基于夜间灯光数据的黄河流域经济发展空间特征与影响机制分析

黄河流域作为中国重要经济地带和生态屏障，在全国经济社会发展格局中具有重要地位。探索黄河流域经济发展的空间特征与影响因素，对区域协调高质量发展具有重要意义。基于2013—2018年的NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光数据，采用经济重心、标准差椭圆、空间自相关和地理加权回归方法，对黄河流域市域经济发展的空间特征以及影响因素进行分析。结果表明：（1）2013—2018年黄河流域市域经济发展水平呈现一定的倒金字塔形结构特征以及下游>中游>上游板块递减特征；（2）经济发展重心位于陕西延安市，演变轨迹总体上朝着东南方向移动。标准差椭圆长轴有所增加，短轴则有所减少，椭圆方向与黄河流向大致相同；（3）黄河流域市域经济发展整体上不具有空间依赖性与溢出效应，高高（HH）集聚区集中于银川、咸阳、东营等地，黄河上游大部分地区以及一些省际交界区长期处于低低（LL）集聚区，低高（LH）集聚区大都位于省会城市或省域次中心城市附近，相应省会城市除银川外均处于HL聚集区；（4）从内外部影响机制来看，城镇化、产业结构、科技水平、交通条件均对黄河流域经济发展发挥着积极作用，而自然地理条件则产生了明显的地理环境约束作用。

Spatial characteristics and impact mechanism of economic development indicated by night lighting data in the Yellow River Basin

As an important economic zone and ecological barrier in China， the Yellow River Basin plays an important role in the national economic and social development pattern. It is of great significance to explore the spatial mechanism and influencing factors of the economic development of the Yellow River Basin for its regional coordinated and high-quality development. Based on the NPP/VIIRS night lighting data of the Yellow River Basin from 2013 to 2018， this paper analyzes the spatial mechanism and influencing factors of the economic development of the Yellow River Basin by using the methods of economic center of gravity， standard deviation ellipse， spatial autocorrelation and geographically weighted regression. The results show that： （1） From 2013 to 2018， the economic development level of the Yellow River Basin presents the characteristics of inverted pyramid structure， and the descending characteristics of downstream > midstream > upstream. （2） The center of economic development is located in Yan'an City， Shaanxi Province， and the evolution track is moving towards the southeast. The major axis of the standard deviation ellipse increases， while the minor axis decreases. The direction of the ellipse is roughly the same as that of the Yellow River. （3） The urban economic development of the Yellow River Basin does not have spatial dependence and spillover effect on the whole. HH cluster area is mainly concentrated in Yinchuan， Xianyang， Dongying and other places. Most areas in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and some inter provincial border areas have been located in LL cluster area for a long time. LH cluster area is mostly located near provincial capital cities or provincial sub central cities， and the corresponding provincial capital cities are located in HL cluster area except Yinchuan. （4） From the perspective of internal and external influence mechanism， urbanization， industrial structure， scientific and technological development， and transportation development all play a positive role in the economic development of the Yellow River Basin， while the geographical conditions have an obvious constraint on the geographical environment.