青岛台站重力固体潮和海潮负荷特征研究

选取青岛台站2012-01~2013-02 gPhone重力仪连续观测资料进行预处理和调和分析，获得其重力潮汐参数，并选取8个全球海潮模型对O1、K1和M2潮波进行海潮负荷改正。结果表明：1）8个主要潮波调和分析的振幅因子标准差均在2.6%之内，与理论潮汐模型值的差异也在3.0%之内；2）利用海潮模型对O1、K1和M2潮波进行改正能有效地降低残差矢量，观测残差负荷改正的有效性大致分布在30%~75%，全球海潮模型对青岛台站主要潮波的海潮负荷改正差别不大。

Study of Earth’ s Gravity Tide and Oceanic Loading Characteristics at Qingdao Station

This study uses earth tide data recorded with the gPhone gravimeter from January 2012 to February 2013 at Qingdao station. The tidal gravity parameters reflecting the characteristics of the station are obtained based on harmonic analysis after preprocessing of the gravity data, the gravity data are analyzed for various tidal waves (O1, K1, M2) based on eight global ocean tide loading models. The results show that (1) the amplitude factor standard deviation of eight major tidal waves are within 2.6%, and the discrepancies between the amplitude factors and the theoretical values are also within 3.0%; (2) the residual vector can be effectively reduced by using the global ocean tide model to correct the major tidal waves (O1, K1, M2), the validity of the observed residual load correction is roughly distributed over 30%-75%, and the global ocean tide model has little difference in the ocean tide load correction for the main tidal waves at Qingdao station.