我国氦气资源现状及首个特大型富氦储量的发现:和田河气田

氦气是一种重要的战略稀有资源，关系国家安全和高新技术产业发展.但我国贫氦且绝大部分依赖进口，资源安全形势十分严峻，因此开展氦气资源调查非常迫切.通过全国七大含油气盆地及其他地区氦气资源及成因系统调研，明确我国中西部含油气盆地天然气中氦气基本为壳源放射成因，其富集受富含U、Th的酸性岩或基底的分布、背斜圈闭及断裂共同控制.东部郯庐断裂带两侧含油气盆地中氦气为壳源和幔源混合成因，其富集受断裂控制明显.地热或温泉的水溶气中，含量较高的氦气主要为壳源.优选了氦气显示良好、但存在不确定性的塔里木盆地和田河气田及周缘开展氦气资源系统勘查.通过对和田河气田及周缘11口井天然气样品精细取样、分析，首次发现和田河气田为富氦气田，氦气体积含量为0.30%~0.37%（平均0.32%），为壳源成因，折算氦气探明储量1.959 1×108 m3，是我国发现的首个特大型富氦氦气田.因此建议:（1）加快建设和田河气田氦气分离、液化装置，实现气田开发整体效益最大化；（2）尽快论证建设"塔里木盆地氦气战略储备基地"的可行性，开展全国主要含油气盆地氦气资源系统调查；（3）加强氦气成藏理论研究，指导氦气资源勘探. 

Helium Resources and Discovery of First Supergiant Helium Reserve in China: Hetianhe Gas Field

Helium is a kind of important strategic scarce resources, which is related to national security and the development of high-tech industries.However, China is poor in helium and most of it depends on imports.The situation of resources security is very serious, so it is very important to carry out helium resources survey.Based on the investigation of helium resources in the seven major petroliferous basins and other areas in China, it can be concluded that the helium in natural gas in petroliferous basins in central and western China is radioactive origin from crust.Its enrichment is controlled by the distribution of acid rock or basement rich in U and Th, structural traps and fracture.The helium in the petroliferous basins located on both sides of Tanlu fault zone in eastern China is originated from the mixing of mantle and crustal sources.Its enrichment is controlled obviously by fracture.The high content of helium in water-soluble gas in geothermal water or hot springs is mainly crustal source.In this study, the Hetianhe gas field and its peripheral areas in Tarim Basin with good helium display but uncertainties are selected for the systematic exploration of helium resources.Through fine sampling and analysis of the 11 natural gas samples from Hetianhe gas field and its peripheral areas, it is found for the first time that Hetianhe gas field is rich in helium, with helium volume content ranging from 0.30% to 0.37%(average 0.32%).As originated from crust, the proven reserve of helium gas is 1.959 1×108m3.So, Hetianhe gas field is the first supergiant helium-rich gas field discovered in China.Therefore, in this paper it is suggested that:(1) accelerating the construction of helium separation and liquefaction units in Hetianhe gas field to maximize the overall benefits; (2) demonstrating the feasibility of constructing "Tarim Basin helium strategic reserve base" as soon as possible, and carrying out systematic investigation of helium resources in petroliferous basins throughout the country; (3) strengthening the theoretical study of helium accumulation to guide helium resources exploration.