RTK技术在高速公路像片控制测量中的应用

通过RTK技术在诸永高速公路1∶2000像片控制测量中的应用,介绍了RTK测量在带状测区基准转换参数的求解方法及RTK测量成果的精度检验等情况。结果表明,RTK测量不仅能够满足1∶2000像片控制测量精度要求,而且可以大幅度提高作业效率,尤其在交通和通视困难地区更具明显优势。即使在山区和高山区,只要采取有效措施,RTK测量同样能取得比较高的精度。     

RTK技术在高速公路像片控制测量中的应用

通过RTK技术在诸永高速公路1:2000像片控制测量中的应用,介绍了RTK测量在带状测区基准转换参数的求解方法及RTK测量成果的精度检验等情况.结果表明,RTK测量不仅能够满足1:2000像片控制测量精度要求,而且可以大幅度提高作业效率,尤其在交通和通视困难地区更具明显优势.即使在山区和高山区,只要采取有效措施,RTK测量同样能取得比较高的精度.     

应用RTK进行地籍测量图根控制及精度分析

在济南市房地产开发建设用地清理整顿地籍测量中,采用RTK技术根据测区分布布设图根控制点进行测量,根据对RTK测量成果的检验结果与全站仪法获取的图根控制点精度比较研究,证实RTK测量精度完全能够满足地籍图根控制测量的要求。     

GPS RTK在工程测量中的应用

介绍了GPS RTK技术的基本特点,说明了GPS RTK作为一种高科技的三维测量工具在工程测量方面所具有的优越性及应用的广泛性。结合城市道路改造中的实践,阐述了该技术在工程测量中的基本应用步骤。为更好地利用GPS RTK技术,提高工程测量精度和作业效率提供参考。     

RTK在供水水文地质勘察测量中的应用

本文阐述了RTK在供水水文地质勘察测量项目中的可行性及具体应用方法,并着重阐述采取何种措施才能达到其所需精度。通过实际应用,证明用该方法能够获得满足供水水文地质精度要求的测量成果。应用RTK测量,可使工作效率提高十倍以上,大大降低了测量成本。     

RTK技术的特点及提高成果精度的技术关键

RTK误差分同测站有关误差和同距离有关误差，可采用有效校正方法和措施予以削弱。相比而言，采用双频RTK，足够多的观测卫星，较近的移动站至基准站距离和高质量RTK软件，其初始化的时间短，可靠性强。因测绘领域RTK采用超高频信号传输，应注意城区、山地、森林等对作业的影响。为保证RTK精度、速度和可靠性，要在作业前正确求解WGS-84坐标系转换为地方坐标系的坐标转换参数；要注意合理设置基准站和限制作业半径。此外，观测卫星的图形强度要高；要注意观测成果的复核；控制测量还宜采用多历元观测结果，并正确使用三角架固定移动站天线及远离强电磁干扰源和大面积信号反射物。     

RTK在公路测量中的精度分析

本文通过测量误差理论分析和RTK定位技术原理和特点的分析,从理论上研究建立应用RTK技术进行公路线路测量的技术方案,并对测量精度进行分析。     

GPSRTK技术在道路工程测量中的应用

一、GPS测量方法和RTK系统 （一）常规GPS的测量方法 常规GPS的测量方法如静态、快速静态、动态测量都需要事后进行解算才能获得厘米级的精度,而RTK技术是以载波相位测量与数据传输技术相结合的以载波相位测量为依据的实时差分GPS测量技术。是一种将GPS与数传技术相结合,实时解算进行数据处理,在1s～2s的时间里得到高精度位置信息的技术,是GPS应用的重大里程碑,它的出现为工程放样、地形测图,各种控制测量提高了外业作业效率,它是GPS测量技术发展的一个新突破,在道路工程中有广阔的应用前景。     

浅论RTK测量的质量控制

通过总结生产实践的经验,提出了RTK测量质量控制的基本内容以及影响质量的主要因素,分析了RTK质量控制的基本方法。在一定程度上可弥补现行国标、行标中对RTK测量质量控制方面的不足,对测绘生产有一定的指导意义。     

一种改善RTK测量精度的新方法

提出一种通过测量球面坐标,拟合球心间接求取测量点坐标的新方法。通过实例验证,RTK球心拟合测量点法的平面精度和GPS静态观测相比,误差不超过厘米级,可以避免对中杆倾斜引起的测量误差,而且在一定程度上提高了RTK平面观测精度。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Influence of livestock soil eutrophication on floral composition in the Pyrenees mountains

Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien     

General Table of Contents(Vol.11,2014)

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介绍GPS定位中的几个概念

文章概略介绍了利用卫星进行定位的原理 ;由卫星信号传播、信号接收和SA政策等引起的理论误差 ;给出了多种快速、高精度定位的工作模式和观测点选择的原则 ;列出了将WGS - 84坐标转换为我国坐标的公式及解算参数的具体方法 ,供读者在GPS工作中参考。