重庆两江新区低丘缓坡开发建设生态适宜性评价

低丘缓坡土地开发建设是协调城镇化和生态保护的重要途径。以重庆两江新区为例,首先界定研究区低丘缓坡土地评价范围,提取低丘缓坡土地面积共为531.66 km²。然后以生态保护为基本目标,从自然禀赋、区位条件、生态环境3个角度选取10个指标,应用生态适宜度模型建立低丘缓坡土地开发建设生态适宜度等级空间格局。结果表明：① 低丘缓坡土地开发建设单因子生态适宜性等级差异较大,其中自然禀赋和生态环境的生态适宜度等级以中高等级为主,区位条件的生态适宜度等级以中等级为主。② 研究区综合生态适宜度等级以中等级为主,以复盛、石船、鱼嘴和龙兴等地为集中适宜开发建设区。③ 通过综合生态适宜度等级与土地利用总体规划数据的叠加分析,将研究区划分为四类建设区。优先开发区面积为80.43 km²,集中在西部河流两岸附近1000 m和东部槽谷地区;一般开发区面积为157.26 km²,主要位于西部河流两岸250~350 m地带和铜锣山两侧槽谷地区;限制开发区面积为201.74 km²,集聚在中部400~450 m台地区;禁止开发区面积为92.22 km²,以“四山”地区为集中区。研究结果为低丘缓坡土地开发建设过程中经济发展和生态保护“双赢”策略的制定提供科学依据。

Evaluation on ecological suitability for development and construction of gentle hillside in Liangjiang New Area

Development and construction of gentle hillside land is regarded as an important way to coordinate urbanization and ecological protection. Taking Liangjiang New Area located in Chongqing as a case study, we defined the evaluation range of gentle hillside land in this study, which covers an area of 531.66 km². Then, with ecological protection as the basic goal, ten indicators were selected from three perspectives of natural endowment, social condition and ecological environment, and the ecological suitability model was applied to build a spatial pattern for ecological suitability grade of gentle hillside land in the study area. The results were shown as follows: (1) The single-factor ecological suitability grade of development and construction for gentle hillside land differs greatly, among which the natural suitability and eco-environment ecological suitability grade were mainly middle-high grade and the location condition ecological suitability grade were mainly medium grade. (2) The comprehensive eco-suitability of the study area was medium grade, with Fusheng, Shijie, Yuzui and Longxing towns as centers for suitable development and construction. (3) Based on comprehensive ecological suitability grade and the land use planning data in Liangjiang New Area by ArcGIS, the study area was divided into four construction areas. The priority development zone covered an area of 80.43 km², which was concentrated in the vicinity of 1000 meters on both sides of the western river, and the eastern trough area. Moderate development zone covered an area of 157.26 km², mainly in the western rivers at an altitude of 250 to 350 m and on both sides of the groove Valley Tongluoshan. The area of the limited development zone was 201.74 km², and gathered in the central platform area at an altitude of 400-450 m. The area of the prohibited development zone was 92.22 km², with the "four mountains" as a concentrated area. Therefore, our results can provide a scientific basis for the "win-win" strategy of economic development and ecological protection and the reasonable development and construction of gentle hillside land．