粒子电极法深度处理焦化废水实验

对粒子电极法在焦化废水三级处理工艺方面的应用进行实验.结果表明:在电解电压12V、电解时间40min、活性炭加入少量玻璃珠粒子电极条件下,粒子电极法对焦化废水二级处理出水的COD去除率可达到70%.     

铁铜微电解工艺处理碱渣废水的试验研究

碱渣废水水量少、污染负荷高,是炼油行业高浓度、难降解有机废水.研究了铁铜微电解工艺对碱渣废水处理效果,结果表明:当初始pH为5,曝气时间为8 h,填料填充率为35%时,微电解工艺对COD_(Cr)和色度的去除效率分别达到60%和91%,出水BOD/COD提高至0.44,从而满足后续生化处理的水质需求.GC-MS图谱表明:废水中有机物在微电解工艺中得到有效削减.微电解工艺处理碱渣可行性高,出水水质得到有效改善,降低了炼油厂排放的污染物负荷.     

酸析—微电解—Fenton氧化预处理亚麻脱胶废水的研究

高浓度亚麻脱胶废水CODCr、色度都很高,不宜直接进行生物处理.试验采用酸析-微电解-Fenton氧化的预处理工艺,并对反应的影响因素进行了研究,试验结果表明,在pH=3,微电解90 min,H2O2投量1 500 mg/L,Fenton氧化120 min的条件下,CODCr去除率可以达到71.4%,色度去除率超过90%.同时该方法提高了废水的可生化性,有利于后续的生化处理.     

紫外光助氧化法处理TNT废水研究

研究了紫外光 臭氧氧化法、单纯紫外光照及单纯臭氧氧化法处理三硝基甲苯 (TNT)废水的可行性 ,初步分析了TNT降解过程中的主要中间产物 ,提出TNT废水治理中不仅应考虑其浓度指标 ,更应考虑复杂中间产物潜在的毒性和难降解性。     

OCAR-两级接触氧化-化学氧化工艺处理含甲醛化工废水

某化工集团排出的含甲醛废水具有来源复杂,水质水量差别大,处理难度高等特点,采用微电解-0CAR-两级接触氧化组合工艺进行分质处理.在高浓度废水CODCr和甲醛浓度分别为5 276.7 mg/L和82.52 mg/L时,微电解-OCAR系统的平均去除率为78.6%和76.5%,预处理后各类废水经两级接触氧化池处理后CODCr和甲醛浓度分别为106.9 mg/L和3.72 mg/L.经分析,为确保出水甲醛稳定达标,可将设计中原有的砂滤池改造为化学氧化池,H2O2(质量分数为30%)最佳投加量为1 mL/L.工程处理直接运行费用为3.9元/m3.     

强化微电解-水解酸化-SBR处理造纸废水的效果

研究采用混凝、强化微电解、水解酸化和SBR组合技术处理造纸废水的效果。结果表明,废水经混凝处理、H_2O_2/MnO_2/微电解处理后,废水COD、SS、NH3-N、TP、BOD的去除率分别为88.23%、98.47%、86.78%、98.68%和82.56%,废水的可生化性由0.32提高到0.42;经水解酸化和SBR处理后,出水中COD平均质量浓度为85 mg/L,SS质量浓度为0 mg/L,NH3-N平均质量浓度为1.42 mg/L,TP平均质量浓度为0.1 mg/L,BOD平均质量浓度为30 mg/L。工程连续运行15d,进水中COD平均质量浓度为5 865 mg/L,出水中COD平均质量浓度为85 mg/L,COD总去除率为98.55%,出水达到废水一级排放要求。     

微电解-Fenton联合工艺处理拉米夫定废水的试验研究

研究了铁炭微电解-Fenton联合工艺对高浓度难生化处理的拉米夫定制药废水的预处理效果.结果表明:在微电解2 h, Fenton 1 h,pH为3,H_2O_2(30%)投量5 mL/L条件下,COD_(Cr)去除率可以达到76%,色度去除率超过98%,BOD/COD由0.15提高到0.52,有利于后续的生化处理.     

铁碳微电解工艺在含氟废水处理工程中的应用

根据某含氟废水的水质特点,采用废水综合调节池、铁碳微电解、混凝沉淀、砂滤及活性炭吸附工艺对含氟废水进行处理,经过一段时间运行后,污染物COD、氟化物的平均去除率达到90.7%和94.7%,出水水质完全符合排放标准并为光伏产业生产过程中排放的含氟废水处理提供参考,并提出了对铁碳微电解和混凝沉淀工艺进行优化的建议。     

电凝聚对厨房废水处理的试验研究

采用电凝聚对厨房废水进行处理。通过改变电流密度、电解时间、沉淀时间等条件 ,进行了对废水中的COD ,浊度 ,NH3-N ,油 ,TP去除率的试验研究。当COD为 2 2 6 4mg/L ,油 15 5 4mg/L ,浊度 330 3NTU ,NH3-N 4 5mg/L ,TP 2 1 36mg/L时 ,在电流密度 2 0A/m2 ,沉淀时间 15min ,电解时间 10min的条件下 ,COD和氨氮去除率接近 70 % ,油的去除率达 90 %以上 ;对TP和浊度也有较好的去除效果     

煤气厂洗气废水处理的试验研究

采用铁盐沉淀电解生化工艺进行煤气厂洗气废水处理试验。试验结果表明 :废水经铁盐沉淀、电解及水解酸化工序后 ,废水的可生化性显著提高 ,经好氧生化处理后的水质指标符合国家有关排放标准 ,CODCr的总去除率达 89%。     

Fenton-活性炭法处理炮弹销毁废水的实验研究

针对炮弹销毁废水TNT、CODCr及色度含量高、水质稳定、难以降解的特点,在实验室试验的基础上,采用Fenton氧化-活性炭吸附的集成技术,进行了现场的实验研究,重点分析研究了影响Fenton氧化效果的主要因素,确定了最佳的运行参数,即c(H2O2)=0.05 mol/L,c(Fe2+)=1.80 mmol/L,pH=3.5,反应时间t=12 h。实际生产运行表明,经Fenton氧化后,TNT可有效去除80%,CODC r去除率为84%,经活性炭吸附后TNT<1 mg/L,CODC r<50 mg/L,出水水质稳定,完全达到冷却水回用标准,实现了污水的零排放。     

Retention of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and heavy metals from industrial waste water by using the low cost adsorbent pine bark in a batch experiment

Pine bark is a low cost sorbent originating from the forest industry. In recent years, it has been found to show promise as an adsorbent for metals and organic substances in contaminated water, especially landfill leachates and storm water. This study aims to investigate if pine bark can replace commercial adsorbents such as active carbon. An industrial effluent, collected from a treatment plant of a demilitarization factory, was diluted to form concentration ranges of contaminants and shaken with pine bark for 24 hours. Metals (e.g. Pb, Zn, Cd, As and Ni) and explosives, e.g., 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), were analysed before and after treatment. The aim of the experiment was twofold; firstly, it was to investigate whether metals are efficiently removed in the presence of explosives and secondly, if adsorption of explosive substances to pine bark was possible. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the adsorption process where this was possible. It was found that metal uptake was possible in the presence of TNT and other explosive contaminants. The uptake of TNT was satisfactory with up to 80% of the TNT adsorbed by pine bark.     

The possible reduction pathways of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by sulfide under simulated anaerobic conditions

To predict the final fate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its intermediates in an anaerobic fermentative solution containing reduced sulfur species and to provide a basis for the adoption of remediation methods, we investigated the pathways of TNT (TNT(0) = 50 mg/L) reduction by Na(2)S at 30 ± 1 °C in an acetic acid-sodium bicarbonate buffer. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was used to identify TNT metabolites at different reaction times. The law of growth and decline of TNT and its metabolites was determined with time. The LC/MS result, combined with the physicochemical characteristics of related products and information from the literature, indicated possible TNT conversion pathways. Sulfide can initiate both nitroreduction and denitration of TNT simultaneously. Nitroreduction led to the accumulation of primary intermediates 4-hydroxylaminodinitrotoluene and 4-aminodinitrotoluene, whereas denitration resulted in the production of unidentified substances with molecular weight less than that of TNT. Also, polyreaction between the above intermediates formed many unidentified substances. Humification was concluded to be the best choice for remediation of TNT-contaminated soil and water due to the formation of intermediates with stable, intact aromatic systems. However, the denitration pathway of TNT offered the possibility of mineralization.     

一体式膜生物反应器处理焦化废水

介绍了用一体式膜生物反应器(M BR)处理焦化废水的技术,讨论了对焦化废水中的COD,NH3-N和浊度的去除效果及影响因素。实验结果表明,一体式膜生物反应器用于处理焦化废水在技术上是可行的,调整合适的操作参数,其对焦化废水中的COD,NH3-N和浊度的平均去除率分别达到80%、95%、90%以上,操作简单,出水水质好,稳定,且优于国家一级排放标准,有一定的推广意义。     

生物滤池串联工艺处理西洋河淀粉废水

为减少西洋河淀粉废水中大量N、P、CODCr进入洋河水库,加剧水库的富营养化,进行了 生物滤池串联工艺处理西洋河淀粉废水的研究。结果表明:系统对淀粉废水中的氨氮、总氮、总磷、 可溶性总磷、正磷酸盐、CODCr均具有较好的去除效果,去除率可分别达到57．7％、58．7％、66．8％、 65．7％、67．4％、75．2％,且对进水浓度变化具有一定的适应性。     

西安市第六污水处理厂设计水质水量分析与确定

城市污水处理厂进水水质与水量是污水处理工程设计的基本参数。针对拟建的西安市第六污水处理厂服务区域内的水量、水质进行调查,根据衡算法计算相应的水量和水质,并按照不同的保证率计算设计进水水质,建议按实测水质浓度90%保证率确定污水处理厂设计进水水质,同时依据实测水量确定污水处理厂的设计处理规模为10万m~3/d,监测和计算结果为西安市第六污水处理厂设计提供依据。     

Production integrated treatment of textile wastewater by closing raw material cycles.

A method for the in-house treatment of partial wastewater flows and the recycling of treated process water into the textile finishing process was developed in order to recycle effluents from textile finishing industry and feed them back into the production process. The method is based on a two-stage biological anaerobic-aerobic process to split colouring wastewater agents and to degrade organic substances contained in the water as well as a chemical stage to remove the remaining color of the water with the help of ozone. In the framework of a research and development project a demonstration plant for a treatment capacity of 1440 m3 per working day was installed and started in a textile finishing company. At the plant, a wastewater flow and a recycling flow are treated separately in two different treatment lanes. Approximately 40% of the total wastewater flows, i.e. 576 m3/d are treated in the wastewater lane, and a maximum of 60% of total wastewater, i.e. 864 m3/d are treated in the recycling lane. Thanks to the preliminary treatment of wastewater flows, which are discharged into the municipal sewage works, a reduction of average COD levels in the sewage works effluents could be achieved.     

水解酸化-好氧移动床膜生物反应器处理高浓度有机废水的试验研究

好氧移动床膜生物反应器(M-CMCBR)是生物膜法与微滤膜相结合的一种新型反应器。采用水解酸化-好氧移动床膜生物反应器处理高浓度有机废水和含酚废水。试验结果表明:此工艺可以提高难降解有机废水的可生化性,继而得到较好的出水水质。进水CODCr为3000～5000mg/L时,最终膜出水CODCr为30～90mg/L,总去除率为98.5%～99.5%。     

二氧化氯催化氧化降解铬黑T试验研究

在常温常压下,对Fe2O3/γ—A12O3+H2O2和ClO2+TiO2两种催化氧化体系处理铬黑T废水的效果进行了分析。试验结果表明,处理甲基橙废水效果较好的Fe2O3/γ—Al2O3+H2O2组合对铬黑T的降解效果非常有限,而ClO2+TiO2组合的处理效果较好:以500 mg/L的铬黑T溶液为模拟废水,当pH为4,C102投加量为200 mg/L,TiO2投加量为500 mg/L,反应时间为90 min时,脱色率达89.96%,CODCr的去除率可达45.36%。