芜湖市居民购物出行空间的等级结构演变特征及驱动机制简

居民购物出行空间是城市内部空间结构的重要组成部分。在对芜湖市居民问卷调查和访谈的基础上，分析了居民购物出行空间等级结构的演变特征及驱动机制。结果表明：① 芜湖市居民购物出行的空间距离具有减小的趋势，变化幅度最大的是家用电器与服装衣饰类等高等级商品，从中心区与郊区来看，中心城区居民的出行距离变化不大，郊区居民的购物出行距离明显缩短，反映了城市商业空间格局的分散化趋向。② 芜湖市居民购买不同类型商品出行的空间等级层次分明，基本符合中心地理论中的等级关系，购物地点逐渐从高级中心地向相对较低级中心地转移；日常用品类商品购物地等级下降最为明显，由2001年的介于三、四级中心地下降到2011年的四、五级中心地之间，下降了1个空间等级，具有明显的就近居住地购买趋向。③ 从政府政策作用、零售商供给、居住主体偏好等三方面剖析了居民购物出行空间演变的驱动机制，认为商业网点发展规划、新业态的集聚与扩散、职住分离与居住-消费空间错位、交通条件的改善、居民购物需求偏好等因素影响着居民购物出行空间的等级结构演变。

The evolution of the hierarchy of shopping trip space for residents in Wuhu city and its driving mechanism

As western human geographers have continually paid more attention to the problems of humans and society, the focuses of urban geography have transformed from a macroscopic level, such as research on city system, to a microscopic level, such as research on shopping space, living space and commercial space. This has placed much emphasis on the composite power of urban spatial changes as well as research on the combination of multi-layered spaces including production, consumption, circulation, innovation and non-physical space research. The shopping space for residents is an important part of urban internal spatial structure. It is of great importance to analyze urban commercial spatial structure from the viewpoint of consumers' behavior. Based on interviews and questionnaires, the paper analyzes the evolution of the hierarchy structure of shopping trip space for residents in Wuhu and its driving mechanism. The result shows that: (1) As the average shopping distance of residents tends to be shortened, and the biggest change is their selection of household appliances and clothing; The changes of the shopping travel distance in central city are small, while in the suburbs those are shortened obviously, which reflects the diversification trend of urban commercial space structure. (2) Through constructing the hierarchy model for residents' shopping trip, we find that the hierarchy of shopping trip space to purchase different goods for residents in Wuhu is discernible, which is in line with the scale of hierarchical relationships in the Central Place Theory; Shopping circling structures and shopping sites of different goods present different characteristics, the hierarchy of shopping trip space tends to move down and the daily supplies goods is most obvious, the shopping places from the third and fourth central places in 2001 moved down to between the fourth and fifth central places, showing obviously purchasing trends near residences. (3) From government policy, retailers supply and residents' preference, we find that the driving mechanism of the evolution of shopping trip space in Wuhu city can attribute to many factors such as development planning of the commercial networks, concentration and diffusion of new business formats, the jobs-housing segregation and housing-consumption mismatch, improvement of the transportation conditions, and the residents' shopping demands preference.