中国国内旅游流空间场效应分析

从空间场效应的角度采用因子分析法,利用1999-2003年中国国内旅游抽样调查资料,分析国内旅游流的产生、分配、集聚、扩散的基本特征以及旅游流空间网络的相关性。结果表明:(1)经济是旅游流产生的主要驱动力,旅游资源是旅游流空间分配的主要驱动力; 目前国内已形成4大旅游流产生地和5大旅游流集聚地;(2)旅游集聚场与扩散场的等级结构受市场原则作用,表现为K=3序列的空间模式;(3)旅游集聚场地域结构呈"U"型特征,而旅游扩散场呈"三级阶梯"状格局;(4)β、γ指数揭示旅游流空间网络相关性较差。今后加快长江、黄河流域旅游带以及南部沿海、北部沿海和东北旅游区等"二带三区"的旅游网络化建设,是我国推进区域旅游合作的主要方向和重点区域,是实现旅游流空间流向合理调整与流量结构优化的关键。

An analysis on spatial field effect of domestic tourist flows in China

Based on the data of tourism sampling check from 1999 to 2003 in China, and in the context of spatial field effect,this psper uses factor analysis to show the basic character of domestic tourist flows origin, distribution, centralization, decentralization and their relativity of tourist flows spatial network. The results are as follows: (1) Economy is the main driving force of the tourist flows origin, the effect of cultural driving force is intensifying and tourist resource is the main driving force of the tourist distribution. Now, China has formed four tourist flows original fields and five tourist destinations. (2) Influenced by market principle, the hierarchical structure of tourist centralization fields and decentralization fields represents the spatial sequence model of K = 3. (3) The regional structure of tourist centralization fields show the character of "U" form, and the regional structure of tourist decentralization fields represent the pattern of "third class ladder". (4) The spatial network indexes of β and γ indicate that the relativity of tourist flows spatial network is feebleness. Finally, the paper regards that China should expedite the tourism development of the "two zones &; three regions", namely the two zones of the Yangtze and Yellow river drainage areas and the three regions of the south coastal provinces, the north coastal provinces and northeast provinces in China. They are the key directions to push energetically the cooperation among tourist regions, endeavor to construct the tourist spatial network system, adjust and optimize the directions and quantity of tourist flows, as well as the key factors to enhance the network level of tourist flows.