察尔汗盐湖雅丹地貌区风况分析

输沙势（DP）是风沙地貌研究中使用的一个重要参数,但是在风蚀地貌,如雅丹地貌研究中,鲜有使用者。本文利用建立在察尔汗盐湖雅丹地貌区的自动气象观测仪所记录的风速数据,分析了雅丹地貌区的风速、风向及输沙势变化特征。结果表明:该区起沙风的月平均风速在6.2～7.4 m·s-1之间波动,月最大风速变化范围为9.9～15.0 m·s-1。起沙风主要发生于春、夏两季,发生频率分别为39.63%、31.45%。起沙风风向以WNW、W为主,分别占年起沙风的41.05%、20.02%。年DP为326 VU,年RDP为235 VU,为中风能环境。年净输沙方向为ESE。方向变率指数（RDP/DP）0.72,为中比率,对应风向变率也为中等,为钝双峰风况。雅丹体长轴走向与盛行风向基本一致,该区雅丹地貌的形成以风力作用为主。

Wind Regime of Yardang Landform Regions in the Qarhan Salt Lake

Sand drift potential (DP) is an important parameter in the dune geomorphology research, but in the study of wind erosion landforms, such as yardang landforms, there is few use. Based on the wind data collected from the automatic meteorological station installed at yardang landforms regions of the Qarhan Salt Lake, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of wind speed, wind direction and sand drift potential. The results indicated that the monthly mean speed of sand driving wind ranges in 6.2-7.4 m·s-1, and the monthly maximum wind speed varies in 9.9-15.0 m·s-1. The sand driving wind mainly occurs in the spring and summer, the frequencies are 39.63% and 31.45%, respectively. The direction of sand driving wind is mainly WNW and W, accounting for 41.05% and 20.02%, respectively. The annual DP and RDP is 326 VU and 235 VU, respectively, hence the studied area belongs to intermediate wind energy environment. The annual net sand transport direction is ESE. The wind direction variability (RDP/DP) is 0.72, belongs to intermediate ratio and obtuse bimodal wind regimes. The directions of yardang bodies are basically in accordance with prevailing wind direction, so formation of yardang landform was affected mainly by wind power.