共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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首先用液流拉伸单分子DNA,使其吸附在修饰过的云母基片上.然后让二次液流沿着垂直于已拉伸的DNA的方向流过云母片,用原子力显微镜(AFM)观测,可见DNA单分子片段在基片上形成了一些纳米尺度的悬链线.提出一种“S悬桥”模型能定量地解释这一现象.该研究工作揭示,在DNA的单分子操作中,经典的弹性力学理论足以描述和控制DNA分子二维图形的形成
关键词:
DNA
单分子DNA操纵
原子力显微镜(AFM)
纳米悬链线 相似文献
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《物理学报》2016,(18)
弹性蛋白是一类有着特殊力学特性的蛋白.在生物体内它们是承受和传递力的主要媒介;在生物体外,它们更是被广泛地用作高强度的生物材料.根据其功能不同,弹性蛋白的力学特性也各异.有些具有比较高的力学强度,有些则具有较大的延展性和弹性.科学家们很早就采用多种手段来人工合成弹性蛋白用于材料和纳米领域,但对于弹性蛋白的力学特性和序列结构之间的关系还不甚明晰.本综述介绍通过单分子力谱的实验方法来直接表征单根蛋白质在受力下结构的变化,研究其力学特性.基于Bell模型,推导出了蛋白质解折所需力与拉伸速率之间的关系,揭示了蛋白质力学强度的动力学特性,当拉伸速率较低时,解折叠力将正比于拉伸速率,对于较大的拉伸速率,解折叠力与拉伸速率成指数关系;探讨了决定蛋白质力学特性的结构因素和调控蛋白质力学特性的实验方法;介绍了单分子力谱测量的实验方法,包括基于光镊、磁镊和原子力显微镜的单分子力谱技术,着重介绍了原子力显微镜单分子力谱,并特别介绍了多聚蛋白技术来提供单分子测量的"指纹谱"和提高测量效率;论述了基于原子力显微镜单分子力谱研究蛋白质力学特性的最新进展,包括提高原子力显微镜的稳定性和力分辨率的方法,与荧光标记法相结合来提高实验效率的技术和高速扫描原子力显微镜;阐述了如何通过单分子力谱实验来理性设计蛋白质材料的力学特性,并对未来的研究热点做了展望. 相似文献
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文章作者用磁镊与原子力显微镜研究了抗癌药物顺铂对单个DNA分子结构的影响.当顺铂浓度较低时,DNA链变得柔软,驻留长度从~52 nm显著缩短到~15 nm;当顺铂浓度较高时,DNA表现出凝聚现象.基于单分子拉伸和原子力显微镜(AFM)成像两方面的实验结果,文章作者提出一个顺铂导致的DNA变软(softening)-成环(looping)-缩短(shortening)-凝聚(condensing)模型(简写为SLSC模型)来解释观察到的DNA凝聚,并认为通过远程交联使DNA形成小环结构是铂类抗癌药物作用的重要特征. 相似文献
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光学显微镜与CCD监视器组合的原子力显微镜 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研制了一种与光学显微镜结合并配置 CCD 监视器的原子力显微镜,可同时获得样品的原子力显微镜图象及光学图象.已能分辨出5纳米的精细结构,最大扫描范围可达2μm.文中给出了本仪器获得的一些样品图象结果. 相似文献
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通过动态光散射技术与原子力显微镜观察了Co(NH3)63+导致的λ-DNA凝聚.用动态光散射测量溶液中Co(NH3)63+作用后的DNA粒径大小,结果表明凝聚后的粒径与样品培育时间和Co(NH3)63+的浓度有关,随着培育时间或者Co(NH3)36+浓度的增加,凝聚后的粒径都会慢慢变小,最后趋于稳定.粒径的分析采用单峰的分布模式处理,表明所有DNA由松散构象向凝聚构象转化的过程基本趋于一致.用原子力显微镜观察Co(NH3)63+导致DNA凝聚的形态变化,并进一步证明了凝聚粒径的单峰分布模式. 相似文献
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Non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) has been applied to observe single- and double-stranded DNA. For the wet processes used to prepare the sample, a strong adhesion force at the surface is observed even in vacuum conditions. Despite the presence of this adhesion force, single- and double-stranded DNA images can be obtained by NC-AFM. Because of the high sensitivity of the tip-sample interaction, NC-AFM images provide stronger contrast than tapping mode (TM)-AFM images. NC-AFM images reveal detailed structures of single- and double-stranded DNA which are not revealed by TM-AFM. In addition, several NC-AFM images show contrast artifacts, which might provide information on the detailed structure of DNA. 相似文献
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原子间的自旋相互作用力对原子级别磁性纳米构造体的表面磁性质的理解是极为重要的. 磁交换力显微镜是测量表面自旋作用力的重要手段, 但它的缺点一是需要加外部强磁场, 二是不能分离表面形貌和自旋信息, 这就导致材料表面受外部磁场的影响, 而且表面形貌和自旋信息之间相互影响, 使自旋间的相互作用力的检测和成像研究受到限制.为了解决上述问题, 利用原子力显微镜, 并采用微波照射的方法, 根据铁磁共振原理, 分别独立提取磁性材料表面形貌和自旋信息, 称之为铁磁共振磁交换力显微镜, 理论和实验结果表明此方法可以有效地分离两种信息. 铁磁共振磁交换力显微镜可以促进对原子级磁性材料机能的理解以及磁性相关科学领域的进步, 特别是对自旋电子元件的发展有很大的促进作用, 是新世纪高度信息化社会不可缺少的测量技术.
关键词:
原子力显微镜
磁交换力显微镜
自旋
铁磁共振 相似文献
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K. Nakamura T. Oguchi H. Hasegawa K. Sueoka K. Hayakawa K. Mukasa 《Applied Surface Science》1999,140(3-4):366-370
This article describes the possibility of measuring exchange force through atomic force microscopy (AFM), based on the results of first-principles calculations for the exchange force between two magnetic Fe(001) films. We observed strong variation of the exchange force relative to the surface site. The magnitude of the force variation was larger than the force sensitivity of conventional AFM. These results suggest that a surface magnetic image with atomic resolution can be achieved by measuring the exchange force. 相似文献
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介绍了原子力显微镜的基本工作原理及其应用,阐述了在大学物理实验课程中开设原子力显微镜有关实验的必要性和重要意义,结合在教学和科研方面的经验,指出了在大学物理实验课中开设原子力显微镜有关实验的设计。最后,以分析半导体薄膜的形貌特性为例,探讨了原子力显微镜在大学物理实验课中的具体应用。 相似文献
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Electrospun polymeric submicron and nanofibers can be used as tissue engineering scaffolds in regenerative medicine. In physiological conditions fibers are subjected to stresses and strains from the surrounding biological environment. Such stresses can cause permanent deformation or even failure to their structure. Therefore, there is a growing necessity to characterize their mechanical properties, especially at the nanoscale.Atomic force microscopy is a powerful tool for the visualization and probing of selected mechanical properties of materials in biomedical sciences. Image resolution of atomic force microscopy techniques depends on the equipment quality and shape of the scanning probe. The probe radius and aspect ratio has huge impact on the quality of measurement.In the presented work the nanomechanical properties of four different polymer based electrospun fibers were tested using PeakForce Quantitative NanoMechanics atomic force microscopy, with standard and modified scanning probes. Standard, commercially available probes have been modified by etching using focused ion beam (FIB). Results have shown that modified probes can be used for mechanical properties mapping of biomaterial in the nanoscale, and generate nanomechanical information where conventional tips fail. 相似文献
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The adsorption of DNA molecules on mica surface and the following desorption of DNA molecules at ethanol-mica interface were studied using atomic force microscopy. By changing DNA concentration, different morphologies on mica surface have been observed. A very uniform and orderly monolayer of DNA molecules was constructed on the mica surface with a DNA concentration of 30 ng/μL. When the samples were immersed into ethanol for about 15 min, various desorption degree of DNA from mica (0-99%) was achieved. It was found that with the increase of DNA concentration, the desorption degree of DNA from the mica at ethanol-mica interface decreased. And when the uniform and orderly DNA monolayers were formed on the mica surface, almost no DNA molecule desorbed from the mica surface in this process. The results indicated that the uniform and orderly DNA monolayer is one of the most stable DNA structures formed on the mica surface. In addition, we have studied the structure change of DNA molecules after desorbed from the mica surface with atomic force microscopy, and found that the desorption might be ascribed to the ethanol-induced DNA condensation. 相似文献
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We elaborate on a mean-field extension of the wormlike chain model that accounts for the presence of long-range correlations (LRC) in the intrinsic curvature disorder of genomic DNA, the stronger the LRC, the smaller the persistence length. The comparison of atomic force microscopy imaging of straight, uncorrelated virus and correlated human DNA fragments with DNA simulations confirms that the observed decrease in persistence length for human DNA more likely results from a sequence-induced large-scale intrinsic curvature than from some increased flexibility. 相似文献