| 人造目标散射结构的零极化辨识与应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴国庆,陈思伟,李永祯,王雪松. 人造目标散射结构的零极化辨识与应用[J]. 电波科学学报, 2022, 37(5): 733-742+760. DOI: 10.12265/j.cjors.2021217 |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴国庆 陈思伟 李永祯 王雪松 |
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| 作者单位： | 国防科技大学电子科学学院 CEMEE国家重点实验室, 长沙 410073 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(61771480)；湖南省杰出青年基金(2020JJ2034)；湖湘青年英才项目(2019RS2025) |
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| 摘 要： | 目标最优极化是雷达极化问题研究的重要理论基础.目标零极化又称共极化零点，是目标最优极化的重要组成部分.通过目标零极化可以推导出目标的其他最优极化状态，其广泛应用于目标极化匹配接收、目标对比增强等领域.文中从目标结构辨识角度首次揭示了零极化理论方法在人造目标散射结构辨识方面具有独特优势，并基于人造目标典型散射结构从理论上推导出典型散射结构的零极化矢量.将复极化比平面的极化表征方法与极化响应特征相结合，提出了零极化三维响应特征图可视化表征方法，揭示了典型散射结构的零极化差异，得到了零极化响应特征矢量.在此基础上提出了一种人造目标散射结构的零极化辨识方法，通过提取极化雷达图像中人造目标的强散射中心，将散射中心的零极化响应特征矢量与典型散射结构进行匹配，从而确定散射中心的散射结构类型，实现人造目标结构辨识.结合车辆和无人机等典型人造目标的电磁计算数据，开展了目标结构辨识对比实验.与Cameron分解方法相比，本文提出的零极化散射结构辨识方法能够准确识别出散射中心的散射结构类型.特别对结构对称型人造目标，本文方法识别结果呈现的对称性更准确，更符合目标实际的散射特性.
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| 关 键 词： | 零极化 目标最优极化 人造目标 散射结构辨识 三维响应特征图 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-13 |
Manmade targets scattering structure null-polarization recognition and application |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information System, College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China |
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| Abstract: | Target optimal polarization is the fundamental theory of radar polarization. Null-Pol(null-polarization), also called Co-Pol Null, is the important component of target optimal polarization, through which other optimal polarization states can be derived. The Null-Pol theory is widely applied in polarization reception match, contrast enhancement and so on. From the aspect of scattering structure recognition, this paper reveals the advantage of Null-Pol theory for the first time. Based on the Null-Pol theory, the Null-Pol vectors of canonical structures are derived theoretically. A visualization tool called Null-Pol 3D response patterns are constructed by combining the complex polarization ratio plane and polarization response characteristics, which can reveal the differences of canonical scattering structures. Then, the Null-Pol response characteristic vectors are derived. On this basis, the Null-Pol scattering structure recognition method of manmade targets is proposed. Firstly, the scattering centers are extracted from radar images. Then, the scattering types of scattering centers can be identified by matching the Null-Pol response characteristic vectors with canonical structures. Finally, the scattering structure of manmade targets can be recognized. Comparison experiments are performed on electromagnetic computation data of manmade targets such as vehicles and UAVs. Experimental results show that proposed Null-Pol scattering structure recognition method can accurately identify the scattering structure types of manmade targets. Especially, the results of symmetric targets have better performance than Cameron decomposition results, which are more consistent with the actual scattering structure types of targets. |
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