金属矿山崩落采矿法引起的岩层移动规律分析

以典型陡倾结构面条件下的金属矿山--程潮铁矿西区为例，通过对矿区的地表变形监测资料及宏观破坏特征分析，认为矿区的岩层移动分为2个阶段，第1阶段为采空区顶板岩体破坏扩展至地表引起塌陷阶段；第2阶段为采空区周边围岩向采空区的倾倒破坏阶段，并得出了倾倒滑移区的地表岩体变形规律：岩体主要发生水平移动，水平移动值大于沉降值；变形先以缓慢变形为主，然后进入一个快速变形阶段，存在明显的转折点；开采沉陷和地形引起的应力同向叠加作用，使得地表岩体沿下坡方向的变形值增大，特别是水平移动值。同时揭示了矿区岩层移动角的分布特征；南部岩层移动角大于北部，究其原因是北部受最为发育的NNW、NNE结构面影响，倾倒破坏较为严重。所得成果为其他类似的金属矿山工程提供可借鉴的规律。

Analysis of law of ground deformation induced by caving mining in metal mines

The west part of Chengchao Iron Mine is metal mine characterized by steep structure plane. In this study, the monitored data of the ground deformation and macroscopic damage features of the mining area are analyzed. The strata movement in mining area can divided into two stages. The first stage is that the failure of the roof rock masses extends to the ground surface and then cause subsidence, while the second stage is that surrounding rock mass around goaf topples to mined-out area. Through the investigation of toppling-sliding area, it is found that the horizontal displacement mainly occurs in this area, which is greater than the vertical displacement; the ground deformation firstly increases slowly, then enters a rapid deformation phase, there exists a significant turning point; the superimposition stress induced by mining subsidence and terrain characteristics increases the ground deformation in the downhill areas, especially the horizontal displacement. Meanwhile, the distribution characteristics of angle of ground movement are revealed in the mine. The angle of ground movement in the south part of mine is greater than that in the north part, and the reason is that the north part is affected by the NNW, NNE structure planes, where the toppling failure is quite serious. The research results may be applied to the similar metal mines.