新疆北部中——大型金、铜矿床的基本成矿特征

通过对新疆北部10多个中－大型金、铜矿床的对比研究，探讨了其含矿建造及其岩石化学成分，将这些中－大型金、铜矿床概括为块状硫化物型铜－多金属－金矿系列、浅成低温热液型金矿系列、铜镍硫化物型矿床系列、与韧性剪切带有关的构造蚀变岩型金矿系列、与夕卡岩有关的铜（钼）矿床系列等5个成矿系列类型、并指出本区金、铜矿床存在“一代，双峰”和“集中成矿，分片富集”的时空分布特点；在探讨有关典型矿床的硫同位素、铅同位素、稀土元素地球化学特征的基础上，阐述了本区中－大型金、铜矿床具有明显的多成矿物质来源和多成矿阶段等基本特性；最后建立了本区中－大型金、铜矿床的区域成矿模式。

Basic Metal logenetic Characters of the Large and Medium-Scale Gold and Copper Deposits in Northern Xinjiang

A number of large and medium-scale gold and copper deposits have been found in northern Xinjiang, including the Axi gold deposit, Lamasu copper deposit, Ashley copper (zinc) deposit, Salbulak gold deposit, and Kalatongke copper-nickel deposit. In this paper, the authors present a study and comparison of the geological and geochemical characteristics of these deposits, and discuss their ore-forming environments and ore genesis. It is suggested that these deposits belong to five metallogenetic series, i. e. , (1) volcanic-hosted massive sulphide type copper-gold-polymetallic deposits (e. g. , Ashley); (2) epithermal type gold deposits (e. g. , Axi and Kuoerzhenkuola); (3) copper-nickel sulphide type deposits (e.g. , Karatungke); (4) structural-altered rock type gold deposits related to some ductile shear zones (e. g. , Sal'bulak, Saidu and Dolanasayi); (5) skarn-type copper (molybdenum) deposits or copper (molybdenum) deposits related to skarn (e. g. , Lamasu ). On the basis of geochronological data from the studied deposits, the mineralization took place in mainly two peak stages or epochs; the early period of the Late Paleozoic (380-340 Ma) and the middle period of the Late Palaeozoic (310~270 Ma), and these ore deposits occur only in several small metallogenetic areas. A detailed regional mineralization model is proposed. The authors suggest that these deposits have multiple ore sources, complex ore genesis and polymetallogenetic epochs or stages, according to their sulphur and lead isotopic compositions and REE distribution patterns.