid solution effect.At 200-300 oC,the ultimate tensile strengths were more than 200 MPa and the elongations were about 3%.Compared with those at room temperature,the mechanical properties had no obvious changes.     

Homogenization heat treatment of Mg-7.68Gd-4.88Y-1.32Nd-0.63Al-0.05Zr alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-7.68Gd-4.88Y-1.32Nd-0.63A1-0.05Zr magnesium alloy were investigated both in the as-cast condition and after homogenization heat treatment from 535 to 555 ℃ in the time range 0-48 h by op- tical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and hardness measurement. The as-cast alloy consisted of ct-Mg matrix, Mgs（Y0.5Gd0.5） phase which is a eutectic phase, strip of Al2（Y0.6Gd0.4） phase, little A13Zr and Mg（Y3Gd） phase. With the increasing of homogenization temperature and time, the Mgs（Y0.5Gd0.5） phase was completely dissolved into the matrix. The Al2（Y0.6Gd0.4） phase was almost not dissolved which impeded grain boundaries motion making the grain size almost not changed in the process of ho- mogenization. The optimum homogenization condition was 545 ℃/16 h. The tensile strength increased, yield strength decreased and the plasticity improved obviously after 545 ℃/16 h homogenization treatment.