三峡库区石碗溪小流域农业生态综合治理

小流域是大江大河的基本单元，也是长江流域水土流失治理的重点。三峡库区小流域数量众多，其环境质量影响着三峡工程的安危。石碗溪流域位于三峡库区开县境内，山地多平地少，人地矛盾突出，陡坡地耕种普遍，水土流失与生态环境退化严重。在实地调查研究的基础上，深入分析了该流域由于自然和人为原因共同导致的农业生态环境退化，生态功能降低等问题。针对这些问题，从流域实际情况出发，以流域内不同海拔及坡度区的气候、水文、土壤状况的分异为依据，利用Arcview软件，将流域划分为4个不同的综合治理区域，在此基础上，提出了适合当地农业发展的流域生态治理模式，从而为整个流域的可持续发展提供了技术指导。

Integrated Management of Agriculture and Environment for the Shiwan small Watersheds in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas

Watershed is the basic portion of the great river, the stress of the water and soil erosion management. There are a lot of watersheds in the TGR whose environment affects safety of the Project of the Three Gorges. Shiwan watershed lies in the Kaixian, one of the counties in the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Changjiang River watershed. Because of the limitation of natural and geographic conditions as well as the irrational use modes by people, the environmental deterioration phenomenon has emerged with the main character of lose of water and soil, which has brought serious damage to production, living of people and the developing of national economy. The environmental deterioration has also brought severe effect on local sustainable development. Basing on field investigation, this paper analyzes the problem induced by natural and human factors, such as environment degeneration and ecological function depression. Taking into account these problems and conditions of climate, hydrology and soil in different altitudes and slopes, integrated management models for agriculture and ecology are set up, which provide the technical guidance for the watershed sustainable development.