人海关系地域系统的构成及其研究重点探讨

在全球化和人类活动向海洋扩张的背景下,作为总体性人地关系一个组成部分的人海关系正变得日益复杂和重要,亟需对其进行基础性的理论解读,以整合和指导具体研究的展开。人海关系地域系统包括人类、海洋和陆地3个基本组成部分。其中,人类具有自然和社会2种基本属性,受人类活动影响的海洋和陆地具有自然、社会和关系3种基本属性。人类与海洋、人类与陆地和海洋与陆地之间的互动构成了人海关系地域系统中最基本的相互关系,其不同组合和演变塑造出了具体、多样的人海关系地域系统。当前人海关系地域系统的研究重点包括海洋观、海洋的开发与保护、国际海洋关系、陆海统筹和海洋社会5个方面。

The Composition and Important Research Issues of Human-Ocean Regional System

As a part of general human-land relation, human-ocean relation is becoming more complicated and important, requiring basic theoretical understanding to guide specific researches in the field. Human-ocean regional system is composed of three basic parts, human, ocean and land. Human attribute includes natural and social aspects. Human participates in, affects and even dominates the development of human-ocean regional system through four types of human activities, namely safety, reproduction, gaining surplus and developing culture. Ocean and land have three kinds of attributes, natural attribute includes material resources, space and landscape; social attribute includes knowledge system, science & technology and population size; relational attribute includes political & military relation, economic & business relation and social & cultural relation. The interactions between human and ocean, human and land, ocean and land form the basic relationships in human-ocean regional system. Their different combinations and evolutions produce concrete and diverse human-ocean regional systems. According to the spatial attribute of human activities, human-ocean regional system can be divided into four types, namely local human-ocean regional system, land-open human-ocean regional system, ocean-open human-ocean regional system and total-open human-ocean regional system. At present stage, important research issues concerning human-ocean regional system include ocean view, ocean development and protection, ocean-land relation, ocean society and international ocean relationship.