青光眼巩膜瓣下蓄水池样小梁切除术的临床研究

目的评价巩膜瓣下蓄水池样小梁切除术治疗青光眼的效果。方法回顾54例（64眼）青光眼的治疗情况。观察组26例（32眼）采用巩膜瓣下蓄水池样小梁切除术;对照组28例（32眼）采用传统小梁切除术。术后随访6个月,观察比较两组术后眼压、滤过泡及并发症情况。结果术后6个月观察组平均眼压为（16.2±4.2）mmHg,对照组平均眼压为（19.8±6.2）mmHg,（P〈0.01）,观察组功能性滤过泡形成率明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,并发症发生率低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论巩膜瓣下蓄水池样小梁切除术降压效果、安全性均优于传统小梁切除术,并发症少,是一种较好的抗青光眼手术方式。     

正常羊眼小梁切除联合滤道成形术的研究

目的探讨用甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）材料制成的巩膜瓣支架植入巩膜瓣下的滤道成形术效果。方法选择正常小尾寒羊32只,采用随机数字表法分为实验组或对照组。实验组行巩膜瓣下支架植入术,对照组行单纯小梁切除术。术前和术后连续1年观察其眼压和眼前节变化、超声活体显微镜（UBM）、光镜、电镜检测情况。结果实验组眼压下降幅度明显大于对照组,术后4周对照组眼压基本恢复至原水平,实验组至少延期至术后3个月回复至原眼压水平。UBM检测滤过泡形态：术后1周、1个月,实验组可见植入支架的强回声和大“液间腔”;术后3个月,滤过泡仍较膨松;术后4周,对照组滤过泡低平,滤过道即已闭塞。组织病理学检查结果：术后4周,对照组滤过道已纤维化;实验组术后滤过道延期愈合,3个月时,支架与周围组织仍有间隙;6个月时,此间隙消失,支架与周围组织全部愈合,显示组织相容性好,无排斥现象。病理检查结果与UBM检测结果完全一致。术后1年,实验组未见明显毒、副作用。结论采用PMMA材料制成的巩膜瓣支架植入巩膜瓣下的滤道成形术效果安全、有效,较传统小梁切除术的降眼压效果显著而持久。     

两种巩膜瓣在小梁切除术中的疗效研究

目的：评价青光眼小梁切除术中不同形状巩膜瓣的临床疗效。

方法：青光眼患者115例122眼随机分为2组：治疗组55例60眼,术中巩膜瓣采用L形单针缝合法,对照组60例62眼,术中巩膜瓣采用矩形两针缝合法。术后观察眼压、前房深度、滤过泡形态等,随访6～36mo。

结果：术后眼压情况：直至术后1mo,治疗组与对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),到术后3,6mo两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后前房情况：术后2wk之前,对照组的前房形成情况要好于治疗组,然其差别无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后滤过泡情况：术后6mo滤过泡形成情况治疗组好于对照组(P<0.01)。

结论：L形巩膜瓣单针缝合法术后虽可出现短时的浅前房,但在控制眼压及滤过泡形成方面较传统两针缝合法有明显的优势。     

Tissue bioengineering for surgical bleb defects: an animal study

Background To assess the effectiveness of OloGen (also named iGen), a porous, bioengineered, biodegradable, collagen-glycoaminoglycan matrix implant, in preventing poor bleb formation and early failure after trabeculectomy in eyes with a surgical wound defect. Methods The right eyes of 30 female New Zealand albino rabbits underwent trabeculectomy with OloGen implanted subconjunctivally on top of the scleral flap, while six right eyes received trabeculectomy without the implant to serve as a control group. A 1–2 mm diameter circular conjunctival defect was created in all eyes. Six rabbits in the group receiving the implant were sacrificed on days 3, 5, 7, 21, and 28. Rabbits in the control group were sacrificed on day 28. Perkins applanation tonometry, Seidel test and measurement of both the extent of the conjunctival defect and the anterior chamber depth were performed. Enucleated eyes were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for general histological observation, and with Sirius and Fast-green stains to assess collagen deposition and cell migration. Results Seidel tests were negative for all operated and control eyes. No flat anterior chamber occurred in either group. With the exception of days 5 and 7, post-operative mean IOP difference is significant in both groups, (P > 0.05 for day 5, 7 and P < 0.05 for day 3, 14, 21 and 28). In the implant group, the mean IOP was reduced by between 42% and 35% at days 14, 21, and 28, whereas the mean IOP in the control group was reduced by between only 12% and 2%. In the implant group, histology showed randomized collagen deposition and microcyst formation in the bleb after the matrix had degraded completely at day 28. In the control group, histology showed dense collagen deposition subconjunctivally at day 28. Conclusions OloGen successfully serves as a 3-dimensional scaffold for cell migration and proliferation, and can prevent failure by maintaining the size of the bleb in the presence of a large wound defect. It might also be successful at repairing postoperative bleb leaks. Financial interest: Life Spring Biotech Co. Ltd has no financial relationship with any authors. All authors have full control of all primary data, and agree to allow Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology to review their data if requested.     

曲安奈德/聚乳酸己内酯载药静电纺丝膜的抗兔眼滤过泡瘢痕化作用

背景 青光眼滤过术后滤过道的瘢痕形成是手术失败的主要原因,近年来多采用小梁切除术中局部使用抗瘢痕形成药物的方法来保持滤过道的开放,但药物可引起并发症.研究证实,聚乳酸己内酯(PLCA)材料制作的静电纺丝膜可作为负药载体以达到药物缓释的目的,但其在青光眼滤过术中的作用尚未证实. 目的 探讨小梁切除术联合巩膜层间填充负载曲安奈德(TA)静电纺丝膜在兔眼穿透性小梁切除术中抗瘢痕化的作用及可行性.方法 利用静电纺丝技术制备TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜,扫描电子显微镜下检测其表面超微结构,采用高效液相色谱仪检测体外药物缓释性能.采用前房注射卡波姆法制备单眼青光眼动物模型,将造模成功的40只新西兰白兔均行穿透性小梁切除术并采用随机数字表法分为5个组,每组8只眼.TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜组、PLCA静电纺丝膜组和羊膜组在术中于巩膜瓣下分别植入TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜、PLCA静电纺丝膜或羊膜.TA组术眼术毕在结膜下注射40 mg/ml TA溶液而术中不植入任何植片,单纯小梁切除术组仅行小梁切除术.分别于术后1、2、4、8和12周测量术眼眼压,并采用裂隙灯显微镜观察滤过泡的形态变化;于术后12周制备术眼滤过泡组织切片,采用苏木精-伊红染色法检查各组术眼滤过泡的组织病理学变化.结果 制备的PLCA静电纺丝纤维直径为0.5 ～1.5 μm,呈空间立体网状结构,而TA/PLCA静电纺丝膜结构与PLCA静电纺丝膜相近,可体外缓释药物14d.单纯小梁切除组术眼滤过泡于术后8周前全部消失,术后12周TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜组8只眼均存在功能性滤过泡,PLCA静电纺丝膜组中维持功能性滤过泡者5只眼,羊膜组和TA组中分别为4只眼.术后12周各组术眼的眼压明显不同,TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜组术眼眼压最低,而单纯小梁切除术组术眼眼压最高,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P=0.000).组织病理学检查显示,术后12周TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜组术眼滤过道存在,滤过腔表面上皮化;PLCA静电纺丝膜组、羊膜组、TA组术眼滤过腔存在微小空隙,可见周围组织增生,而单纯小梁切除术组滤过腔消失,组织增生呈瘢痕化. 结论 TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜具有纳米级微观结构,体外药物缓释性能较好.小梁切除术中联合巩膜瓣下TA/PLCA载药静电纺丝膜植入可明显抑制手术区滤过腔瘢痕化,可能是TA抑制瘢痕作用与静电纺丝膜支架作用共同作用的结果.     

无巩膜缝线小梁切除术治疗青光眼的临床研究

目的:探讨无巩膜缝线小梁切除术治疗青光眼的临床效果。方法:选取2007-12/2010-06于我院治疗的各型青光眼45例57眼,随机分为两组,观察组24例29眼采用无巩膜缝线小梁切除术(联合滤过道及结膜下注入适量HealonGV),对照组21例28眼并与同期行常规小梁切除术。观察两组术后眼压、前房、滤过泡及并发症情况。结果:术后随访3～30mo,观察组眼压控制率和功能性滤过泡形成率均高于对照组(P<0.05),并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:无巩膜缝线小梁切除术(联合滤过道及结膜下注入适量Healon GV)是治疗青光眼的一种有效方法。     

虹膜色素颗粒对兔眼小梁切除术后滤过通道瘢痕化影响的实验研究

目的探讨虹膜色素上皮(iris pigment epithelium,IPE)层色素颗粒对兔眼小梁切除术后滤过通道瘢痕化过程及Tenon囊成纤维细胞增生的影响。设计实验研究。研究对象新西兰大白兔18只。方法单眼做小梁切除手术模型。实验组巩膜瓣下放置0.1 ml(100μg/ml)猪IPE层色素颗粒并保留,阳性对照组和阴性对照组分别放置0.4 mg/ml丝裂霉素C棉片和生理盐水棉片3分钟。术后观察眼压、滤过泡形态30天,并对滤过泡及其周边组织进行组织病理学检查。主要指标眼压、滤过泡形态、手术滤过区瘢痕化程度。结果实验组、阳性对照组、阴性对照组兔眼术前平均眼压分别为(24.78±1.40)、(24.11±1.18)、(24.00±1.53)mmHg(F=0.241,P=0.789)。术后30天平均眼压分别为(20.28±1.87)、(20.39±2.28)、(23.33±1.14)mmHg(F=22.500,P=0.000)。实验组与阳性对照组无显著差异(P=0.86),实验组与阳性对照组均低于阴性对照组(P均=0.000)。滤过泡平均存留时间分别为(28.17±1.72)、(27.00±2.37)、(10.67±1.97)天(F=138.592,P=0.000)。组织病理学检查示实验组和阳性对照组兔眼滤过区结构相似,胶原纤维和瘢痕组织相对较少,而阴性对照组胶原纤维和瘢痕组织明显增生。结论小样本量短期实验研究表明,IPE层色素颗粒可能阻止Tenon囊成纤维细胞增生过程,有助于延缓小梁切除术后滤过通道瘢痕化。     

改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口行复合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效

目的　探讨改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口行复合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法　采用病例对照研究方法对１１８例原发性闭角型青光眼患者进行分组。对照组５８例（７６眼）采用三角形巩膜瓣的复合小梁切除术;观察组６０例（７８眼）采用改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口的复合小梁切除术。记录两组患者的临床效果、术后是否浅前房、眼压情况、滤过泡形态等。结果　术后对照组浅前房发生率为１８．４２％,观察组浅前房发生率为１．２８％,两组差异有统计学意义（χ２＝１２．８６２,Ｐ＝０．０００）。术后１周和６个月,对照组患者眼压分别为（１３．３２±４．４１）ｍｍＨｇ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）和（１４．６２±３．５０） ｍｍＨｇ,观察组患者眼压分别为（１３．２９±４．０８）ｍｍＨｇ和（１４．６７±３．７１）ｍｍＨｇ;眼压随时间推移有升高趋势;两组患者眼压比较,差异无统计学意义（Ｆ＝０．００３,Ｐ＝０．９５３）。术后１个月对照组功能性滤过泡占７８．９５％,观察组功能性滤过泡占９２．３１％,两组差异有统计学意义（χ２＝５．６１１,Ｐ＝０．０１８）。结论　采用改良的扇形巩膜瓣半隧道切口行复合小梁切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼,操作简便,浅前房发生少,术后降压效果及滤过泡形成好,手术成功率高。     

Fibrin glue as a suture substitute: histological evaluation of trabeculectomy in rabbit eyes

PURPOSE: To describe the outcome of the use of fibrin adhesive (Quixil) in penetrating trabeculectomy in a rabbit model. METHODS: Fibrin adhesive was used experimentally to attach the conjunctiva and the scleral flap in two groups of 17 New Zealand albino adult rabbits (34 eyes). In the first experiment (20 eyes), the fibrin adhesive was used to reattach the tissue after conjunctival peritomy and scleral flap only in 14 eyes (experiment I). In 6 eyes (controls), the conjunctiva was attached with nylon sutures. In the second experiment (14 eyes), the fibrin adhesive was used after conjunctival peritomy, scleral flap, and penetrating trabeculectomy in 8 eyes (experiment II). In a control group of 6 eyes, nylon sutures were used to attach the scleral flap and the conjunctiva after penetrating trabeculectomy. Biomicroscopy and histopathological examinations were performed on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 30. Intraocular pressure was measured before and after surgery in the second experiment. Main outcome measures are histological presence of adhesive in the tissue, degree of capillary congestion, inflammatory reaction, collagen density [scar formation] and clinical (IOP measurements before and after surgery, conjunctival chemosis, anterior chamber reaction, presence of filtering bleb and wound leakage). RESULTS: In experiments I and II, the adhesive was well identified histologically in the tissue as an amorphic eosinophilic substance for up to day 3 and nearly disappeared by day 7. An acute inflammatory reaction was noted for up to 14 days, which converted to chronic inflammation with collagen deposits and scar formation by day 30. Similar inflammatory reaction was observed in the control group. The adhesive had no adverse effects on ocular tissue compared with sutures. One eye in experiment II demonstrated wound dehiscence. Intraocular pressure dropped from 17.35 mmHg preoperatively to 8.28 mmHg on postoperative day 1 in experiment II, and from 17.2 mmHg to 11.5 mmHg in the controls. No significant change in intraocular pressure was noted in experiment I. CONCLUSIONS: The fibrin adhesive had no adverse effects on ocular tissue compared with sutures. It might serve as an effective substitute for conjunctival and scleral wound closure in trabeculectomy surgery.     

难治性青光眼小梁切除术中应用生物羊膜与丝裂霉素C的对比研究

目的:探讨生物羊膜与MMC应用于青光眼小梁切除术中治疗难治性青光眼的临床疗效。方法:采用随机对照的方法,将临床收治的40例(57眼)难治性青光眼患者分为羊膜组32眼和丝裂霉素组25眼,前者施行小梁切除术联合巩膜瓣下生物羊膜植入术,后者在术中一次性应用MMC,浓度为0.2～0.4g/L,时间2～4min,随访1a,比较两种手术方式的临床疗效。结果:术后与术前相比:两组眼压均明显降低(P值均<0.01);术后1～2wk内MMC组视力下降者占45%,而羊膜组视力下降者仅占10%,两组间差异有显著性(P<0.05)。术后并发症:羊膜组眼部的副作用小,引起的并发症主要有术后浅前房;MMC引起的眼部并发症主要有薄壁滤过泡、滤过泡渗漏、低眼压性脉络膜脱离。结论:生物羊膜应用于难治性青光眼小梁切除术可有效地防止滤过泡的瘢痕组织形成,且并发症较应用MMC少,是治疗难治性青光眼安全、有效的手术方法。     

紫杉醇在小梁切除术中的应用及其抗增生作用的研究

背景青光眼滤过手术是控制高眼压的主要方法,而滤过泡的纤维增生是手术失败的主要原因。寻找安全、有效的抗瘢痕药物是抗青光眼研究的主要目标之一。目的探讨紫杉醇在小粱切除术中的应用,评价紫杉醇对结膜下滤过泡的抗增生作用。方法32只家兔双眼行标准小梁切除术,随机分为生理盐水组、0．3g／L丝裂霉素C（MMC）组、0．2g／L紫杉醇组及0．3g／L紫杉醇组,每组8只兔16只眼。滤过手术术中巩膜瓣下分别用生理盐水、MMC、0．2g／L紫杉醇及0．3g／L紫杉醇浸泡3min。术后4、7、14、28d用Schlitz眼压计测量眼压、裂隙灯下观察滤过泡情况,并分别在上述各时间点处死2只兔,摘除动物眼球,取5mmx5mm滤过道处组织行苏木精一伊红染色、Massoni色染色比较各组滤过道开放情况、炎性细胞数量和新生胶原纤维的增生情况。结果手术前及手术后第4天,4个组兔眼压的总体比较差异均无统计学意义（F=0．54,P=0．83;F=0．57,P=0．87）。术后第7、14、28天,MMC组、0．2g／L紫杉醇组及0．3g／L紫杉醇组眼压明显低于生理盐水组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;0．3g／L紫杉醇组眼压值均低于其他3组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术后第4天,4个组兔手术眼均为功能型滤过泡,术后第7、14、28天,MMC组、0．2g／L紫杉醇组功能型滤过泡的眼数均明显多于生理盐水组,但少于0．3g／L紫杉醇组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。苏木精一伊红染色表明,术后生理盐水组滤过道炎性细胞数量明显多于其他3组,0．3g／L紫杉醇组炎性细胞浸润最少。Masson染色显示,0．3g/L紫杉醇组新生胶原纤维增生情况明显少于其他3组。结论小梁切除术中局部应用紫杉醇能抑制炎性细胞、胶原纤维的增生,有助于功能型滤过泡的形成,可有效降低眼压。     

黏弹剂在复合小梁切除术中应用的临床观察

目的:探讨黏弹剂在复合小梁切除术中的应用。方法:病例对照研究。选择原发性青光眼需接受复合小梁切除术的患者56眼,随机数字法分为两组,每组28眼,观察组术中均使用黏弹剂,对照组均未在术中使用黏弹剂。观察两组患者术后前房、滤过泡、眼压、角膜内皮的变化并作对比。结果:观察组术后早期均能较好的形成前房,术后3mo观察组的滤过泡更为弥散隆起,功能型滤过泡(96%),对照组滤过泡相对扁平,功能型滤过泡(93%);术后早期观察组眼压较对照组稍偏高,术后3mo观察组眼压较对照组更低一些;两组术前术后角膜内皮细胞情况无统计学差异。结论:在复合小梁切除术中使用黏弹剂可使术后早期前房更稳定,并能支撑滤过道顺利渡过早期的瘢痕化期,从而提高手术的成功率。     

An ultrasound biomicroscopic study of eyes after non-penetrating trabeculectomy

PURPOSES: We studied the control of intraocular pressure(IOP) by various types of blebs after non-penetrating trabeculectomy(NPT) and the difference between bleb formation after penetrating trabeculectomy(PT) and that after NPT. METHODS: The filtering blebs of 45 yeys from 40 patients after NPT were studied using ultrasound biomicroscopy. They were grouped into four types, and the space under the scleral flap was classified into three types. The filtering blebs and the space under the scleral flap were correlated with IOP level. RESULTS: Overall, 40% of the blebs were L(low-reflective) type, 16% H(high-reflective) type, 16% E (encapsulated) type, and 29% F(flattened) type, but in good IOP control cases 59% of the blebs were L type, 14% H type, 14% E type, and 14% F type. L type blebs were found in 94% of eyes with good IOP control. CONCLUSION: Though filtering blebs of the L type could produce sufficient IOP reduction, blebs after NPT showed a greater tendency to become flattened than after PT. Additional systematic therapy must be designed to maintain the L type of filtering blebs after NPT.     

青光眼小梁切除术中应用生物羊膜与丝裂霉素治疗的观察

目的观察生物羊膜与丝裂霉素C(MMC),应用于青光眼小梁切除术中治疗青光眼的临床疗效。方法随机选择39例(48只眼),分为羊膜组(22只眼)和丝裂霉素组(26只眼)。羊膜组施行小梁切除术联合巩膜瓣下生物羊膜植入术,丝裂霉素组施行小梁切除术联合巩膜瓣下放置丝裂霉素C,浓度为0.25 mg/ml,时间2分钟,术后随访3-9月,比较两种手术方式的临床疗效。结果术后与术前相比:两组眼压均明显降低。术后并发症:羊膜组副反应小,引起的并发症主要有术后浅前房;丝裂霉素组引起的并发症主要有滤过泡渗漏、低眼压等。结论小梁切除联合生物羊膜植入术可有效地减少瘢痕组织形成,且并发症较丝裂霉素少,是治疗青光眼安全、有效的手术方法。     

Comparison of trabeculectomy with Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma device implanted under scleral flap

PURPOSE: To evaluate the Ex-PRESS miniature implant (Model R 50) placed under partial-thickness scleral flap compared with standard trabeculectomy. METHODS: In this retrospective comparative series of 100 eyes, we compared 50 eyes in 49 patients treated with the Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma implant under a scleral flap with 50 matched control eyes in 47 patients treated with trabeculectomy. Success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) > or =5 mm Hg and < or =21 mm Hg, with or without glaucoma medications, without further glaucoma surgery or removal of implant. Early postoperative hypotony was defined as IOP <5 mm Hg during the first postoperative week. RESULTS: The average follow-up was 10.8 months (range 3.5 to 18) for the Ex-PRESS group and 11.2 months (range 3 to 15) for the trabeculectomy group. Although the mean IOP was significantly higher in the early postoperative period in the Ex-PRESS group compared with the trabeculectomy group, the reduction of IOP was similar in both groups after 3 months. The number of postoperative glaucoma medications in both groups was not significantly different. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed no significant difference in success between the 2 groups (P=0.594). Early postoperative hypotony and choroidal effusion were significantly more frequent after trabeculectomy compared with Ex-PRESS implant under scleral flap (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Ex-PRESS implant under a scleral flap had similar IOP-lowering efficacy with a lower rate of early hypotony compared with trabeculectomy.     

巩膜瓣下Ex-press引流器植入治疗外伤性青光眼的临床疗效

目的：观察巩膜瓣下 Ex-press 青光眼引流器植入治疗外伤性青光眼的临床疗效。
　　方法：对2012-12/2013-05我院眼科19例19眼外伤性青光眼患者施行巩膜瓣下 Ex-press 青光眼引流器植入手术,观察记录术后视力、前房、眼压、滤过泡及其它并发症的情况。
　　结果：Ex-press 青光眼引流器均成功植入。术后第1d 有2眼发生暂时性浅前房,3眼少量前房出血。术后3mo 矫正视力提高9眼(47%),18眼(95%)为功能性滤过泡,平均眼压为12.1依6.1mmHg。术后6mo 矫正视力提高11眼(58%),18眼(95%)为功能性滤过泡,平均眼压为13.3依6.9mmHg。与术前平均眼压(29.8依6.7mmHg)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
　　结论：巩膜瓣下 Ex-press 青光眼引流器植入治疗外伤性青光眼,术后视力改善、目标眼压稳定,并发症少,安全性高。     

Seprafilm as a new antifibrotic agent following trabeculectomy in rabbit eyes

Purpose  To investigate the efficacy of Seprafilm (Genzyme, Framingham, MA, USA) in preventing postoperative adhesion between the conjunctiva and sclera after glaucoma filtering surgery. Methods  A subconjunctival pocket was created and Seprafilm was inserted into the pocket in nine rabbits (Seprafilm group), whereas in a second group, a subconjunctival pocket was created in nine rabbits but no Seprafilm was inserted (non-Seprafilm group). The postoperative adhesion force was measured 4 weeks after surgery. For the trabeculectomy study, trabeculectomy was performed and Seprafilm placed on the scleral flap in five rabbits (Seprafilm trabeculectomy group), whereas in a second group, trabeculectomy was performed in five rabbits but no Seprafilm was placed (non-Seprafilm trabeculectomy group). Filtering bleb formation and intraocular pressure (IOP) was evaluated on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 following surgery. The eyes were enucleated for histologic evaluation 4 weeks after surgery. Results  The mean adhesive force between the conjunctiva and sclera in the Seprafilm group (125.6 ± 94.5 mmHg) was lower than that of the non-Seprafilm group (263.3 ± 79.3 mmHg) (P = 0.0041, unpaired t test). A more prominent bleb was observed in the Seprafilm trabeculectomy group than in the non-Seprafilm trabeculectomy group. Histologically, the subconjunctival space was larger in the Seprafilm trabeculectomy group than in the non-Seprafilm trabeculectomy group. Mean IOP was significantly lower in the Seprafilm trabeculectomy group (9.9 ± 0.6 mmHg) than in the non-Seprafilm trabeculectomy group (11.9 ± 0.7 mmHg) 4 weeks after surgery (P = 0.0044, unpaired t test). Conclusions  Seprafilm can reduce postoperative conjunctiva-sclera adhesion and may be a desirable antifibrotic agent for trabeculectomy in the early stages of wound repair.     

Relationship between formation of a filtering bleb and an intrascleral aqueous drainage route after trabeculectomy: evaluation using ultrasound biomicroscopy

We evaluated the relationship between the development of filtering bleb and the thickness of the aqueous drainage route beneath the scleral flap in patients who had undergone trabeculectomy. The relationship between the postoperative intraocular pressure and the size of the filtering bleb was also studied. We studied 29 eyes of 21 patients who had been followed for at least 1 (mean 9.9) month after the trabeculectomy. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was used to examine the filtering bleb and aqueous drainage route beneath the scleral flap. The thickness of the aqueous drainage route beneath the center of the scleral flap was found to be correlated with the development of a filtering bleb (r = 0.391, p < 0.05). The size of the bleb was correlated with the intraocular pressure (r = -0.560, p < 0.05) which had not been treated with antiglaucoma medication during follow-up. Thus, preservation of the aqueous drainage route beneath the scleral flap probably influenced the development of a filtering bleb following trabeculectomy.     

结膜瓣下水囊的形成在复合式小梁切除术中的应用

目的:探讨复合式小梁切除术中结膜瓣下水囊的形成对预测和控制术后滤过量及减少并发症的疗效。方法:186例200眼原发性青光眼随机分为观察组与对照组。观察组行结膜瓣下水囊的形成结合复合式小梁切除术(即可拆缝线、丝裂霉素C和小梁切除术),对照组行复合式小梁切除术。同期进行疗效观察对比。指标包括视力、眼压、滤过泡、前房深度及并发症,随访12mo。结果:术后早期,观察组浅前房、滤过泡渗漏及并发症的发生率明显低于对照组,术后远期,观察组眼压明显低于对照组,视力下降及非功能性滤过的发生率也明显低于对照组。结论:结膜瓣下水囊的形成可有效控制眼压,减少术后滤过泡渗漏、浅前房、恶性青光眼等并发症发生。     

兔眼高眼压模型行CO_2激光滤过术的研究

目的探讨应用CO2激光对兔眼高眼压模型行滤过性手术的可行性和有效性。方法日本大耳白兔20只40只眼后房注入1000U/mL（商品单位）α-糜蛋白酶0.15～0.20mL提高眼压至25mmHg或眼压增幅达8mmHg制备高眼压模型。造模成功后,右眼应用超脉冲CO2激光行巩膜瓣下巩膜床扫射及小梁切除术为激光组;左眼行传统小梁切除术为手术组。激光扫射参数：功率1～2W,脉宽0.1ms,频率100Hz。小梁及虹膜根部切除孔（直径800μm）的激光参数为：功率4～5W,脉宽0.8ms,频率100Hz。比较2组兔眼术后不同时间的前房反应、滤过泡情况、眼压、组织病理学变化。结果激光组术后前房反应轻微,手术组较重。术后3d时激光组功能性滤过泡为20眼,手术组19眼;术后30d时手术组功能性滤过泡比例下降明显,2组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2组术后眼压均逐渐升高,手术组较激光组眼压升高较早,术后第14、30、60天2组眼压差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。组织病理学显示,2组早期滤过道均通畅,但手术组出血和炎性渗出明显,激光组较手术组增生反应出现晚,且程度轻。结论应用超脉冲CO2激光在兔高眼压模型眼进行小梁切除术安全可行,降眼压效果稳定持久。