城乡系统关联耦合的演化特征及地域类型划分

基于城乡系统关联耦合的概念内涵，以东北三省34个地级市为研究单元，采用2003—2017年的城、乡发展数据，运用灰色关联模型，对东北三省城乡关联的内部要素作用、城乡耦合时空特征以及城乡关联耦合地域类型进行研究。结果表明：东北三省历年城、乡各要素间关联度均在0.5以上，属于较高关联；城、乡子系统中对城乡关联耦合的强作用要素集中于城市系统的经济、空间领域以及乡村系统的经济领域，弱作用要素集中于城市系统的工业、社会领域与乡村系统的人口、社会领域；2003—2017年，东北三省城乡耦合度平均值由0.788下降至0.692，城乡相互作用趋于缓和、城乡协调适应性不断增强；东北三省城乡耦合度呈现“南低北高、南北差异日渐缩小、高值集中于各省经济落后区域、低值向四大中心城市极化”的空间格局；东北三省34个城市的城乡关联耦合演化可划分为高水平协调稳定型、高水平协调倒退型、较低水平协调倒退型、低水平与较低水平协调发展型、低水平与较低水平协调稳定型5种类型。

Evolution Characteristics and Division of Regional Types of Correlation Coupling of Urban-Rural Systems: A Case Study of the Three Provinces of Northeast China

Starting from the conceptual characteristics of the correlation coupling of urban-rural system, taking 34 prefecture-level cities in the three provinces of Northeast China as research units, using the data of urban and rural development from 2003 to 2017, and using the grey correlation model, this paper studies the internal driving factors, spatial and temporal characteristics, and the regional types of urban-rural correlation coupling. The results show that: the correlation degree between urban and rural factors in the three provinces of Northeast China is over 0.5, which is a relatively high correlation. The strong factors for urban and rural system are concentrated on the economic and spatial fields of urban subsystem and the economic field of the rural system, and the strong factors of the urban sub-system are obviously more than that of the rural subsystem. In 2003-2017, the average urban-rural coupling degree in Northeast China showed a gradual decline, from 0.788 to 0.692, indicating that the urban-rural interaction tended to be eased and the coupling between urban and rural areas increased. The spatial pattern of urban-rural coupling in the three provinces of Northeast China showed “south low north high, north south difference narrowing, high value is concentrated in the backward areas of the three provinces and the four major centers is the polarization of low value”. The correlation coupling of urban and rural areas in 34 cities in the three provinces of Northeast China can be divided into five evolution types: high level coordination stability type, high level coordination regression type, lower level coordination decline type, low level and lower level coordination rising type, low level and lower level coordination stability type.