中华人民共和国人口电子地图集系统设计

“中华人民共和国人口电子地图集”是我国最新的第五次人口普查数据的集成,是以地图、文字、数字、图表等多种信息表达手段,全面反映了中国人口发展基本现状和趋势的科学参考图集。它可以实现对人口数据的输入/输出、分类、存储、查询、统计、制图、分析和管理,提供给决策者和研究者分析人口问题和制定人口政策的辅助工具。本文详细介绍了图集的系统总体设计、主要功能模块设计、内容组成等。在总体设计上,提出了以电子地图制作子系统、图集管理与集成子系统、图集浏览查询子系统和人口数据查询子系统为四大主要部分的系统结构,并进而对系统中的主要模块进行了介绍.如专题制图符号模型、数据库的目录树管理、电子地图集的管理与集成,通过这些模块,分析了系统的运行机制和流程;在图集内容上,在分析“五普”数据和我国人口实际国情的基础上,选取涉及十项主题(环境、人口分布、性别与年龄、人口变动、民族、家庭婚姻、生育、教育、就业、住房)近200幅地图组成图集的内容,反映我国人口的基本现状、动态变化、地域分布、结构构成等;最后,给出了使用不同制图符号建立的人口地图实例,可以直观地反映各项人口指标的区域差异和变化规律。

System Design and Construction of Digital Atlas of Population of China

The Population Atlas of China is a sound tool which has integrated the fifth census data of China in the forms of maps, documents, digits and graphs to illustrate the actual development level of the population nowadays in China. The digital atlas system, designed for the census data input/output, category, storage, query, statistics, mapping, analysis and management, provides the basic information and modern tool for the decision makers and researchers for analyzing population problems and making the long-term exploration policy. This paper discusses several key matters regarding the population visualization, including its system structure, the main functionality models and the atlas inventory, etc. First of all, a system structure composed of four modules of map maker component, atlas management component, atlas viewer component and census database querying component is summarized, and the key models of the system, such as cartographic symbols model, index tree management of census database model and atlas integration model are analyzed and designed based on the running mechanism and workflow of the system. Secondly, by the consideration of "the fifth census data" and the population problems in China, about 200 maps relating to 10 map categories (environment, population distribution, sex and age, immigration, nationality, family and marriage, birth, education, employment, housing) are created for the atlas, which can visually provide information about the real situations, variation, distribution, and constitution of population in China. Finally the paper discusses several cases of population maps made by variant types of cartographic symbols which are used directly to reflect the regional differences and the variations of population in China.