高阶煤煤层气井产量递减规律及影响因素

为揭示高阶煤煤层气井产量递减规律,基于沁水盆地南部樊庄区块10余年的开发数据,通过数值模拟、统计分析等方法,对现有开发技术条件下高阶煤煤层气井产量递减点(即煤层气井产量开始递减时的煤层气采出程度)、递减类型及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:樊庄区块煤层气井产量递减点平均为25%,单井平均递减点为21%,大部分井在排采4 a后开始递减;煤层气井递减点由基质渗透率和裂缝半长决定,基质渗透率和裂缝半长越大,单井有效控制半径越大、有效控制储量越多,递减点越大;基质渗透率越高,裂缝半长增加引起的递减点增幅越大。由此可知,渗透率是煤层气井递减类型的主控因素,渗透率越高,递减指数越小,递减速度越慢。随着渗透率增加,递减类型依次为线性递减、指数递减和双曲递减。综合分析认为,储层平均孔隙半径越大,煤的应力敏感性越弱,煤基质收缩对渗透率的改善程度越大,导致储层动态渗透率越高,递减速度越慢。该研究为合理控制高阶煤煤层气井产量递减具有指导意义。

Production decline law and influencing factors of high-rank coal CBM wells

In order to reveal the production decline law of high-rank coal CBM wells, based on the development data of Fanzhuang block in southern Qinshui basin for more than 10 years, this paper studies the decline point, decline type and influencing factors of high-rank coal CBM wells by means of numerical simulation and statistical analysis. The results show that the decline point of the Fanzhuang block is 25% and the average decline point of the single well is 21%. Most wells begin to decline after drainage of 4 years. The decline point of CBM well is determined by matrix permeability and half length of fracture. The higher the matrix permeability is, the larger the effective control radius of single well is, the more effective control reserves are, and the larger the decline point is. The higher the matrix permeability, the greater the growth of decrease point caused by the increase of half length of fracture. Permeability is the main controlling factor of CBM well decline type. The higher the permeability is, the smaller the decline index is, and the slower the decline rate is. With the increase of permeability, the decline types are linear decline, exponential decline and hyperbolic decline successively. The reason is that for formation with high permeability, the average pore radius is large, which results in much weaker stress sensitivity and much greater permeability by shrinkage of the coal and rock, leading to much higher dynamic permeability and much slower decline rate.