A Novel Process for Synthesis of Ultrafine BaTiO3 Powders

A novel process termed low-temperature combustion-synthesis(LCS)of Ba(ON3)2-TiO2-C6H8O7.H2O system was investigated at the initial temperature of 600℃ and ultrafine BiTiO3 powders with a particle size of 200-350nm were prepared.It was found that the molar ratio of NO3^-/citric acid and the homogeneity of combustion have remarkable effect on the characterstice of the powder,The reaction mechanism of LCS BaTiO3 powders was proposed on the basis of thermodynamic analysis.     

Preparation of β-SiC by combustion synthesis in a large-scale reactor

The feasibility of 5 kg β-SiC synthesized in one batch was demonstrated through igniting the mixture of Si, C-black and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under different nitrogen pressures. The effect of experimental parameters, including the contents of PTFE, nitrogen pressure, preheating, and raw materials distribution forms were investigated. The results show that the products are β-SiC with equiaxed grains. The average grain size is less than 200 nm. The powders loaded loosely promote reaction heat dispers...     

Preparation of ITO nano-powders by hydrothermal-calcining process

1 INTRODUCTIONSn-doped In2O3(ITO) is one kind of n-typesemiconductor material[1].It has excellent electro-optical properties , such as electrical conductivityand high transparency under visible light[2],andiswidely used in electronic , transparent electrode ,solar cells and electro-irradiance , especially inscreen display[3 ,4].Recently nearly half of the met-al indium has been used to prepare ITO materialsin the developed countries[5], such as Japan, A-merica ,France and so on.So the…     

Adsorption property of citrate dispersant on BaTiO3 particles in aqueous solution

Dispersion behavior of ultra fine BaTiO3 particles in the aqueous solution of ammonium citrate （NH4-CA） or citric acid lanthanum chelate （NH4-La-CA） was investigated. The dispersion property was characterized with sedimentation value. It is easier to obtain well dispersed slurry with NH4La-CA than NH4-CA. In an attempt to better understand the role of citric acid radical, simulation of the dispersant adsorption on BaTiO3 particle was performed with universal force field （UFF）. It is demonstrated that the interaction between citric acid radical and BaTiO3 particle surface is a weak chemical adsorption. Trivalent citric acid radical is adsorbed on BaTiO3 particle surface with maximal adsorption energy. And, larger molecules of NH4-La-CA formed by adding La^3＋ lead to better dispersion property than NHn-CA.     

Preparation of copper nano-wires by template synthesis method

Highly ordered and porous anodic aluminum oxide templates were prepared. The ordered copper nanowires arrays were assembled in nano-holes of the template by alternating current electrodeposition at lower voltage.The morphologies of template and copper nano-wires arrays were characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM) and the crystal structure of copper nano-wires was determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that copper nano-wires hold the preferred crystalline orientation along (111), (200),(220) and (331) crystal faces during growth, and the growth of copper nano-wires in the nano-holes of the template is homogenous and continuous.     

Preparation of AgSnO2 composite powders by hydrothermal process

Silver-tin oxide powders were synthesized by the hydrothermal method with Ag（NH3）2^＋ solution and Na2SnO3 solution as raw materials and Na2SO3 as reductant. The precipitation conditions of Na2SnO3 solution and the reduction conditions of Ag（NH3）2^＋ were also investigated. The powders prepared were characterized by differential thermal analysis （DTA）, X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy spectrum analysis, The results show that pH value of the solution is a key parameter in the formation of Sn（OH）4 precipitate and the reduction reaction of Ag（NH3）2^＋ can release H^＋ ions, which results in synchronous precipitation of Sn（OH）6^2- as Sn（OH）4. The reduction of Ag（NH3）2^＋ and precipitation of Na2SnO3 occur simultaneously and the coprecipitation of silver and tin oxide is reached by the hydrothermal method. The silver-tin oxide composite powders have mainly flake shape of about 0.3 μm in thickness and there exists homogeneous distribution of tin oxide and silver in the powder synthesized.     

Preparation and swelling behavior of polyvinyl alcohol physiological saline gel

Polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） physiological saline gel was prepared using physiological saline solution of the polymer by freezing and thawing method. The influences of the concentration of PVA, freezing and thawing cycle times and solvent swelling media on the swelling properties of PVA saline gel were investigated. The result show that the electrolytical ions have great effect on the swelling behavior of PVA saline gel. The equilibrium swelling ratio of PVA saline gel in aqueous swelling media is larger than that in saline swelling media. Also, the equilibrium swelling ratios of PVA saline gel in aqueous and in saline media decrease with the increase of gel concentration and the increase of freezing and thawing cycle times. The decreasing speed of equilibrium swelling ratio with the increase of freezing and thawing cycle times of PVA gel in distilled water is faster than that in physiological saline. The swelling kinetic equation can sufficiently describe the swelling behavior of PVA physiological saline gel.     

Preparation and Luminescent Properties of Eu^3＋ Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanocrystalline

The nanocrystalline Eu^3＋ doped calcium phosphate was prepared by calcining precursors, which were got by precipitation method combined with ultrasound treatment and some polysaccharide. The existence of Eu^3＋ inhibited the reaction of Na^＋ ion and SO4^2- radical with apatite and resulted in the transformation of HAP to β- TCP by replacing the calcium ions. The strongest excitation peak was at 393 nm, and other lower peaks were at 361 nm, 375 nm, 381 nm, 418nm. The strongest emission spectrum appeared at about 618nm. The emission peak （579 nm） showed that Eu^3＋ ions distributed on Ca^2＋ sites of the apatitic structure.     

Phase Structure and Dielectric Properties of Doped BaTiO3 Ceramics

The effects of two rare earth oxides such as CeO2 and Sm2O3 on the phase structure and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramic were investigated. Results indicate that the dielectric constant of this system will increase greatly with the increasing content of these two oxides, and Ce^4＋ substitutes for Ba^2＋ located at A-site in ABO3 structure. Quantitative XRD analysis shows that c/a ratio in the sample with addition of CeO2 will increase, which implies the increase of tetragonality in system, causing the augment of dielectric constant, and the decrease of the crystal＇s geometrical symmetry results in curie-temperature moving towards low temperature; Sm^3＋（0.096 nm） substitutes for Ba^2＋（0.135 nm） possessing larger radius in A-site and the electrovalency in A-site increases, the mutual effect is strengthened, so the polarization is enhanced, and the dielectric constant increases notablely.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of (La, N) co-doped TiO_2 by TiCl_4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis

(La, N) co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized using TiCl4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis (SAS) starting from a complex compound system of TiCl4-La(NO3)3-citric acid-NH4NO3-NH3?H2O, in which the (La, N) co-doped process was accom- plished in the formation of TiO2 nanocrystals. The prepared samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The results indicated that nitrogen and lanthanum were incorporated into the lattice and interstices of titania nanocrystals, which resulted in narrowing the band gap and promoting the sepa- ration of photoexcited hole-electron pairs, respectively, and showing expected red-shifts and enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. The mechanism on nitrogen doping and enhancement in photocatalytic activity of (La, N) co-doped titania by SAS was discussed in detail.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of （La, N） co-doped TiO2 by TiCl4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis

(La, N) co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized using TiCl4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis (SAS) starting from a plished in the formation of TiO2 nanocrystals. The prepared samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The results indicated that nitrogen and lanthanum were incorporated into the lattice and interstices of titania nanocrystals, which resulted in narrowing the band gap and promoting the separation of photoexcited hole-electron pairs, respectively, and showing expected red-shifts and enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. The mechanism on nitrogen doping and enhancement in photocatalytic activity of (La, N) co-doped titania by SAS was discussed in detail.     

溶胶低温燃烧法制备Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3纳米粉体

以Ba(NO3)2Sr(NO3)2TiO(NO3)2C6H8O7.H2O为反应体系,采用溶胶低温燃烧合成法制备了Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3超细粉末。以正交试验考察了柠檬酸与金属离子物质的量比、溶胶pH值、燃烧及热处理温度对合成粉体粒径的影响,得到的工艺参数最优组合为:n(柠檬酸)∶n(金属离子)=1.5∶1,pH=7,燃烧及热处理温度为650℃。对比了溶胶燃烧法与凝胶燃烧法对BST粉末粒度和相结构的影响。应用X射线衍射和透射电镜等对粉体的相结构、粒径、形貌进行了分析和观察。     

钛酸钡薄膜的喷雾热分解方法制备及PTC效应研究

介绍了在Pt／Ti/Si(100)衬底上用溶胶溶液和喷雾热分解方法制备BaTiO3薄膜，并研究其PTC效应。富钛3％的钛酸钡溶胶溶液在衬底温度650℃环境下成膜，氧气作为载气其流量为1．5L／min，800℃环境下退火2h。在大于居里点温度Tc(138℃)时表现出良好的PTC效应。钛酸钡薄膜厚度1500nm时，室温下极间电阻为70Ω。在大于居里点温度Tc(138℃)时，极间电阻可达10^6Ω。     

溶胶凝胶法制备锆钛酸钡超细粉体

为研究用于合成纳米级高纯锆钛酸钡陶瓷粉的溶胶凝胶制备工艺.工艺采用柠檬酸锆为锆源,低价的乙酸与己二醇为溶剂,不采用己二醇独甲醚等有毒溶剂,不仅生产成本显著降低,且为环境友好材料,易于实现产业化.对采用乙酸钡-柠檬酸锆-钛酸四丁酯-己二醇体系制备的锆钛酸钡纳米粉体,通过XRD、TEM、TG-DTA分析,研究确定了溶胶、凝胶及烧结工艺.确定的最佳溶胶工艺条件为:温度40℃,pH 3.5,浓度0.05~0.1mol/L.凝胶经800℃烧结,可获得粒度为40 nm,近球形的单一钙钛矿相锆钛酸钡粉体.     

Electrorheological Particles Composed of Polyaniline Core and BaTiO3 Layer Shell

Composite particles consisting of polyaniline(Pan )core and barium titanate(BaTiO3) layer shell were synthesized. The PAn-BaTiO3 composites particles were characterized with TEM and XRD. The dielectric behavior of particles was tested and the electrorheological (ER) behavior of the suspensions of PAn/BaTiO3 parti-cles in chlorinated paraffin oil with a 20vol% was investigated under DC electric field.The results show that the ER effect of composite particle is far stronger than that of pure polyaniline and barium titanate which were synthe-sized by the same methed. PH and thickness of BaTiO3 have an important influence on the ER effects.     

Preparation and characterization of nanometer-sized barium titanate powder by complex-precursor method

A new complex-precursor method was proposed to prepare nanometer-sized BaTiO3 powder. Firstly,Ti2O（O2）2（ta）24-complex ions were prepared by the reaction of H2O2,Ti^4＋ and ta^3-（ta=[C6H6O6N]^3-） with a desirable amount of surface active agent,and then the Ba2[Ti2O（O2）2（ta）2]·2H2O precursor was obtained by reaction between [Ti2O（O2）2（ta）2]^4-and Ba^2＋. Finally,the precursor was annealed at 800 ℃ for 2 h to obtain BaTiO3 powder. The morphology,the particle size distribution,the purity and the molar ratio of Ba to Ti of BaTiO3 powder were investigated systematically by TEM,XRD,IR,Raman and chemical analysis,respectively. The results show that the BaTiO3 powders with the grain size of about 40 nm have a tetragonal crystalline structure at room temperature and a spherical morphology.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备BaTiO3纳米粉体

阐述了用溶胶－凝胶工艺的半醇盐法制备BaTiO3纳米粉体的基本原理和工艺流程，讨论了溶剂、pH值、Ti/Ba摩尔比以及热处理工艺对BaTiO3纳米粉体性能的影响，并分析了目前以该法制备BaTiO3纳米粉体存在的问题。     

钛酸钡分子核磁共振的量子化学研究

用量子化学从头计算方法，在RHF／LANL2DZ的水平上对单个BaTiO3分子进行了基态构型优化。在此基础上进行了两种规范变换方法（GIAO和CSGT）的RHF／LANL2DZ的NMR屏蔽张量计算，得到与BaTiO3jjj wsg NMR实验研究相符合的结果。