城市三维地质数据组织与管理方法研究

城市三维地质数据的组织与管理是城市三维地质信息系统建设所面临的首要难题。通过对城市地质调查成果数据和城市三维地质信息系统用户需求的分析，将城市三维地质数据抽象、概括为“两个层次、四大类别”。“两个层次”是指城市三维地质数据包括原始数据和解释成果数据这两个层次；“四大类别”则是将城市三维地质数据分为地理空间数据、原始勘察数据、专业解释数据和三维地质建模数据等四个大类，其中地理空间数据和原始勘察数据属于“原始数据”这一层次，专业解释数据和三维地质建模数据属于“解释成果数据”这一层次。论文还按照地质数据所涉及的专业标准，将城市三维地质数据划分为多个专业库，这可满足不同专业的工程人员的应用需求。根据三维地质建模的要求，特别提取出经特殊解释后的三维建模数据，以实现对地质数据的三维可视化显示与分析。这种数据组织与管理方案已经成功的应用于北京、上海等城市的三维地质数据管理和服务系统之中。

Data organization and management methods for 3D urban geological information

Data organization and management of 3D urban geological data is a critical point in the construction of 3D Urban Geological Information System. Based on the analysis of the data types, data formats and user’s requirements, a novel conception of two-tier and four-sort data for 3D urban geological information is developed. Two-tier data means that the original data and the interpreted data can be distinguished from 3D urban geological database. Four-sort data means that the geological database has a four-sort constitution consisting of: geographical data, original investigation data, professional interpreted data and 3D geological modeling data. To meet the demand of the technologist with the different majors, several professional databases are constructed from 3D urban geological data. To realize such functions as 3D visual analysis of geological data, 3D geological modeling data is provided specially. These approaches have been applied successfully in the management and service system of 3D urban geological data in Beijing and Shanghai cities.