长江经济带城市高铁枢纽接驳—集疏运绩效空间分异及机理

作为长江经济带综合立体交通走廊建设的关键环节,交通枢纽是推动长江经济带发展的基础保障。高铁枢纽承载着“时空压缩最后一公里”效应,是构筑高效便捷的现代化综合交通体系的关键。首先诠释了高铁枢纽“时空压缩最后一公里”效应原理,其次构建高铁枢纽接驳—集疏运绩效指标体系,进而对长江经济带37个城市高铁枢纽的接驳—集疏运绩效进行测度,并分析绩效空间分异特征,最后揭示高铁枢纽接驳—集疏运绩效的影响机理。结果显示：① 长江经济带高铁枢纽接驳—集疏运绩效等级分异呈“橄榄型”结构,即优质绩效和一般绩效的高铁站数量较少,良好绩效和中等绩效的高铁站数量较多;② 地带分异呈“东高西低、北高南低”格局,而城市群分异则呈“核心高、边缘低”格局,且9个评价指标值空间差异明显;③ GDP、城镇化率、城市等级、车站客流量和发送班车次数是影响高铁枢纽接驳—集疏运绩效的关键驱动因子;同时,优质、良好、中等和一般等不同等级绩效的关键驱动因子存在显著差异。

Spatial differentiation and influence mechanism of the connection-distribution performance of urban high-speed railway hub in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

A transportation hub is the key link in the construction of the comprehensive three-dimensional transportation corridor of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), and it is the basic factor responsible for the promotion of this belt. A high-speed railway hub has the effect of "last kilometer of time-space compression" and is the key to building an efficient, convenient, modern, and comprehensive transportation system. Based on the principle of this effect, this study constructed a model for measuring the connection-distribution performance of the high-speed railway hub, determined the connection-distribution performance of the urban high-speed railway hub in the YREB, and analyzed its spatial differentiation characteristics, and further revealed the influencing mechanism of the connection-distribution performance of the high-speed railway hub. The main results are as follows: (1) the connection-distribution performance of the high-speed railway hub in the YREB presented an "olive type" grade structure with two small ends and a large middle section, that is, there are fewer high-speed railway stations with high performance and average performance, and there are more high-speed railway stations with good performance and medium performance. (2) The connection-distribution performance of the high-speed railway hub in this economic belt showed a regional differentiation pattern of "high in the east and low in the west" and "high in the north and low in the south", and showed an urban agglomeration differentiation pattern of "high in the core area and low in the marginal area". Moreover, spatial differences were prominent in the distribution of nine evaluation indexes of the connection-distribution performance of the high-speed railway hub. (3) GDP, urbanization rate, city level, station passenger flow and frequency of shuttle bus were key driving factors affecting the connection-distribution performance of the high-speed railway hub. At the same time, there were significant differences in the key driving factors for the connection-distribution performance grades of high-quality, good, medium and average levels.