稀土在汽车用先进高强钢中的研究现状 |
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引用本文: | 钟灵强,汪志刚,陈荣春,袁强强,黄安康. 稀土在汽车用先进高强钢中的研究现状[J]. 有色金属科学与工程, 2020, 11(6): 114-123. DOI: 10.13264/j.cnki.ysjskx.2020.06.016 |
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作者姓名: | 钟灵强 汪志刚 陈荣春 袁强强 黄安康 |
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作者单位: | 江西理工大学材料冶金化学学部,江西 赣州 341000 |
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基金项目: | 国家自然科学基金;江西省重点研发计划项目 |
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摘 要: | 成分设计与优化是先进高强钢增强、增塑以及增韧的关键技术之一。随着钢质高纯化装备和技术的进步与发展,稀土元素在钢中的应用已由净化、夹杂物改性逐步向微合金化过渡。从第一代铁素体基软钢和高强低合金钢向第二代奥氏体基超高强钢,再到多相、亚稳和多尺度组织调控的第三代高强韧性钢,先进高强钢的微合金化技术一直是控制组织和性能的有效举措。稀土原子具备较大原子半径以及与O、S的高亲和力等优异特性,可从控制凝固与固态相变,影响碳元素与合金元素的扩散等多方面影响先进高强钢的组织结构,从而对其力学性能、成形性能以及耐腐蚀等服役性能产生显著影响。本文阐述了稀土元素分别在第一代、第二代和第三代典型先进高强钢中的作用机理,并展望了稀土元素在未来汽车钢中的应用前景。
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关 键 词: | 先进高强钢 稀土微合金化 稀土固溶 组织调控 性能优化 |
收稿时间: | 2020-06-18 |
Research status of rare earth in advanced high strength steel for automobile |
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Affiliation: | Faculty of Material Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China |
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Abstract: | Composition design and optimization is one of the key technologies for strengthening, plasticizing and toughening advanced high-strength steel. With the progress and development of high-purity steel equipment and technology, the application of rare earth elements in steel has gradually changed from purification and inclusion modification to micro-alloying. From the first generation ferrite-based mild steel and high-strength low- alloy steel to the second generation austenite- based ultra - high- strength steel, and then to the third generation high- strength and toughness steel with multiphase, metastable and multi- scale microstructure control, the microalloying technology of advanced high-strength steel has always been an effective measure to control the microstructure and properties. Rare earth atoms have great atomic radius and high affinity with O and S, which can influence the microstructure of advanced high-strength steel in many aspects, such as controlling solidification and solid phase transformation, affecting the diffusion of carbon and alloy elements, and thus have a significant impact on its mechanical properties, formability and corrosion resistance. In this paper, the action mechanism of rare earth elements in the first, second and third generation typical advanced high-strength steels is described, and the application prospect of rare earth elements in future automobile steels is prospected. |
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