综合物探技术在煤系上覆薄硬岩矿区的应用初探——以山西潞安集团司马矿区为例

山西潞安集团司马矿区东高西低,西部延至长治盆地,矿区水系发育。主采3#煤层埋藏较浅,层位稳定。新生界不整合于下伏基岩之上,厚度变化较大,属典型的薄硬岩煤矿区。为准确提供矿区煤炭开采上限的地质依据,采用了综合勘探技术,其中利用三维地震勘探技术追踪新生界底面反射波及第四系"天窗"位置,利用直流电法与瞬变电磁法提供电性分层,并对其解释结果进行相互印证。勘探实例表明,三维地震勘探、电法勘探与钻探的综合运用不仅可解决薄硬岩煤矿区新生界厚度、含水层富水性及第四系缺失等问题,还可提供新生界含水层与基岩含水层之间的水力联系、制约因素等资料。

Preliminary Discussion on Application of Integrated Geophysical Prospecting Technology in Coal Mining Areas with Thin Hard Rocks above Coal Measures——A Case Study of Sima Mining Area, Luan Group, Shanxi

The relief of Sima mining area,Luan Group,Shanxi is high in east and low in west,extended westward to the Changzhi Basin,and the mine area is well drained.The main mineable coal seam No.3 is shallower buried and stable.The Cenozoic erathem is unconformably lain upon the underlying hard rocks above the coal measures,while the thickness of those hard rocks is thin and variable,thus a typical coal mining area with thin hard rocks above coal measures.To provide geological basis of mining limit upon the coal seam correctly,integrated prospecting technology has used,in which,3D seismic prospecting was used to trace Cenozoic erathem bottom reflection and Quaternary ＂window＂ position,direct current and transient electromagnetic methods provide electric layering and mutual verification of interpreted results.The case study has demonstrated that the integrated using of 3D seismic and electric prospecting,drilling can solve not only issues of thickness of Cenozoic erathem in coal mining areas with thin hard rocks above coal measures,aquifer water yield property,and Quaternary System hiatus,but also can provide information of hydraulic connection between Cenozoic aquifers and bedrock aquifers,constraint factors etc.