共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 37 毫秒
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Yu Zhang Qiyu Huang Yamei Liu Yiran Liu Rongbin Li Yijie Wang Xun Zhang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2022,68(9):e17746
Wax deposition is an important but troublesome boulder in petroleum industry that has always plagued pipeline engineering operators. In this study, wax deposition in the polyethylene pipes has different behaviors comparing wax deposition in stainless steel pipes such as smaller weight of wax deposits and lower wax content. After wax deposition experiments, some important parameters, including diffusivity and temperature gradient, were measured and calculated to explore the differences between two material pipes. Moreover, those factors can make a significant impact on radial mass flux. A series of results in polyethylene pipes suggests that higher diffusivity enhances diffusion flux of wax in the radial direction. But it was found that radial concentration gradient accounted for a larger proportion. These factors are the relationship of competition and cooperation and the combination of them results in different performances of wax deposition between polyethylene and stainless steel pipes. 相似文献
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Rongbin Li Qiyu Huang Dongxu Zhang Xiangrui Zhu Jinxu Shan Junfang Wang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2020,66(4):e16892
In this study, a mathematic model is proposed for estimating the wax content of wax deposits. The proposed model was built based on the diffusion of wax molecules and counter-diffusion of oil molecules and described using the Fick's second law, allowing for the stacking fraction and orientational order of precipitated wax crystals and the tortuosity of diffusion path of de-waxed oil molecules during the counter-diffusion. The calculated results were verified by comparing with the flow-loop wax deposition experimental results. Dependence of radial position, deposition duration, bulk temperature, and wall temperature were investigated. These factors significantly affected the wax content during wax deposition. Good agreements were observed between the predictions and experimental results. The variation trends of wax content affected by various aspects are consistent with the existing studies. 相似文献
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在含蜡原油管道的日常运行管理中,结蜡厚度是个重要参数。经常根据这个参数评价管道内部的结蜡情况.借此进行工况分析或者调整管道的运行参数。为此.建立了含蜡原油管道结蜡厚度的计算模型,并给出了相应的求解方法。求解方法快捷准确.且有较好的扩展性,结果满足工程要求。 相似文献
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在分析蜡沉积过程的基础上, 基于一定的假设条件, 建立了蜡沉积厚度随时间变化的模型。通过提取蜡沉积厚度随时间变化曲线的数据, 拟合了模型中的待求常数, 并对模型计算值和实验值的吻合程度进行了分析。结果表明:对数模型、指数模型及动平衡模型均能反映蜡沉积厚度随时间的变化趋势, 对数模型与实验值的吻合程度最好;指数模型和动平衡模型所得的结果与实验结果的吻合程度相当, 在沉积初期, 指数模型的吻合程度高于动平衡模型, 但当沉积时间接近实验规定时间时, 动平衡模型的吻合程度高于指数模型;所建立的模型简单实用, 能够反映沉积厚度随时间变化的增长快慢趋势, 不同实验数据应用时仍需对各模型的计算精度进一步验证, 从而使得选用模型能更好地符合实际。 相似文献
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The thermal and rheological behavior of blends of a Fischer–Tropsch (F-T) wax with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and cone-and-plate rheometry. F-T wax is used as a possible low-cost processing aid alternative for LLDPE masterbatch applications. The melting- and crystallization thermograms indicated a two-phase solid-state morphology and full compatibility in the fully molten material. Both the high-melting and low-melting phase contained co-crystalized wax and polymer. Rheological data of F-T wax-LLDPE blends over the full composition range was also obtained. The zero-shear viscosity data was adequately predicted by the Friedman and Porter mixing rule: with α = 3.4. This implies that the melt viscosity is dominated by the effects of polymer chain entanglement and that the main consequence of adding the wax is to reduce the concentration of the polymer present. The complex viscosity also fitted this model albeit with α = 4.81. All Han plots, that is, plots of the logarithm of the storage modulus (G') against the logarithm of the loss modulus (G\"), were linear. Within the experimental uncertainty, they were essentially unaffected by variations in blend composition, temperature and the applied angular frequency. Additionally, Cole–Cole plots were also in agreement that wax-LLDPE blends are miscible at melt state. This supports full miscibility of the F-T wax-LLDPE blend system down to temperatures as low as 120°C. 相似文献
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采用差压法设计安装了一个室内环道管流设备,并以此设备对苏嵯管道的不同工况进行了室内结蜡实验。参照苏嵯输油管线现场运行数据,在通过计算得到管壁剪切率、蜡晶溶解度、油品粘度以及径向温度梯度等参数的基础上,采用最小二乘法回归确立了适用于苏嵯输油管线的管道蜡沉积模型。在数据分析和模拟实验结果的基础上,分析了流速、油温以及壁温等因素对苏嵯输油管道结蜡的影响,得出了该条管道的蜡沉积规律,为苏嵯输油管道的实际生产运行提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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原油组成对原油管道结蜡规律的影响 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
利用旋转式动态结蜡装置,对不同组成的人工油样(胶质和沥青质含量不同或蜡含量不同)进行了不同条件下的实验研究.通过对管壁沉积物取样并利用差式扫描量热法(DSC)和四组分法进行分析,探究了不同原油组成对结蜡的影响规律.结合胶质和沥青质在结蜡过程中的作用机理,发现胶质和沥青质的存在虽然总会削弱蜡分子的迁移动力,阻碍蜡分子的沉积,但在含量较小时会协同蜡分子的沉积作用,而当含量较大时会以粘壁的形式附着于管壁.对蜡含量不同原油的结蜡规律研究发现:原油所含蜡分子的碳数越高,结蜡层中的蜡含量就越少.但由于碳数较高的蜡分子具有相对较长的碳链,更容易与原油中的胶质和沥青质发生共晶作用,故更易与胶质和沥青质一起沉积于壁面. 相似文献
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通过转矩流变仪测定塑化时间(tf),并比较塑化时间延长效应[Δtf=tf(PVC+润滑剂)-tf(PVC)],研究了高密度氧化聚乙烯蜡A-C 316A对聚乙烯蜡A-C 617A和硬脂酸钙(CaSt2)作为PVC润滑剂润滑性能的影响。结果表明,A-C 617A单独使用及其与CaSt2并用时,PVC树脂的外润滑性能均由于A-C 316A的添加而下降,而A-C 617A-CaSt2并用体系的性能下降,这是A-C 617A性能下降和协同效应没有叠加的结果,因此,其幅度比A-C 617A单独使用时更大。由此可以推测,A-C 316A的效应并不能归因于内润滑作用,其实际机理应该是由于独特的结构、性质,其既难溶于PVC又难溶于A-C 617A,但是却可以吸附A-C 617A和吸收CaSt2,而吸附A-C 617A则可以导致其有效用量减少,吸收CaSt2,破坏了A-C 617A-CaSt2的协同作用。 相似文献
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阳-非复合离子型氧化聚乙烯蜡乳液广泛应用于皮革涂饰、造纸、印染等领域,该文用三乙醇胺对氧化聚乙烯蜡进行酯化改性,再用相转变法和复合乳化体系对酯化改性的氧化聚乙烯蜡进行乳化,并对乳液性能进行检测分析。实验结果表明,三乙醇胺对氧化聚乙烯蜡进行酯化改性后,可明显提高氧化聚乙烯蜡的可乳化性和乳液的稳定性。乳化剂的种类、用量、乳化温度以及剪切搅拌速度等乳化因素对乳液性能有较大影响。乳化实验优化的条件为:乳化剂OS-15用量为氧化聚乙烯蜡质量的15%,乳化剂1631用量为氧化聚乙烯蜡质量的5%;乳化温度为90~95℃;连续剪切分散40~60min。 相似文献
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M. Shevachman S. Belfer S. Binman A. Shani 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2001,78(3):223-228
Jojoba wax was chemically bonded to polyethylene—in film or hollow fiber form—via a stable sulfonamide bond. The jojoba-bonded polyethylene was obtained by binding allyl amino jojoba derivatives to chlorosulfonated polyethylene. The amount of jojoba added to the polymer ranged from 9 to 98% (w/w), depending onthe reaction conditions. Swelling of the polymer in the reaction solvent was the major factor affecting the efficacy of the chemical binding of the jojoba amino groups to the chlorosulfonyl entities of the polymer. The double-bond regions in the bound jojoba wax were preserved, i.e., they were shown to be reactive in a bromination reaction. These modified membranes can find application in separation processes, such as metal ion separation and pervaporation. 相似文献
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实验制备的氧化蜡具有与天然巴西棕榈蜡相近的性能。考察了反应温度、反应时间、空气流速、蜡的选择和用量、催化剂用量等因素对氧化蜡质量的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:反应温度150~160℃,激发温度180~185℃,反应时间6~8 h,空气流速0.4 m3/h,石蜡用量65.0%,聚乙烯蜡用量20.0%,硬脂酸用量10.0%,氢氧化钙用量2.5%~3.0%,催化剂用量0.02%~0.05%,DTBP用量0.6%~1.0%。得到的产品具有较高的酸值、皂化值和较佳的针入度值。 相似文献
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The catalytic liquid-phase degradation of polyethylene wax into fuel oil was studied using mordenite catalysts with various Si/Al molar ratios prepared by dealumination. The total yield of gas and liquid products showed a volcano plot along the Si/Al molar ratio of mordenite. No significant change was observed in the composition of the liquid product for all catalysts used in this study. Fast deactivation was anticipated on the mordenite catalysts with low Si/Al molar ratios such as 5 and 10, due to pore blocking by the carbon deposited on the external surface of the zeolite. A high activity and a long catalyst life were obtained on the mordenite catalyst with a Si/Al molar ratio of 12. 相似文献