| 内科学教学中CBL和PBL教学法的联合运用 |
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| 引用本文： | 金国玺,高涌,毕娅欣,于磊,陈辉. 内科学教学中CBL和PBL教学法的联合运用[J]. 中华全科医学, 2016, 14(4): 672-675. DOI: 10.16766/j.cnki.issn.1674-4152.2016.04.051 |
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| 作者姓名： | 金国玺 高涌 毕娅欣 于磊 陈辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院内分泌科, 安徽 蚌埠 233004; |
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| 基金项目： | 2013年安徽振兴计划重大教改研究项目(2013-zdjy106) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 鉴于医学临床学科的难度较大、普通医学院校开展传统PBL教学方法在临床课程中教学效果不佳的现状，探讨联合CBL与PBL教学法的作用，探讨在普通医学院校中多种教学方法联合应用在提高教学效果中的作用以及如何使PBL教学更加符合教学大纲的要求。 方法 在整合临床学科理论教学的基础上新形式的PBL教学,以内科学教学为例，对传统PBL教学的案例、指导教师配置、教学环节设置、指导教师扮演角色等方面进行改革。采用临床指导老师精心选取的案例、指导教师选用具有丰富临床经验的高年资医生担任、教学中增加“基础知识复习”“基础知识巩固”环节等措施对PBL教学的效果进行加强并使PBL教学的过程和内容紧扣教学大纲和学习目标。 结果 CBL与PBL均是以学生为中心的学习方法，可以有效地激发学生的学习兴趣，促进小组合作，两者联合使用可以克服单纯PBL的讨论不能紧扣学习大纲、分散了学生对学习目标的注意力以及花费学生太多时间的不足。 结论 单纯的PBL教学面临诸多挑战，而CBL、PBL的联合有效地提高了学习的效率，在普通医学院校学生尤其是高年级学生学习临床课程时联合PBL、CBL等多种教学法更有助于改善学习效果，重要知识的复习和运用能力的锻炼，可以调高PBL教学的效率、提高PBL教学与教学大纲的吻合程度。
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| 关 键 词： | CBL PBL 医学教育 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-09-28 |
Combined application of Case-based learning and problem-based learning in internal medicine course |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective In view of the difficulty for students to learn the clinical courses and the unsatisfactory of problem-based learning(PBL) in clinical course in ordinary medical college,We studied the effect of combined application of case-based learning(CBL) and PBL in clinical medicine course,and probed how to make the PBL teaching more according with the requirement of the syllabus. Methods The new formal PBL was based on teaching of integrated curricula of clinical curriculum.Taking PBL of internal medicine as example,we improved the traditional PBL in some aspects which including selections of cases and tutors,teaching procedure and the role of tutors.We appointed the senior doctors as PBL tutors and the PBL cases were selected carefully by the tutors.We added' basic knowledge reviewing’and 'basic knowledge intensifying’ teaching steps to improve the effect of PBL and made the PBL teaching more according with the syllabus and learning target. Results Both CBL and PBL are learner-centered instructional approaches.They can enhance students’motivations and group performance.Compare with the simple PBL,the combined application of CBL and PBL is favorable toovercome some defects in simple PBL,such as it is not around closely the learning outlines,distracting the students from the learning objective,taking too much time and so on. Conclusion However,the implementation of simple PBL in clinical courses is facing many changes,the combination of CBL and PBL can improve the efficiency of PBL.Combining multiple teaching methods in clinical courses in medical students of ordinary medical college,especially in senior is more efficient.Both reviewing of important knowledge and exercising of applying ability are beneficial to improve the efficiency of PBL and the coherence between the processes of PBL and teaching target. |
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