芳香型聚氨酯改性环氧树脂共混材料的研究

以芳香型二元醇为原料，用原位聚合的方法制备了环氧树脂／芳香型聚氨酯共混材料。用红外光谱表征了其反应，测试了所得材料的力学性能，用热失重和差示扫描量热法对所得材料进行了热性能研究。结果表明，用芳香型聚氨酯改性环氧树脂，既能提高环氧树脂的韧性，也能提高环氧树脂的力学性能与热性能。     

聚碳酸酯二元醇及其在聚氨酯材料中的应用

本文论述了聚碳酸酯二元醇及聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯材料的发展概况，并分别简述了聚碳酸酯二元醇的合成方法、应用及聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯材料的性能与特点。     

HTPB/液化MDI型PU与PMMA的共混研究

用同步聚合法制备了一系列HTPB／液化MDI型PU与PMMA的共混材料，分别用FTIR、DSC、SEM和拉力实验机对共混材料的反应进度、玻璃化转变温度、力学性能和微观形态进行了考查和研究；结果表明，体系中PMMA优先于PU聚合，共混材料的玻璃化转变温度Tg2随PMMA质量分数的增加略呈上升趋势；材料的拉伸强度和硬度均随体系中PMMA质量分数的增加而增大，断裂伸长率则逐渐减小；体系微观呈两相分离，当PMMA占50％时，相畴最小。     

POE与聚丙烯的共混

研究了乙烯 辛烯共聚物与聚丙烯共混型热塑性弹性体的制备方法。通过实验得到两种材料较好的共混比为60/40,并就配方中其它材料对共混体系综合性能的影响进行了探讨。结果表明:交联剂酚醛树脂的用量对体系硬度影响较大;填料的种类和用量对性能的影响较大,当填料为碳酸钙时用量以15份为宜。     

一种超支化增容剂的合成及其应用

将甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚碳酸酯型二元醇(PCDL)和二乙醇胺为原料合成的一种AB2型化合物作为单体;通过逐步升温法使AB2型单体间相互反应合成了一种超支化聚氨酯(HPU);然后将羟基硅油接入超支化聚氨酯合成了有机硅改性超支化聚氨酯(HPU-Si)。采用红外光谱、核磁碳谱对聚合物的支化结构进行了表征。将HPU-Si作为增容剂加入聚氨酯/硅橡胶共混体系对其进行界面增容改性。利用扫描电镜观察共混物的界面微观结构,结果表明,HPU-Si显著改善了聚氨酯与硅橡胶间相容性。与空白样相比,当聚氨酯/硅橡胶共混比为80:20、HPU-Si为2份时,共混物的拉伸强度,断裂伸长率和撕裂强度得到显著提高,提高幅度分别为59.9%、63.9%和30.2%。     

CR/HPVC热塑性弹性体的性能研究

选用氯丁橡胶（CR）和高聚合度聚氯乙烯（HPVC）为主体材料，用动态硫化法制备了一类性能优异的材料－CR／HPVC共混型热塑性弹性体（TPE）。研究了共混方法、硫化温度、硫化体系、硫化剂用量及硫化时间等因素对动态硫化CR／HPVC热塑性弹性体力学性能的影响。     

AS/NBR/HSB三元共混体系的动态硫化

采用动态硫化方法制备了丙烯腈-丁二烯共聚物/丁腈橡胶/高苯乙烯树脂（AS/NBR/HSB）三元共混热塑性弹性体，研究了NBR中丙烯腈质量分数，橡塑比和硫化剂对共混体系性能的影响。结果表明，动态硫化显著提高了共混材料的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率，酚醛树脂是AS/NBR，HSB共混体系比较理想的动态硫化交联剂；采用HSB，NBR，AS三元共混，共混材料的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率得到良好的平衡；差示扫描量热分析表明，该三元共混材料具有NBR和AS两相的玻璃化转变温度，说明该体系是典型的不相容体系。     

LAE-102交联剂通过技术鉴定

<正> 由黎明化工研究院聚氨酯部研制成功的 LAE102交联剂于1988年12月12日通过了院级技术鉴定。LAE102交联剂属于芳香胺类聚醚二元醇,是一种应用范围较广的表面活性剂型交联剂。通常,用作反应注射成型(RIM)聚氨酯、半硬质泡沫塑制、聚氨酯弹性体及聚氨酯仪表板填充料等的交联剂,可提高聚氨酯制品的力学性能和尺寸稳定性,并能提高聚氨酯材料与聚烯烃表皮的粘接性能和改善混合料体系的流动性。此外,该产品还可用于表面活性剂、渗     

EPDM对改性PP共混体系力学性能的影响

本文采用熔融共混法制备聚丙烯（PP）／三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）／滑石粉共混材料。研究了EPDM对改性PP共混体系力学性能的影响及其原因．结果表明，在PP／EPDM／Talc共混体系中，EPDM含量达到约15％之后，材料的韧性指标开始飞速提高，刚性强度都开始下降。通过试验的正交偏光显微镜照片对力学性能变化趋势进行了探索。     

稀土β成核剂对PP/OBC共混体系力学和结晶性能的影响

以均聚聚丙烯(PP)为原料,乙烯-辛烯嵌段共聚物(OBC)为增韧材料,稀土化合物(WBGⅡ)为β成核剂制备了PP/OBC共混体系,分析了WBGⅡ对PP/OBC共混体系结晶性能、晶型和晶体形态的影响,并测试了共混体系的力学性能。结果表明,随着OBC含量的增加,PP/OBC共混体系缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率明显增大,拉伸强度和弯曲强度随之下降;含1.0%WBGⅡ母粒、15%OBC的PP/OBC共混体系,在152℃附近出现β晶型的特征熔融峰,结晶温度比纯PP提高了10.88℃,β晶型相对含量为21.94%,PP球晶尺寸减小,缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别提高了264.82%和367.66%。     

PPS/TLCP共混体系非等温结晶行为及性能研究

研究了聚苯硫醚（PPS）与全芳及半芳族热致性液晶（TLCP）共混物的结晶和熔融行为；通过差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和偏光显微镜（PLM）分析了PPS的结晶过程和晶体微观结构，并研究了材料力学性能。研究表明，加入少量全芳或半芳族TLCP，可显著提高PPS最大结晶温度和结晶速率，全芳族TLCP起异向成核作用，而半芳族TLCP促进晶体增长；加入质量分数为2％的全芳族TLCP，可同时提高PPS的拉伸和冲击强度。     

Adhesion and rheological properties of EVA-based hot-melt adhesives

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers of various melt indexes were blended with aromatic hydrocarbon resin in the molten state, and the thermal and adhesion properties as hot-melt adhesives (HMAs) were investigated. The thermal properties for the EVA blends with aromatic hydrocarbon resin were studied using differential scanning calorimeter, Brookfield viscometer and dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer. Their adhesion strength was also obtained using single lap shear strength. The examination of thermal properties for the blend of EVA copolymers with aromatic hydrocarbon resin over a large temperature range showed that the glass transition temperature was independent of their melt index (MI), but that their heat of fusion decreased with increasing MI of EVA copolymers. Furthermore, the storage and loss moduli of the blends decreased with increasing temperature and MI of EVA copolymers, but the loss tangent (tan δ) of the blends increased. An increase in the MI of EVA copolymers decreased the adhesion strength of the blend at the same test condition.     

Epoxy—Polyester IPNs modified with aromatic amines

Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (Semi-IPNs) based on epoxy and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR; added in 5.9 and 11.1 wt %) have been prepared by chemical route. Room temperature curing was attempted using triethylene tetramine as a hardener. Blend with 11.1% UPR is found to exhibit best mechanical properties. Further, blends were also prepared by adding aromatic amines such as diphenylamine (DPA, secondary amine) and benzidine (Bz, primary amine). Structural elucidation of the samples through identification of functional groups was carried out with the help of Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy. Absence of peak at 915 cm⁻¹ (characteristic of epoxy ring) confirmed complete curing in all the blends. The mechanical properties such as hardness, izod impact and tensile strength of blends were compared. The co-cured blends show decrease in shore hardness (≈ 1–6%), while, the izod impact exhibits an opposite trend. Blends with 10% DPA and Bz show an increase in izod impact by 268.6% and 38.8% respectively. Further, the tensile strength is observed to be enhanced by 45% in case of DPA while addition of Bz reduces it by 32.8%. Thermal properties were studied by thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis. TGA shows no significant change in onset and decomposition temperature but temperature at which it melts is lowered almost by 100–150°C together with the onset temperature (by ≈ 200°C) observed in DSC. Scanning electron micrographs reveal granular nature of the samples. The homogeneity of blends appears to be good. The blends co-cured with DPA are relatively crystalline compared with others. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

ABS／SMA及ABS／SMA／PMMA的性能研究

研究了ABS／SMA和ABS／SMA／PMMA共混体系,确定了配比与合金的拉伸强度、冲击强度、断裂伸长率、模量、热变形温度、熔体流动速率等关系。结果表明：①ABS中引入SMA可以显著提高耐热性能,但同时合金的缺口冲击强度严重降低;②ABS中引入SMA可使合金的流动性能提高;③ABS／SMA体系中引入第三组分PMMA可以大幅度提高共混物的缺口冲击强度,同时使合金的耐热性能有所提高。     

聚苯醚接枝马来酸酐/聚酰胺66共混物的制备与性能

通过辐照法将马来酸酐(MAH)基团接枝到聚苯醚(PPE)上,制备了PPE-g-MAH,将其和聚酰胺(PA)66通过熔融共混挤出方法制备了PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物。采用差示扫描量热、吸水性实验、维卡软化和热变形实验、拉伸和冲击性能测试及动态力学性能测试等对PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物性能进行了研究。结果表明,与PPE/PA66共混物相比,PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物的耐热性能、力学性能和吸水性能均得到改善;随PPE-g-MAH含量的增加,PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物中PA66的熔融温度和玻璃化转变温度均向PPE方向移动,表明两者的相容性有所提升,且共混物的维卡软化温度、热变形温度、25℃之前的储能模量均升高,吸水率降低;当PPE-g-MAH含量较低时,共混物拉伸强度提升明显而冲击强度升幅较小,当PPE-g-MAH含量较高时,共混物冲击强度提升明显而拉伸强度基本不变。因此,可以根据实际的应用要求选择合适的PPE-g-MAH含量。     

rPET/POE/LDPE-g-AA复合材料的制备及性能

以回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯( rPET)为基体材料,乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)为增韧材料,丙烯酸接枝低密度聚乙烯( LDPE-g-AA)为增容剂,制备了rPET/POE/LDPE-g-AA复合材料.分析了POE、LDPE-g-AA对rPET 玻璃化转变温度、断面相结构、结晶性能、力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入POE...     

Blends of thermotropic polyester with poly(phenylene oxide)

A thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) based on wholly aromatic copolyesters based on hydroxynaphthoic and hydroxybenzoic acid was melt-blended with a thermoplastic poly(phenylene oxide) by corotating twin screw extruder. Rheological properties, temperature transitions, dynamic and mechanical properties, and electron microscopy study have been performed. Rheological study indicated significant viscosity reductions with increasing LCP content leading to ease of processing. From the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer results, these blends showed incompatibility for the whole range of concentrations. Mechanical properties were found to be slightly improved at low LCP and dramatically improved at above 50% LCP contents. In addition, impact strength was significantly increased up to two times after adding 10% LCP into the matrix. The morphology of blends was affected by composition. Droplets and stubby fibrils structures caused lower tensile strength, whereas fibrillar structure improved this property.     

Impact strength and melt viscosity of bisphenol-a polycarbonate and styrene-maleic-anhydride copolymer blends

Mixtures of 90, 80, and 70 percent by weight bisphenol-A-polycarbonate (PC) and 10, 20, and 30 percent by weight styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer were melt-blended in a single screw extruder. Differential scanning calorimetry (DCS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to determine the miscibility of the blends. The viscosity, as a function of shear rate and temperature, was measured by an Instron capillary viscometer. The notched impact strength as a function of temperature was measured by an Izod impact tester. The results of DSC showed two glass transition temperatures which merged slightly towards each other, indicating marginal miscibility of these blends. There was a decrease in viscosity as the fraction of SMA copolymer was increased. The most significant decrease occurred with the initial addition of SMA copolymer. The viscosity also decreased with increases in temperature. The impact strength of the blends was also dependent on SMA copolymer content. The blends showed six to ten times lower impact strengths at room temperature than the 100 percent polycarbonate. SEM analysis helped to determine the reason why the impact strength was lower for the blends. High magnification showed the presence of SMA copolymer inclusions dispersed throughout the PC matrix. These inclusions, which increased in size as SMA copolymer content was increased, acted as defects in the system.     

PPES-DA改性BDM/DABPA共混体的研究

采用胺基封端的热塑性树脂(PPES-DA)增韧N,N′-(4,4′-二苯甲烷)双马来酰亚胺(BDM)/3,3′-二烯丙基-4,4-二苯丙烷(DABPA)共混体系,通过示差扫描量热(DSC)研究了共混体系的固化动力学,确定了共混体系的动力学参数,建立了固化度-固化时间关系曲线。考察PPES-DA含量对固化反应的影响,固化度、固化温度、固化时间3者对固化工艺的影响。采用热失重分析仪(TGA)和冲击试验研究了体系的耐热性和力学性能。结果表明,PPES-DA未改变体系的固化机理。后固化温度比固化时间对固化反应的影响更大。PPES-DA对体系耐热性影响不大,而随着PPES-DA含量的增加,体系的冲击强度增大,当质量分数为20%时,冲击强度提高60%,是较理想的增韧剂。     

聚酯增韧环氧树脂的耐热性研究

将聚酯与环氧树脂/酸酐固化剂共混,制取了聚酯/环氧树脂合金,通过扫描电镜、力学性能测试及DSC、DMA等研究了聚酯用量对改性环氧树脂体系和微观相结构、冲击强度和热性能的影响。结果表明,随着聚酯用量增加,聚酯改性环氧树脂体系的冲击强度急剧增加,玻璃化温度、介质损耗峰值温度和热变形温度均呈下降规律,耐热性能下降程度不显著,初始变形温度呈急剧下降趋势。