煤油体系中采用D2EHPA,EHEHPA,CYANEX 272从硫酸介质中萃取钒（IV）的机理及热力学（英文）

采用有机磷类萃取剂—D2EHPA,EHEHPA和CYANEX 272在煤油体系中从硫酸介质中萃取钒（IV）。考察溶液pH值、萃取剂浓度、钒离子浓度、温度对钒萃取性能的影响,并确定萃合物的组成。结果表明：随着水相pH值、萃取剂浓度和温度的升高,钒（IV）的分配比增大。D2EHPA可以在更低的pH值下萃取钒（IV）,表明其对钒的萃取能力大于EHEHPA和CYANEX 272。萃取机理研究结果表明：3种有机磷类萃取剂对钒的萃取均符合离子交换机理,在低pH值条件下萃合物组成为VOR2（HR）2,在高pH值下萃合物组成为VOR2（R表示萃取剂）。     

Separation of nickel, cobalt and copper by solvent extraction with P204

Separation of nickel, cobalt and copper by solvent extraction with P204@钱东 @王开毅 @潘春跃 @唐有根 @蔡春林 @蒋金枝~~Project ( 99JJY2 0 0 10 )supportedbytheNaturalScienceFoundationofHunanProvince     

Priority recovery of lithium and effective leaching of nickel and cobalt from spent lithium-ion battery

The cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were recovered via reductive roasting, Na₂CO₃ leaching, and ammonia leaching. The effects of roasting parameters, Na₂CO₃ leaching parameters, and ammonia leaching parameters on the leaching efficiencies of metals were explored. The results show that the mineral phase of spent LIBs is reconstructed during reductive roasting, and more than 99% of Li can be preferentially leached via Na₂CO₃ leaching. Ni (99.7%) and Co (99.9%) can be leached via one-step ammonia leaching, and Mn cannot be leached. Thus, good leaching selectivity is achieved. The kinetic study shows that the leaching of Ni and Co conforms to chemical reaction control.     

在表面活性剂存在下铬铁矿表土中镍的微生物萃取(英文)

加入表面活性剂吐温20,用Aspergillus niger对预处理过的印度Sukinda铬铁矿表土在摇瓶中生物浸取镍。考察添加表面活性剂吐温20对黑曲霉菌Aspergillus niger生长及浸镍效果的影响。结果表明,添加低浓度的表面活性剂吐温20对黑曲霉菌从预处理过的铬铁矿表土中提取镍是有利的。通常,Aspergillus niger利用培养基中的碳源来进行细胞代谢,产生有机代谢物,从而生物浸出矿。添加表面活性剂吐温20加速了黑曲霉菌对碳源的消耗,从而改善了镍浸出效果。在预处理矿浆浓度为2%和温度为30°C的条件下,添加表面活性剂吐温20的镍浸取率能达到39%,没有表面活性剂的镍浸取率只有24%。     

从含Cu,Ni,Fe和Zn离子的Sarcheshmeh铜矿合成及工业溶液中萃取和反萃Cu和Ni（英文）

以D2EHPA、LIX 984、Cyanex 302、Chemorex CP 150和Acorga 5774为萃取剂,煤油为稀释剂,对取自Sarcheshmeh铜矿含Cu(770mg/L)、Ni(3200mg/L)、Fe(800mg/L)和Zn(200mg/L)的合成及工业溶液中Cu和Ni的萃取与反萃进行全面研究。萃取阶段考虑的影响因素有混合速度和时间、萃取剂浓度、p H和温度。此外,采用不同浓度的各种无机和有机酸(硫酸、盐酸、硝酸和柠檬酸)对Cu和Ni进行反萃。结果表明,在时间为3 min、混合速度为500 r/min、温度为28℃以及A/O比为1:1的条件下,Cu和Ni的萃取率最高。此外,用10%(v/v) LIX984可有效萃取Cu,而用30%(v/v) Cyanex 302可有效萃取Ni。萃取Cu和Ni的最佳p H分别为2～3和4～5。从含Ni、Cu、Zn和Fe离子的合成及工业溶液中可选择性萃取Cu和Ni,其萃取率分别为85%、93%和77%、82%。最佳条件实验结果表明,合成及工业溶液中Ni的反萃率达96%,Cu的反萃率为93%。最后,分别用D2EHPA、LIX 984和Cy...     

Recovery of iron from waste ferrous sulphate by co-precipitation and magnetic separation

Magnetite concentrate was recovered from ferrous sulphate by co-precipitation and magnetic separation. In co-precipitation process, the effects of reaction conditions on iron recovery were studied, and the optimal reaction parameters are proposed as follows: n(CaO)/n(Fe²⁺) 1.4:1, reaction temperature 80 °C, ferrous ion concentration 0.4 mol/L, and the final mole ratio of Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ in the reaction solution 1.9–2.1. In magnetic separation process, the effects of milling time and magnetic induction intensity on iron recovery were investigated. Wet milling played an important part in breaking the encapsulated magnetic phases. The results showed that the mixed product was wet-milled for 20 min before magnetic separation, the grade and recovery rate of iron in magnetite concentrate were increased from 51.41% and 84.15% to 62.05% and 85.35%, respectively.     

Extraction studies of cobalt （ Ⅱ ） and nickel （ Ⅱ ） from chloride solution using PC88A

1 Introduction Since the first commercial process using di-2-ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) was developed by RITCEY et al[1], the organophosphorus extractants have been proved to be primary solvents for separation cobalt from nickel in acidic media…     

Electrodeposition of Cu from acidic sulphate solutions in presence of Bis-(3-sulphopropyl)-disulphide (SPS)

Abstract

This paper deals with the behaviour of bis-(3-sulphopropyl)-disulphide Na salt (SPS) during Cu electrodeposition from an acidic sulphate solution. This investigation was carried out by cyclic voltammetry and in situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry. Parameters describing nucleation, charge transfer kinetics, mass transport effects and anodic stripping behaviour were derived by quantitative analysis of the cyclic voltammograms. SPS effects have been found on nucleation rate, exchange current density and cathodic Tafel slopes. Voltammetry highlighted the cathodic reactivity of SPS. In situ surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy spectra can be measured only at low cathodic polarisations and for limited electrodeposition times. In situ solution Raman spectroscopy was carried out separately on the catholyte, anolyte and undivided cell. Progressive decrease in the S–S vibration could be followed both in the catholyte and in the anolyte. Cathodic formation and further reaction of thiol and the formation of Cu containing complexes in the undivided cell was assessed.     

Extraction of cobalt from laterite ores by citric acid in presence of ammonium bifluoride

Citric acid was used to selectively extract cobalt from limonite-type laterite ores in the presence of ammonium bifluoride. The results show that ammonium bifluoride enhances the leaching of cobalt by citric acid, and 84.5% cobalt is extracted from a laterite ore containing 0.13% Co when leached at ambient temperature for 2 h with 30 g/L citric acid and 10 g/L ammonium bifluoride. Pyrolusite is reduced by citric acid during leaching, cobalt intergrown with which is liberated and subsequently chelated by the citric acid. The extraction of cobalt is enhanced in the presence of ammonium bifluoride because the matrix of silicate minerals is destroyed by ammonium bifluoride and the adsorbed cobalt is subsequently liberated.     

利用液态锌从镍基高温合金中一步选择性提取镍

采用熔融锌处理镍基高温合金并选择性地提取镍.研究加热温度、加热时间、锌与高温合金的质量比等因素对高温合金中金属提取率的影响.在加热温度为850℃,加热时间为4 h,锌/高温合金的质量比为10:1的最优条件下,镍的提取率为95.2％,铁的提取率为55.4％,铬的提取率为30.4％,而难熔金属(钛、钼、铌)的提取率较低.在...     

红土镍矿深度还原-磁选工艺富集镍和铁（英文）

提出采用"深度还原-磁选"工艺从红土镍矿中富集镍和铁。结果表明,在还原温度1275℃、还原时间50 min、渣相碱度1.0、配碳系数2.5和磁场强度72 kA/m的条件下,可得到镍品位为6.96%、回收率为94.06%和铁品位为34.74%、回收率为80.44%的镍铁精矿产品。分析表明,还原温度和时间影响深度还原发生的可能性及反应进度,渣相碱度影响炉料中渣的组成及镍铁元素从基体中溢出富集形成镍铁颗粒的速度,深度还原反应过程中镍铁颗粒生成、聚集并逐渐长大,经磁选后可有效促进镍铁矿物与脉石矿物分离。     

Inhibitive action of the purine and adenine for copper corrosion in sulphate solutions

The influence of the concentration of the purine (PU) and adenine (AD) on the corrosion of copper in 0.5 M Na₂SO₄ solutions (pH 6.8) was studied. The investigations involved electrochemical polarization methods as well as electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) techniques. The inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in the concentration of PU and AD. Adherent layers of inhibitors were postulated to account for the protective effect. The adsorptions of inhibitors were found to occur on the surface of copper according to the Langmuir isotherm. The values of standard free energies of adsorption suggest the chemical adsorption of PU and AD on the copper surface.     

铂的萃取分离技术研究进展

溶剂萃取法分离提纯铂相比于传统的沉淀法具有工艺简单、高效、操作安全等优势,本文从胺类萃取剂、中性磷类萃取剂、离子液体萃取剂、新型萃取剂四个方面综述了近年来溶剂萃取分离铂的技术研究进展,并对各种溶剂萃取法存在的优缺点进行了评述。胺类萃取剂和中性磷类萃取剂萃取效率高,成本低,已成熟应用于铂的分离提纯,但选择性相对较差。离子液体的研究起步较晚,其选择性好但造价高昂,距离工业化应用还有很长的距离。随着对铂分离提纯技术的要求越来越高,进一步开发高效清洁的新型萃取剂、研究协同萃取体系、简化萃取流程以及改进萃取设备是未来铂萃取分离技术的发展方向。     

Selective separation of copper and cadmium from zinc solutions by low current density electrolysis

Copper and cadmium ions were selectively separated from zinc sulphate aqueous solution or zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution by low current density electrolysis.It was shown that the concentration of cadmium ion in zinc sulphate solution decreased from 4.56 g/L to 0.18 g/L in an electrolysis time of 8.5 h,whilst it decreased from 5.16 g/L to lower than 0.005 g/L in zinc ammonia/ammonium sulphate aqueous solution.On the other hand,the deposition rate of copper was so low that it was difficult to...     

硫酸镍铵复盐结晶法分离回收铜电解液中的镍（英文）

研究采用硫酸镍铵复盐结晶从铜电解液中分离回收镍的方法。研究发现,在相同温度的溶液中,硫酸铜的溶解度小于硫酸镍的溶解度,而硫酸铜铵的溶解度大于硫酸镍铵的溶解度。因此,加入(NH₄)₂SO₄可使铜电解液中的镍选择性结晶析出。按(NH₄)₂SO₄/NiSO₄摩尔比≤0.8加入(NH₄)₂SO₄,在-15℃冷冻结晶10 h,可使其中的镍以Ni(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂·6H₂O的形式结晶析出。将所得结晶物热解,再将热解产物加水溶解,最后将溶解液浓缩结晶得到合格的NiSO₄·6H₂O产品。复盐结晶法是一种清洁环保、经济高效的从铜电解液中分离回收镍的方法。