福建大田—漳平地区构造-热对煤系石墨成矿及赋存的控制探讨

福建省大田—漳平地区位于东部滨太平洋构造带上，不同时期的岩浆热液作用和复杂多变的构造形变格局，为该地区形成丰富的石墨矿床提供了良好的成矿条件。为了查明大田—漳平地区煤系石墨的成矿控制因素及分布规律，通过工业分析、元素分析、X射线衍射和激光拉曼光谱等实验，对不同矿区不同变质程度的煤和煤成石墨的化学组成及微观结构特征等煤成石墨化特征进行了研究，并将不同变形特征的样品划分为煤成石墨、煤成半石墨和石墨化无烟煤三大类。研究表明:煤的变形特征与煤成石墨的演化类型基本一致，且韧性变形样品的石墨化程度最高，说明构造应力作用能促进煤的石墨化作用；煤成石墨的分布受到岩浆-构造活动的控制，石墨矿床多产出于岩浆岩侵入体外接触带或附近断裂带的有利围岩地层中，且大田—漳平地区煤系石墨矿具有明显的成区、成带分布特点，煤成石墨成矿区主要集中在闽西南坳陷南部的漳平一带；而北部大田一带分布的矿区矿体石墨化程度较漳平一带低，多为煤成半石墨或石墨化无烟煤，研究结果可为该地区煤系石墨矿产综合勘探开发利用提供有利依据。 

The control of mineralization and occurrence of coal-based graphite by tectonic-heat in Zhangping-Datian area,Fujian

Datian-Zhangping area,Fujian Province,is located in the east coast Pacific tectonic belt,magmatic hydrothermal processes and complex tectonic deformation patterns in different periods provide favorable conditions for the formation of abundant graphite deposits in this area.In order to find out the metallogenic control factors and distribution law of coal-based graphite in Datian-Zhangping area,through proximate analysis,elemental analysis,X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy,the graphitization characteristics of coal and coal-based graphite with different metamorphic degree in different mining areas were studied.The samples with different deformation characteristics were divided into three types:coal-based graphite,coal-based semi-graphite and graphitized anthracite.The results show that the deformation characteristics of coal are basically consistent with the evolution type of coal-based graphite,and the graphitization degree of ductile deformation samples is the highest,indicating that tectonic stress can promote the graphitization of coal;The distribution of coal-based graphite is controlled by magmatic-tectonic activity,graphite deposits tend to intrude from magmatic rocks into favorable surrounding rocks in external contact zones or adjacent fault zones,and the graphite deposits of coal-based graphite in Datian-Zhangping area have obvious characteristics of zonational distribution,the coal-based graphite mining areas are mainly concentrated in Zhangping area in the south of south-western Fujian depression,the graphitization degree of ore bodies in Datian area in the north is lower than that in Zhangping area,and most of them are coal-based semi graphite or graphitized anthracite.The results can provide a favorable basis for the comprehensive exploration,exploitation and utilization in this area.