月球构造新认识：基于60m高精度全月月形图的月球构造形态学研究

一直以来月球上都没有发现像地球上一样的全球板块构造现象,被认为是属于单板块构造的行星体并且是不活动的。随着月球地形探测精度的提高,人们逐渐发现了一些地质现象表明月球并不像之前想象的一样是不活动的。高精度的月形数据显示出了月球上除了存在众所周知的(撞击作用产生的)复杂的撞击构造外,仍然存在许多可能由内生作用产生的构造特征:如裂谷、山脊、火山群等。本文利用最新高精度月球激光高度数据(LOLA数据)建立了全月60m(相当于7秒网格)高精度月形图。由于数据量超大(TB级别),作者编写了基于并行架构的集群计算处理代码,其计算效率提高了近300倍。基于这些图件,作者在全球范围内找出许多重要的构造现象,并根据其构造及地质特征进行分类研究。研究结果表明并不像之前认识一样,月球上的确存在许多地质构造体是由月球的内生地质作用所产生,并建立对于月球结构和构造的新认识。此外,通过对比发现,像地球上全球尺度的线性山脉只是板块构造运动的结果;另一方面,在无板块构造的行星上,就像月球一样,会产生大面积的高地(月陆)和低地(月海地区),这种地质现象很有可能是行星地壳岩浆演化的直接结果。在文章最后,作者还将制作出的60m分辨率的全月月形系列图件附后并公开,以方便其他科研人员进一步开展相关研究;并以此敬献中国地质科学院60周年庆典。

New Knowledge of Lunar Tectonics: Researches on Lunar Tectonics and Geomorphology with Global Topographic Maps in High Accuracy of 60 Meters

Not as on the Earth, the global plate tectonics have still not been found on the Moon, which has been considered as a one plate planet and non active. With improved accuracy in topographic data of the Moon, some newly discoveried geological process reveals that the Moon is not so negative as previously thought. High accruate topogrphic maps of the Moon is helpful in discovering not only well known impact driven structures and tectonics (formed by impact process), but many structures and tectonics by interior processes of the Moon, like rifts, ridges, volcanism and etc. In this paper, lunar topographic maps with high accurate of 60 meters (equal to 7 arc seconds) have been established with recently released Lunar Orbital Laser Altimeter (LOLA) data sets. To process the large quantity of data (in TeraBytes), special parallel codes on clusters are compiled out with 300 times as efficient as before. Based on these maps, many importrant structures and tectonics throughout the globe have been discovered, and then analized in category according to their tectonical and geological features. The results demonstrate that not as previouly thought, many tectonical structures indeed formed by interior process of the Moon, which contribute to establishment of new knowledge of lunar tectonics. Besides, by comparison, we find that linear Mountains in global scale like on the Earth is soly formed by plate tectonics. On the other hand, the geological features as large scale of highland and lowland (mare) appear on the planet with non plate tectonics like the Moon, is the most probably the direct result of the evolvement of crust and magma of the planet. At final, the lunar topographic maps in 60 meters are released and attached here not for further researching by other planetary scientists, but also for the celebration of the 60th anniverary of establishment of Chinese Academy of Geolgocial Sciences.