民勤咸水灌溉及SWAP模型模拟研究

 采用0.8 g·L-1和5 g·L-1浓度咸水对民勤传统作物黄河蜜进行咸水灌溉试验。通过野外试验和实验室分析,评价了咸水灌溉对土壤性质和作物产量的影响,校正了SWAP模型并对相关因子进行了模拟分析。研究结果显示,尽管基于当地种植经验的灌水量与基于潜在蒸发蒸腾量（ET0）及根据田间持水量计算的需水量有一定差异,但灌溉水质和灌水量与田间产量具有较好的一致性;0.8 g·L-1处理的水利用效率高于5 g·L-1处理,湿润年的水利用效率高于干旱年;模拟结果显示,SWAP模型对不同试验处理和不同气候条件下的土壤性质和作物产量模拟效果较好。由此得出结论,在民勤可以利用SWAP模型模拟不同环境条件下的土壤水分状况及作物产量,为农田耕作提供理论支撑。

Saline Water Irrigation and SWAP Model Simulation in Minqin,Gansu Province

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact of saline water irrigation on soil properties and crop yield. The experiment was carried out in Minqin Desert Control Station, and melon (Cucumis melo), a typical crop in Minqin, was selected and irrigated with saline water of different concentrations, namely 0.8 and 5 g·L-1, later coded as C08 and C5. The detailed temporal evolution of net soil water deficit under different solute concentrations was simulated by the calibrated and validated numerical model, SWAP (Soil Water Atmosphere and Plant). The experimental results indicate that there is a good correlation between the quantity and quality of irrigation water and the field yield despite that the practical irrigation volume is not in agreement with the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) and the theoretical irrigation volume. The C08 treatment had higher water use efficiency (WUE) than the C5 treatment in all cases. The WUE in the wet year was higher than that in the dry year. The model simulation can provide reliable information of soil properties and crop yield under different irrigation treatments and climate conditions, and the SWAP model can be used to instruct field management in Minqin.