人海关系地域系统视角下海洋本体的解构与研究重点

在揭示人海辩证关系与海洋社会属性的基础上,从人海关系地域系统的视角,解析了海洋的构成。第一海洋（自然海洋）是人海关系地域系统中自然存在而非人为构筑的海洋部分,其核心要素是地理位置、物质构成和空间形态。第二海洋（人工海洋）是人类海洋实践中所建造的设施及相应的物质、能量及信息流动,包括基地设施、人类主体之间的物质信息交流和人类与海洋之间的采集排放活动。第三海洋（关系海洋）是不同人类主体在海洋实践中形成的互动关系,核心内容是主体构成、内容组成以及表现形式。第四海洋（观念海洋）是人类对海洋及海洋实践活动的认知,核心是在处理人类与海洋、陆地与海洋和人类主体之间关系时所秉持的理念。现实中,自然海洋、实践性的人工海洋和关系海洋与构想性的观念海洋相互作用,形成了丰富多样的海洋世界。随着人类海洋实践的深化,关系海洋和观念海洋与自然海洋和人工海洋一并成为了研究与实践的重点。

Deconstruction of Marine Ontology and Important Research Issues in Perspective of Human-ocean Regional System

In human-ocean regional system, ocean gets important property of sociality. As for composition, ocean has 4 parts. The first ocean, namely natural ocean, is the naturally existing part of ocean in human-ocean region system. Its core elements are geographical location, physical composition and spatial form. The second ocean, namely artificial ocean, is the built facilities and related material and energy flow in human’s marine practices, including base and facilities, material flow between human subjects and collection & emission between human and ocean. The third ocean, namely relation ocean, is the relationship between human subjects concerning marine practices. Its main contents are subject composition, contents and representation form. The fourth ocean, namely concept ocean, is human’s cognition and perception of ocean and related practices. The core is the idea concerning the relationships between human and ocean, land and ocean and human subjects. In reality, natural ocean, practical ocean and conceived ocean interact one another, producing colorful oceans. With human’s marine practices development, relation and concept oceans, together with natural and artificial oceans, have become marine research and practice focuses.