2000年以来中国县级行政区划调整的类型、特征及趋势分析

系统地梳理了2000—2016年中国县级行政区划调整的631个案例，归纳了县级行政区划调整的主要类型，包括撤县（市）设区、撤县设市、行政区合并、增设行政区、边界调整、隶属变更和建制升格7类，发现各种类型变更的背后都隐含着深刻的社会经济背景和特定的需求。详细分析了县级行政区划调整数量和类型的时空分布特征，发现具有时间上集中和空间上聚集相结合的特点，随着不同时期国家或区域发展的战略导向不同，县级行政区划调整的构成和指向会随之发生变化；县级行政区划变更有着明显区域差别，经济发达和城镇化发育较高的地区是调整重点，城镇化导向突出；县级行政区划较多的省份变更频繁，减少了县和县级市数量；注重了民族地区和边疆地区行政区划变革，有利于促进民族和边疆地区发展。立足于空间治理，认为县级行政区划调整和优化基本上围绕城镇化、区域发展、边疆治理和民族地区发展等战略的要求展开，代表了未来调整的趋向。

Types,Characteristics and Tendency of County-level Administrative Division Adjustment in China since 2000

The adjustment of administrative divisions at county-level is an important manifestation of national spatial governance. This thesis mainly reviews 631 cases of county-level administrative divisions adjustment in China from 2000 to 2016, and summarizes the main types of county administrative division adjustment, including turning counties (cities) into districts, turning counties into cities, the combination of the administrative districts, the establishment of the administrative districts, boundary adjustment, affiliated change and institutional upgrading. This part of research shows that the type of changes implies a profound socioeconomic context and specific needs. The charts and diagrams analyze the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of the county-level administrative division adjustment of various types and quantities, which is characterized by the combination of time concentration and spatial aggregation. It is found that the content and direction of the administrative divisions’ adjustment at county-level will change along with the different strategic orientations of different countries or regions. Through the adjustment of county-level administrative divisions, the number of county-level cities has been increased, the scale and space of urban areas in large cities have been expanded, the spatial resources of urban internal areas have been reorganized, and the spatial structure of administrative districts has been upgraded. Based on the spatial management, this paper argues that the adjustment of county-level administrative divisions is of great significance in the national spatial governance and optimization of economic and social development. It is essentially to establish a more complete system and spatial foundation for the modernization of state governance. On the tendency of development, it is believed that the study of the relationship between the adjustment of county-level administrative divisions and national strategy and regional development, and the research of implicit logic from the exploration process of the county-level administrative division reconstruction will become a hot spot. The adjustment and optimization of county-level administrative divisions are basically carried out in accordance with the requirements of urbanization, regional development, border governance and ethnic regional development. According to the research, this paper aims to provide a reference for the reform of county-level administrative divisions in China, and to provide ideas for improving the type structure of county-level administrative divisions and optimizing spatial distribution. Through the research, it can also provide basic support for promoting the study of the modernization of state governance and optimizing the set of county-level administrative divisions.