炭基脱硫剂再生研究综述

干法脱硫工艺是一种对脱除低浓度的二氧化硫经济有效的脱硫工艺,炭基脱硫剂是干法脱硫工艺的核心,脱硫剂在吸硫饱和后需要再生恢复其脱硫活性。本文详细介绍了目前炭基脱硫剂的几种再生方法:水洗再生、热再生、微波再生等,并简单归纳了这几种再生方法的原理和优缺点,指出微波再生法由于其再生效率高、再生时间短、再生能耗低等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

高比表面积Ca(OH)2应用于焦化厂烟气脱硫的研究分析

为提高Ca(OH)_2脱硫剂脱硫效率,制备了高比表面积(BET)Ca(OH)_2,并在工业化装置进行了干熄焦尾气干法脱硫和焦炉烟气脱硫试验。结果表明,与普通的Ca(OH)_2相比,高BET Ca(OH)_2的理化指标和脱硫效率都有明显提升,且脱硫剂用量更少;将其直接喷入脱硫塔进行干熄焦尾气脱硫,不需要喷水加湿也能将烟气中SO_2质量浓度控制在30 mg/m~3以下,说明其脱硫活性高,可以代替干法脱硫剂NaHCO_3。     

康世富可再生胺法脱硫技术的应用

介绍CANSOLV可再生胺法二氧化硫洗涤工艺的原理、特点及其应用.该系统由两部分组成:洗涤-吸收和再生-净化.含硫气体在预洗涤段用水除去微粒和强酸,在吸收段由贫胺液吸收二氧化硫;所产生的富胺液在再生塔通过低压蒸汽汽提再生,生产φ(SO2)99.9%(干基)的SO2产品,胺液得到再生;贫胺液循环返回吸收段,同时一小部分送到净化单元,以除去稳定性盐.该工艺已用于FCCU烟气、克劳斯装置尾气、冶炼厂烟气、电厂烟气、硫酸厂尾气等脱硫,脱硫效率高,经济效益好.     

Cansolv二氧化硫脱除法的工艺基础

Cansolv二氧化硫脱除法由联合碳化物公司和Cansolv工艺公司开发,是一种再生型胺基二氧化硫脱除工艺,可用于硫回收装置尾气、电厂烟气等气体的脱硫。该工艺采用一种专利二胺溶液吸收气体中的二氧化硫,溶液通过加热再生,同时得到纯净的二氧化硫气体。其工艺流程见图1。     

焦炉推焦烟气脱硫工艺的选择与实践

阐述了焦炉推焦烟气中二氧化硫的排放特点,提出以NaHCO3作为脱硫剂的干法推焦烟气脱硫工艺,实践证明,该工艺简单,灵活性高,脱硫效果良好,应用范围广,具有借鉴意义。     

常见金属氧化物烟气脱硫研究进展

对几种常见金属氧化物的烟气脱硫(SO_2)进行了研究,分别从干法、湿法以及半干法详细介绍了常见金属氧化物的脱硫效果及影响脱硫效果的各种因素。干法脱硫剂主要发生吸附反应、氧化反应;湿法脱硫主要是液相催化氧化作用;半干法脱硫以CaO为主要脱硫成分。干法脱硫催化剂有再生操作复杂、制备成本较高的缺点;湿法烟气脱硫效率高、适应范围广,成为主要的烟气脱硫方法,但湿法脱硫也存在占地面积大、技术复杂、脱硫过程中会造成资源浪费等问题。本文对比总结了常见金属氧化物的脱硫特点及其工业应用现状,分析了矿浆脱硫的可行性,同时对矿浆脱硫的研究前景提出展望,从而进一步为工业废气净化研究奠定基础。     

炉膛喷钙脱硫工艺中脱硫剂的制备及性能研究

二氧化硫是大气的主要污染源之一。随着国家环保标准的升级,烟气中二氧化硫的最高排放浓度越来越低。这就要求对现有的脱硫工艺进行升级改造。目前,工业烟气常用的脱硫方法主要有干法脱硫、半干法脱硫和湿法脱硫。针对炉膛喷钙脱硫技术进行研究,筛选了脱硫剂的基本组分、评价条件,并制备了脱硫剂进行评价。通过比较氢氧化钙、氧化钙、碳酸钙的脱硫效果,发现三者中氢氧化钙的脱硫效果最好,将其确定为脱硫剂的基本组分。评价过程中,最佳的评价条件是氢氧化钙的加入量为0.8 mL,反应气的流量为200 mL/min。升高温度对于氢氧化钙脱硫是有利的。反应温度越高,氢氧化钙的脱硫效果越好。向氢氧化钙中引入三氧化二铁、二氧化锰,相对于氢氧化钙而言,表现出更好的脱硫效果。     

离子液脱硫工艺在铜冶炼烟气脱硫中的应用实践

介绍了离子液脱硫工艺在铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司奥炉厂区环集烟气和制酸尾气脱硫系统的应用实践情况。结合生产实践经验，重点介绍了尾气脱硫系统的过程控制与操作要点，贫/富液换热器和再沸器堵塞、再生SO2气体的处理受制酸系统制约、再生塔壳体和离子液输送管道腐蚀等常见故障及采取的处理措施。通过在环集烟气条件控制与离子液脱硫系统运行两方面不断持续优化，该离子液尾气脱硫系统投运5年来，运行稳定，脱硫效果较好，且不产生废渣，废水量少，再生的SO2气体可用于制酸，具有明显的环保优势，适用于蒸汽有富余的冶炼企业。     

间歇冶炼烟气制酸系统的设计

针对奥斯麦特铅熔炉烟气流量和浓度呈周期性变化的特点,提出采用一转一吸工艺制酸,然后通过离子液脱硫技术对制酸尾气进行处理。离子液再生解吸出的高纯度二氧化硫液化后储存,需要时气化后加到进入转化器的烟气中,以获得φ(SO2)6%以上的稳定烟气,保证制酸系统的稳定运行。     

电石渣在循环流化床烟气脱硫中的应用

干法烟气脱硫一般采用生石灰或者熟石灰作为脱硫剂,采用电石渣作为脱硫剂以废制废,有效降低了干法烟气脱硫的运行成本。文中在一台自主开发研制的75 t/h循环流化床烟气脱硫装置上,进行了用电石渣作为脱硫剂的干法烟气脱硫热态试验研究。试验发现,由于电石渣杂质较多、活性差,当电石渣浆液质量分数大于15%时,易造成喷嘴阻塞,影响了脱硫设备的稳定运行。为了兼顾运行成本和脱硫效率,进行了用电石渣和石灰粉混合使用作为脱硫剂的试验研究,当电石渣与石灰混合,其质量比为2∶1,Ca/S摩尔比为1.3时,脱硫效率可达到80%左右。     

Regeneration of Fe2O3-based high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent in atmosphere with sulfur dioxide

Regeneration of a high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent is a key technology in its industrial applications. A Fe₂O₃-based high-temperature coal gas desulfurizer was prepared using red mud from steel factory. The influences of regeneration temperature, space velocity and regeneration gas concentration in SO₂ atmosphere on regeneration performances of the desulfurization sorbent were tested in a fixed bed reactor. The changes of phase and the composition of the Fe₂O₃-based high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and the changes of pore structure were characterized by the mercury intrusion method. The results show that the major products are Fe₃O₄ and elemental sulfur; the influences of regeneration temperature, space velocity and SO₂ concentration in inlet on regeneration performances and the changes of pore structure of the desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration are visible. The desulfurization sorbent cannot be regenerated at 500°C in SO₂ atmosphere. Within the range of 600°C–800°C, the time of regeneration becomes shorter, and the regeneration conversion increases as the temperature rises. The time of regeneration also becomes shorter, and the elemental sulfur content of tail gas increases as the SO₂ concentration in inlet is increased. The increase in space velocity enhances the reactive course; the best VSP is 6000 h⁻¹ for regeneration conversion. At 800°C, 20 vol-% SO₂ and 6000 h⁻¹, the regeneration conversion can reach nearly to 90%.     

Regeneration of Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-based high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent in atmosphere with sulfur dioxide

Regeneration of a high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent is a key technology in its industrial applications. A Fe₂O₃-based high-temperature coal gas desulfurizer was prepared using red mud from steel factory. The influences of regeneration temperature, space velocity and regeneration gas concentration in SO₂ atmosphere on regeneration performances of the desulfurization sorbent were tested in a fixed bed reactor. The changes of phase and the composition of the Fe₂O₃-based high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and the changes of pore structure were characterized by the mercury intrusion method. The results show that the major products are Fe₃O₄ and elemental sulfur; the influences of regeneration temperature, space velocity and SO₂ concentration in inlet on regeneration performances and the changes of pore structure of the desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration are visible. The desulfurization sorbent cannot be regenerated at 500°C in SO₂ atmosphere. Within the range of 600°C–800°C, the time of regeneration becomes shorter, and the regeneration conversion increases as the temperature rises. The time of regeneration also becomes shorter, and the elemental sulfur content of tail gas increases as the SO₂ concentration in inlet is increased. The increase in space velocity enhances the reactive course; the best VSP is 6000 h^?1 for regeneration conversion. At 800°C, 20 vol-% SO₂ and 6000 h^?1, the regeneration conversion can reach nearly to 90%.     

Sulfur dioxide removal by calcium-modified fibrous KCC-1 mesoporous silica: kinetics,thermodynamics, isotherm and mass transfer mechanism

Journal of Porous Materials - The removal of sulfur dioxide from industrial flue gas through dry flue gas desulfurization method commonly involves the use of adsorption process with porous sorbent....     

高温煤气脱硫剂的研究

介绍了高温煤气脱硫剂的研制、脱硫工艺条件试验、再生工艺条件试验和长周期考核试验。结果表明,以锌、锰和铁等氧化物为主成分,辅加多种助剂的高温煤气脱硫剂,可在(350～600)℃脱除煤气中的H_2S和COS,脱硫精度高,硫容大,脱硫剂脱硫后可再生。脱硫剂经22次脱硫-再生循环操作后,仍具有高脱硫性能。     

高温煤气脱硫剂铁酸锌的性能及再生研究

以共沉淀法制备的铁酸锌作为脱硫剂的活性组分制备了一种新型的高温煤气脱硫剂.对不同工艺条件下脱硫剂脱硫活性、再生条件及使用寿命进行了研究.结果表明,铁酸锌脱硫剂的脱硫效果显著,较高的温度下可得到高的硫容量;高的氧气含量可加快其再生速率,但硫容量会有所降低.     

硫化条件对氧化铈高温煤气脱硫剂的影响

氧化铈是一种新型的高温煤气脱硫剂,它的主要优点是再生过程中能产生单质硫。本文采用工业硝酸铈Ce（NO3）3.6H2O为原料制取CeO2,用干混法制备CeO2高温煤气脱硫剂。在固定床反应器中考察不同空速、不同硫化温度以及水气氛对脱硫剂脱硫效率的影响。结果表明：硫化温度800℃,空速1 500 h-1脱硫剂的脱硫效率较高;水气氛的存在,抑制了脱硫剂的还原与硫化,使得脱硫剂的脱硫效率下降。     

高温煤气脱硫剂及再生特性研究

高温煤气净化是实现IGCC过程的关键环节，系统地介绍了国内外钙、锌、铜的锰系高温脱硫剂近年来的研究结果，同时结合脱硫剂再生的研究，分析了各种脱硫剂在高温脱硫过程中可能遇到的问题，探讨了各种脱硫剂的再生方法以及相应的尾气处理方案，最后对我国今后高温煤气脱硫剂研究开发提出了几点建议。     

电炉粉尘资源化与固硫剂的开发研究①

本文探讨了利用电炉炼钢粉尘进行型煤燃烧固硫和烟道气脱硫的可能性,实验测定和理论计算了典型的电炉粉尘的硫容量约为5．5mmol／g;当其作为型煤固硫添加剂时,固硫效果显著;当其作为烟道气脱硫剂时,脱硫率可达95％以上,反应活性很高。进一步加工,有望发展为固定床用脱硫剂,达到以废治废的目的。     

电炉粉尘资源化与固硫剂的开发研究

本文探讨了利用电炉炼钢粉尘进行型煤燃烧固硫和烟道气脱硫的可能性，实验测定和理论计算了典型的电炉粉尘的硫容量约为5．5mmol／g；当其作为型煤固硫添加剂时，固硫效果显著；当其作为烟道气脱硫剂时，脱硫率可达95％以上，反应活性很高。进一步加工，有望发展为固定床用脱硫剂，达到以废治废的目的。     

Kinetic studies on the reactions involved in the hot gas desulfurization using a regenerable iron oxide sorbent—II: Reactions of iron sulfide with oxygen and sulfur dioxide

In the hot gas desulfurization process using iron oxide sorbent, the regeneration of the sulfided iron oxide sorbent consists of two reactions: the oxidation of iron sulfide with air, and its reaction with the sulfur dioxide formed during the air oxidation. This part describes the kinetic studies on the reactions of iron sulfide (formed by the reactions of Fe₂O₃ with H₂CO mixture and subsequendy with H₂S) with oxygen and sulfur dioxide. The experimental and analysis procedures used are similar to those outlined in Part I of this paper.The activation energies for the oxygen and the sulfur dioxide reactions are found to be 15.63 and 17.5 kcal/mol, respectively. Notably, the product oxides formed in the two cases are different. With air, the reaction is fast and the final product is Fe₂O₃, whereas with SO₂, the major product is Fe₃O₄, which slowly oxidizes to Fe₂O₃ in a secondary step. Also, in the latter reaction elemental sulfur is formed.